Analysis of the Oldest Carbonate Gas Reservoir in China——New Geological Significance of the Dengying Gas Reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure, Sichuan Basin
|
摘要
The Weiyuan Structure is the largest surface structure in the Sichuan Basin. However, the abundance of the Dengying Formation gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure is low. The height of the gas column is 244 m, but the integrated abundance is only 26.4%. After nearly 40 years of exploration, the Gaoshi1 Well and Moxi8 Well yielded gas flows that marked an important exploration success after the discovery of the Sinian Dengying Formation gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure, Sichuan Basin, Lower-Paleozoic in 1964. Combined with research examples of oil and gas migration and gas chimneys around the world, the authors used comprehensive geological-geophysical-geochemical research methods to provide a reasonable explanation of the low abundance of the gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure based on the surface and subsurface data. The latest research results show that(1) currently, the Weiyuan Structure is the apex of the Dengying Formation in the Mid-Sichuan Basin. The Guang'an, Longnüsi, Gaoshiti-Moxi, and Weiyuan structures are a series of traps in the Dengying Formation with gradual uplifting spill and closure points during the regional uplift of the Himalayan period. The natural gas of the Dengying Formation accumulated in different ways over a wide range and long distance in the Sichuan Basin.(2) At approximately 40 Ma, the Weiyuan area started to uplift and form the present structure, and it is the only outcropped area with the Triassic Jialingjiang Formation and Leikoupo Formation in the surface of the Sichuan Basin(except the steep structural belt in East Sichuan). Caused by the uplift and denudation, the core of the Weiyuan Structure has formed an escaping "skylight" for natural gas. The evidence of a gas chimney includes(1) the component percentage of non-hydrocarbon gas, which decreased from the bottom to the top,(2) the pressure coefficient is normal because the gas reservoir from the Upper Sinian to the Lower Permian commonly have a normal pressure coefficient(an average of 1.0), and(3) the isotope geochemistry of the argon mostly represents abiogenic characteristics of a deep source, and the 40 Ar/36 Ar ratio is as high as 2 855–5 222 in the Upper Permian. All of these characteristics provide sufficient evidence for a gas chimney effect. The characteristics of low abundance in the Weiyuan Structure can be a reference example for studying the late reconstruction of deep oil and gas reservoirs in the superimposed basins of western China.
The Weiyuan Structure is the largest surface structure in the Sichuan Basin. However, the abundance of the Dengying Formation gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure is low. The height of the gas column is 244 m, but the integrated abundance is only 26.4%. After nearly 40 years of exploration, the Gaoshi1 Well and Moxi8 Well yielded gas flows that marked an important exploration success after the discovery of the Sinian Dengying Formation gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure, Sichuan Basin, Lower-Paleozoic in 1964. Combined with research examples of oil and gas migration and gas chimneys around the world, the authors used comprehensive geological-geophysical-geochemical research methods to provide a reasonable explanation of the low abundance of the gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure based on the surface and subsurface data. The latest research results show that(1) currently, the Weiyuan Structure is the apex of the Dengying Formation in the Mid-Sichuan Basin. The Guang'an, Longnüsi, Gaoshiti-Moxi, and Weiyuan structures are a series of traps in the Dengying Formation with gradual uplifting spill and closure points during the regional uplift of the Himalayan period. The natural gas of the Dengying Formation accumulated in different ways over a wide range and long distance in the Sichuan Basin.(2) At approximately 40 Ma, the Weiyuan area started to uplift and form the present structure, and it is the only outcropped area with the Triassic Jialingjiang Formation and Leikoupo Formation in the surface of the Sichuan Basin(except the steep structural belt in East Sichuan). Caused by the uplift and denudation, the core of the Weiyuan Structure has formed an escaping "skylight" for natural gas. The evidence of a gas chimney includes(1) the component percentage of non-hydrocarbon gas, which decreased from the bottom to the top,(2) the pressure coefficient is normal because the gas reservoir from the Upper Sinian to the Lower Permian commonly have a normal pressure coefficient(an average of 1.0), and(3) the isotope geochemistry of the argon mostly represents abiogenic characteristics of a deep source, and the 40 Ar/36 Ar ratio is as high as 2 855–5 222 in the Upper Permian. All of these characteristics provide sufficient evidence for a gas chimney effect. The characteristics of low abundance in the Weiyuan Structure can be a reference example for studying the late reconstruction of deep oil and gas reservoirs in the superimposed basins of western China.
The Weiyuan Structure is the largest surface structure in the Sichuan Basin. However, the abundance of the Dengying Formation gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure is low. The height of the gas column is 244 m, but the integrated abundance is only 26.4%. After nearly 40 years of exploration, the Gaoshi1 Well and Moxi8 Well yielded gas flows that marked an important exploration success after the discovery of the Sinian Dengying Formation gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure, Sichuan Basin, Lower-Paleozoic in 1964. Combined with research examples of oil and gas migration and gas chimneys around the world, the authors used comprehensive geological-geophysical-geochemical research methods to provide a reasonable explanation of the low abundance of the gas reservoir in the Weiyuan Structure based on the surface and subsurface data. The latest research results show that(1) currently, the Weiyuan Structure is the apex of the Dengying Formation in the Mid-Sichuan Basin. The Guang'an, Longnüsi, Gaoshiti-Moxi, and Weiyuan structures are a series of traps in the Dengying Formation with gradual uplifting spill and closure points during the regional uplift of the Himalayan period. The natural gas of the Dengying Formation accumulated in different ways over a wide range and long distance in the Sichuan Basin.(2) At approximately 40 Ma, the Weiyuan area started to uplift and form the present structure, and it is the only outcropped area with the Triassic Jialingjiang Formation and Leikoupo Formation in the surface of the Sichuan Basin(except the steep structural belt in East Sichuan). Caused by the uplift and denudation, the core of the Weiyuan Structure has formed an escaping "skylight" for natural gas. The evidence of a gas chimney includes(1) the component percentage of non-hydrocarbon gas, which decreased from the bottom to the top,(2) the pressure coefficient is normal because the gas reservoir from the Upper Sinian to the Lower Permian commonly have a normal pressure coefficient(an average of 1.0), and(3) the isotope geochemistry of the argon mostly represents abiogenic characteristics of a deep source, and the 40 Ar/36 Ar ratio is as high as 2 855–5 222 in the Upper Permian. All of these characteristics provide sufficient evidence for a gas chimney effect. The characteristics of low abundance in the Weiyuan Structure can be a reference example for studying the late reconstruction of deep oil and gas reservoirs in the superimposed basins of western China.
引文
Bao,C.,Yang,X.J.,Li,D.X.,1985.Characteristic of Geological Structure and Predication of Gas Prospect of Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,5(4):1-11(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Cartwright,J.,Huuse,M.,Aplin,A.,2007.Seal Bypass Systems.AAPGBulletin,91(8):1141-1166.https://doi.org/10.1306/04090705181
Dai,J.X.,2003.Pool-Forming Period Sand Gas Sources of Weiyuan Gas Field.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,25(5):473-480(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Deng,B.,Liu,S.G.,Liu,S.,et al.,2009.Restoration of Exhumation Thickness and Its Significance in Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,36(6):675-686(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Du,J.H.,Zou,C.N.,Xu,C.C.,et al.,2014.Theoretical and Technical Innovations in Strategic Discovery of a Giant Gas Field in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation of Central Sichuan Paleo-Uplift,Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(3):294-305.https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(14)60035-5
Gan,Z.G.,Liang,E.Y.,1988.Formation Time of the Folds in Sichuan Basin and Its Control on Oil and Gas Accumulations.Natural Gas Industry,8(4):1-6(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Gussow,W.C.,1954.Differential Entrapment of Oil and Gas:A Fundamental Principle.AAPG Bulletin,38:816-853
Hansen,J.P.V.,Cartwright,J.A.,Huuse,M.,et al.,2005.3D Seismic Expression of Fluid Migration and Mud Remobilization on the Gjallar Ridge,Offshore Mid-Norway.Basin Research,17(1):123-139.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2005.00257.x
He,J.X.,Chen,W.B.,Zhong,Q.X.,1994a.Mud Diaper Characteristic and Natural Gas Prospects in Yinggehai Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,26(5):15-27(in Chinese with English Abstract)
He,J.X.,Huang,H.Y.,Chen,L.C.,1994b.The Formation and Evolution of Mud Diapir and Its Relationship with Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism in Yinggehai Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,12(3):120-129(in Chinese with English Abstract)
He,J.X.,Zhu,Y.H.,Weng,R.N.,et al.,2010.Oil and Gas Leakage System and the Prospects for Oil and Gas Exploration,Yinggehai Basin.Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),32(1):1-10,189(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Heggland,R.,1997.Detection of Gas Migration from a Deep Source by the Use of Exploration 3D Seismic Data.Marine Geology,137(1/2):41-47.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-3227(96)00077-1
Huang,J.Z.,2009.The Pros and Cons of Paleohighs for Hydrocarbon Reservoiring:A Case Study of the Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,29(2):12-17(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Huang,J.Z.,Chen,S.J.,1993.The Analysis of Hydrocarbon Source Condition of Sichuan Basin Formation of Simian Gas Reservoir:Taking Weiyuan Gas Field as an Example.Natural Gas Geoscience,4(4):16-20(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Hustoft,S.,Bünz,S.,Mienert,J.,2009.Three-Dimensional Seismic Analysis of the Morphology and Spatial Distribution of Chimneys beneath the Nyegga Pockmark Field,Offshore Mid-Norway.Basin Research,22(4):465-480.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2010.00486.x
Li,X.Q.,Wang,Z.C.,Zhang,X.W.,et al.,2001.Characteristics of PaleoUplifts in Sichuan Basin and Their Control Action on Natural Gases.Oil and Gas Geology,22(4):347-351(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Li,Z.Q.,Liu,J.,Li,Y.,et al.,2015.Formation and Evolution of WeiyuanAnyue Tensional Corrosion Trough in Sinian System,Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,42(1):29-36.https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(15)60003-9
Liang,Q.S.,Liu,Z.,Chang,M.,et al.,2006.Gas Chimney Effect and Formation of Quaternary Gas Pool in Sanhu Area,Qaidam Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,27(2):156-159(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Deng,B.,Jansa,L.,et al.,2018.Multi-Stage Basin Development and Hydrocarbon Accumulations:A Review of the Sichuan Basin at Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Earth Science,29(2):307-325.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-017-0904-8
Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,Li,Z.W.,et al.,2008a.Tectonic Uplifting and Gas Pool Formation since Late Cretaceous Epoch,Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Geoscience,19(3):293-300(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Ma,Y.S.,Sun,W.,et al.,2008b.Studying on the Differences of Sinian Natural Gas Pools between Weiyuan Gas Fieldand-Ziyang Gas-Brone Area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,82(3):328-337(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,2001.Formation Time and Formation Mechanism of the Weiyuan Anticline in Sichuan Basin.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,28(4):340-343(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Deng,B.,Li,Z.W.,et al.,2012a.Architecture of Basin-Mountain Systems and Their Influences on Gas Distribution:A Case Study from the Sichuan Basin,South China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,47:204-215.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.10.012
Liu,S.G.,Qin,C.,Sun,W.,et al.,2012b.The Coupling Formation Process of Four Centers of Hydrocarbon in Sinian Dengying Formation of Sichuan Basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(3):879-888(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Huang,W.M.,Jansa,L.F.,et al.,2014.Hydrothermal Dolomite in the Upper Sinian(Upper Proterozoic)Dengying Formation,East Sichuan Basin,China.Acta Geologica Sinica-English Edition,88(5):1466-1487.https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.12312
Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,Luo,Z.L.,et al.,2013.Xingkai Taphrogenesis and Petroleum Exploration from Upper Sinian to Cambrian Strata in Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,40(5):511-520(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,Song,J.M.,et al.,2015a.Tectonics-Controlled Distribution of Marine Petroleum Accumulation in the Sichuan Basin,China.Earth Scinece Frontiers,22(3):146-160(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,Zhao,Y.H.,et al.,2015b.Differential Accumulation and Distribution of Natural Gas and Its Main Controlling Factors in the Sinian Dengying Fm,Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,35(1):10-22(in Chinese with English Abstract)
L?seth,H.,Gading,M.,Wensaas,L.,2009.Hydrocarbon Leakage Interpreted on Seismic Data.Marine and Petroleum Geology,26(7):1304-1319.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.09.008
Luo,Z.L.,Liu,S.,Xu,S.Q.,et al.,1998.Selection of Favorable Area of Exploration in Sinian Bearing Gas Formation of Sichuan Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,19(4):1-7(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Nourollah,H.,Keetley,J.,O?Brien,G.,2010.Gas Chimney Identification through Seismic Attribute Analysis in the Gippsland Basin,Australia.The Leading Edge,29(8):896-901.https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3479999
Ohm,S.E.,Karlsen,D.A.,Austin,T.J.F.,2008.Geochemically Driven Exploration Models in Uplifted Areas:Examples from the Norwegian Barents Sea.AAPG Bulletin,92(9):1191-1223.https://doi.org/10.1306/06180808028
Sales,J.K.,1997.Seal Strength vs.Trap Closure-A Fundamental Control on the Distribution of Oil and Gas.In:Surdam,R.C.,ed.,Seals,Traps,and the Petroleum System.AAPG Memoir,67:57-83.https://doi.org/10.1306/M67611C5
Song,J.M.,Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,et al.,2013.Control of Xingkai Taphro Genesis on Dengying Formation High Quality Reservoirs in Upper Sinian of Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,40(6):658-670(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Song,W.H.,1996.Reservoir-Formed Condition Research of Large Medium Gas Fields on the Known Leshan-Longnüsi Palaeouplift.Natural Gas Industry,16(Suppl.1):13-16(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Sun,W.,Liu,S.G.,Ma,Y.S.,et al.,2007.Determination and Quantitative Simulation of Gas Pool Formation Process of Sinian Cracked Gas in Weiyuan-Ziyang Area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,81(8):1153-1159(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Sun,W.,Liu,S.G.,Wang,G.Z.,et al.,2010.Characteristics of Gas Formatted from Sinian to Lower-Paleozoic in Weiyuan Area of Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,37(5):481-489(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Sun,Y.B.,Wu,S.G.,Dong,D.D.,et al.,2012.Gas Hydrates Associated with Gas Chimneys in Fine-Grained Sediments of the Northern South China Sea.Marine Geology,311-314:32-40.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.04.003
Wang,Z.C.,Zhao,W.Z.,2006.A Role of Marine Paleo-Uplift in Reservoir-Forming of Oil and Gas.China Petroleum Exploration,11(4):26-32(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wei,G.Q.,Chen,G.S.,Du,S.M.,et al.,2008.Petroleum Systems of the Oldest Gas Field in China:Neoproterozoic Gas Pools in the Weiyuan Gas Field,Sichuan Basin.Marine and Petroleum Geology,25(4/5):371-386.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.009
Wei,G.Q.,Wang,D.L.,Wang,X.B.,et al.,2014.Characteristics of Noble Gases in the Large Gaoshiti-Moxi Gas Field in Sichuan Basin,SWChina.Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(5):585-590.https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(14)60069-0
Wen,H.C.,1986.Gas-Water Relation in Weiyuan Gas Field.Natural Gas Industry,6(2):14-19(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wu,J.,Liu,S.G.,Wang,G.Z.,et al.,2016.Multi-Stage Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Formation Pressure Evolution in Sinian Dengying Formation-Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,Gaoshiti-Moxi Structure,Sichuan Basin.Journal of Earth Science,27(5):835-845.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-016-0706-4
Xu,C.C.,Shen,P.,Yang,Y.M.,et al.,2014.Accumulation Conditions and Enrichment Patterns of Natural Gas in the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Fm Reservoirs of the Leshan-Longnüsi Paleohigh,Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,34(3):1-7(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu,S.Q.,Xiong,R.G.,1999.Formation and Evolution Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of the Caledonian Palaeo-Uplift.Natural Gas Exploration and Development,22(2):1-6(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu,Y.C.,Shen,P.,Li,Y.C.,1989.The Oldest Gas Pool of China:Weiyuan Sinian Gas Pool,Sichuan Province.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,7(4):3-13(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu,Y.C.,Wang,X.B.,Wu,R.M.,et al.,1979.Rare Gas Isotopic Composition of Natural Gases.Geochimica,1979(4):271-282(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang,R.Z.,Li,Y.,Pang,H.L.,et al.,2013.3D Seismic Chimney Detection Technology Based on Dip Steering and Its Application on Buir Sag of Hailar Basin.Geoscience,27(1):223-230(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang,T.T.,Lü,F.L.,Wang,B.L.,et al.,2013.Geophysical Characteristics and Genetic Mechanism of the Gas Chimney in Deep Water Area of Southern Qiongdongnan Basin.Progress in Geophysics,28(5):2634-2641(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhai,G.M.,1989.Petroleum Geology of China Vol.10:Sichuan Oil and Gas Areas.Petroleum Industry Press,Beijing.516(in Chinese)
Zhao,J.X.,1988.A Karst Gas Reservoir-Analysis of Yangxin Gas Reservoir in the Weiyuan Gas Field.Carsologica Sinica,7(S2):203-209(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhong,Y.,Li,Y.L.,Zhang,X.B.,et al.,2014.Evolution Characteristics of Central Sichuan Palaeouplift and Its Relationship with Early Cambrian Mianyang-Changning Intracratonic Sag.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,41(6):703-712(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhou,Z.,Wang,X.Z.,Xie,L.,et al.,2014.Reservoir Features and Physical Influences of the Sinian Dengying Formation in Central Sichuan,China.Natural Gas Geoscience,25(5):701-708(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Cartwright,J.,Huuse,M.,Aplin,A.,2007.Seal Bypass Systems.AAPGBulletin,91(8):1141-1166.https://doi.org/10.1306/04090705181
Dai,J.X.,2003.Pool-Forming Period Sand Gas Sources of Weiyuan Gas Field.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,25(5):473-480(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Deng,B.,Liu,S.G.,Liu,S.,et al.,2009.Restoration of Exhumation Thickness and Its Significance in Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,36(6):675-686(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Du,J.H.,Zou,C.N.,Xu,C.C.,et al.,2014.Theoretical and Technical Innovations in Strategic Discovery of a Giant Gas Field in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation of Central Sichuan Paleo-Uplift,Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(3):294-305.https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(14)60035-5
Gan,Z.G.,Liang,E.Y.,1988.Formation Time of the Folds in Sichuan Basin and Its Control on Oil and Gas Accumulations.Natural Gas Industry,8(4):1-6(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Gussow,W.C.,1954.Differential Entrapment of Oil and Gas:A Fundamental Principle.AAPG Bulletin,38:816-853
Hansen,J.P.V.,Cartwright,J.A.,Huuse,M.,et al.,2005.3D Seismic Expression of Fluid Migration and Mud Remobilization on the Gjallar Ridge,Offshore Mid-Norway.Basin Research,17(1):123-139.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2005.00257.x
He,J.X.,Chen,W.B.,Zhong,Q.X.,1994a.Mud Diaper Characteristic and Natural Gas Prospects in Yinggehai Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,26(5):15-27(in Chinese with English Abstract)
He,J.X.,Huang,H.Y.,Chen,L.C.,1994b.The Formation and Evolution of Mud Diapir and Its Relationship with Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism in Yinggehai Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,12(3):120-129(in Chinese with English Abstract)
He,J.X.,Zhu,Y.H.,Weng,R.N.,et al.,2010.Oil and Gas Leakage System and the Prospects for Oil and Gas Exploration,Yinggehai Basin.Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),32(1):1-10,189(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Heggland,R.,1997.Detection of Gas Migration from a Deep Source by the Use of Exploration 3D Seismic Data.Marine Geology,137(1/2):41-47.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-3227(96)00077-1
Huang,J.Z.,2009.The Pros and Cons of Paleohighs for Hydrocarbon Reservoiring:A Case Study of the Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,29(2):12-17(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Huang,J.Z.,Chen,S.J.,1993.The Analysis of Hydrocarbon Source Condition of Sichuan Basin Formation of Simian Gas Reservoir:Taking Weiyuan Gas Field as an Example.Natural Gas Geoscience,4(4):16-20(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Hustoft,S.,Bünz,S.,Mienert,J.,2009.Three-Dimensional Seismic Analysis of the Morphology and Spatial Distribution of Chimneys beneath the Nyegga Pockmark Field,Offshore Mid-Norway.Basin Research,22(4):465-480.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2010.00486.x
Li,X.Q.,Wang,Z.C.,Zhang,X.W.,et al.,2001.Characteristics of PaleoUplifts in Sichuan Basin and Their Control Action on Natural Gases.Oil and Gas Geology,22(4):347-351(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Li,Z.Q.,Liu,J.,Li,Y.,et al.,2015.Formation and Evolution of WeiyuanAnyue Tensional Corrosion Trough in Sinian System,Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Exploration and Development,42(1):29-36.https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(15)60003-9
Liang,Q.S.,Liu,Z.,Chang,M.,et al.,2006.Gas Chimney Effect and Formation of Quaternary Gas Pool in Sanhu Area,Qaidam Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,27(2):156-159(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Deng,B.,Jansa,L.,et al.,2018.Multi-Stage Basin Development and Hydrocarbon Accumulations:A Review of the Sichuan Basin at Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Earth Science,29(2):307-325.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-017-0904-8
Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,Li,Z.W.,et al.,2008a.Tectonic Uplifting and Gas Pool Formation since Late Cretaceous Epoch,Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Geoscience,19(3):293-300(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Ma,Y.S.,Sun,W.,et al.,2008b.Studying on the Differences of Sinian Natural Gas Pools between Weiyuan Gas Fieldand-Ziyang Gas-Brone Area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,82(3):328-337(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,2001.Formation Time and Formation Mechanism of the Weiyuan Anticline in Sichuan Basin.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,28(4):340-343(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Deng,B.,Li,Z.W.,et al.,2012a.Architecture of Basin-Mountain Systems and Their Influences on Gas Distribution:A Case Study from the Sichuan Basin,South China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,47:204-215.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.10.012
Liu,S.G.,Qin,C.,Sun,W.,et al.,2012b.The Coupling Formation Process of Four Centers of Hydrocarbon in Sinian Dengying Formation of Sichuan Basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(3):879-888(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Huang,W.M.,Jansa,L.F.,et al.,2014.Hydrothermal Dolomite in the Upper Sinian(Upper Proterozoic)Dengying Formation,East Sichuan Basin,China.Acta Geologica Sinica-English Edition,88(5):1466-1487.https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.12312
Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,Luo,Z.L.,et al.,2013.Xingkai Taphrogenesis and Petroleum Exploration from Upper Sinian to Cambrian Strata in Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,40(5):511-520(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,Song,J.M.,et al.,2015a.Tectonics-Controlled Distribution of Marine Petroleum Accumulation in the Sichuan Basin,China.Earth Scinece Frontiers,22(3):146-160(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,Zhao,Y.H.,et al.,2015b.Differential Accumulation and Distribution of Natural Gas and Its Main Controlling Factors in the Sinian Dengying Fm,Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,35(1):10-22(in Chinese with English Abstract)
L?seth,H.,Gading,M.,Wensaas,L.,2009.Hydrocarbon Leakage Interpreted on Seismic Data.Marine and Petroleum Geology,26(7):1304-1319.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.09.008
Luo,Z.L.,Liu,S.,Xu,S.Q.,et al.,1998.Selection of Favorable Area of Exploration in Sinian Bearing Gas Formation of Sichuan Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,19(4):1-7(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Nourollah,H.,Keetley,J.,O?Brien,G.,2010.Gas Chimney Identification through Seismic Attribute Analysis in the Gippsland Basin,Australia.The Leading Edge,29(8):896-901.https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3479999
Ohm,S.E.,Karlsen,D.A.,Austin,T.J.F.,2008.Geochemically Driven Exploration Models in Uplifted Areas:Examples from the Norwegian Barents Sea.AAPG Bulletin,92(9):1191-1223.https://doi.org/10.1306/06180808028
Sales,J.K.,1997.Seal Strength vs.Trap Closure-A Fundamental Control on the Distribution of Oil and Gas.In:Surdam,R.C.,ed.,Seals,Traps,and the Petroleum System.AAPG Memoir,67:57-83.https://doi.org/10.1306/M67611C5
Song,J.M.,Liu,S.G.,Sun,W.,et al.,2013.Control of Xingkai Taphro Genesis on Dengying Formation High Quality Reservoirs in Upper Sinian of Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,40(6):658-670(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Song,W.H.,1996.Reservoir-Formed Condition Research of Large Medium Gas Fields on the Known Leshan-Longnüsi Palaeouplift.Natural Gas Industry,16(Suppl.1):13-16(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Sun,W.,Liu,S.G.,Ma,Y.S.,et al.,2007.Determination and Quantitative Simulation of Gas Pool Formation Process of Sinian Cracked Gas in Weiyuan-Ziyang Area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,81(8):1153-1159(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Sun,W.,Liu,S.G.,Wang,G.Z.,et al.,2010.Characteristics of Gas Formatted from Sinian to Lower-Paleozoic in Weiyuan Area of Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,37(5):481-489(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Sun,Y.B.,Wu,S.G.,Dong,D.D.,et al.,2012.Gas Hydrates Associated with Gas Chimneys in Fine-Grained Sediments of the Northern South China Sea.Marine Geology,311-314:32-40.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.04.003
Wang,Z.C.,Zhao,W.Z.,2006.A Role of Marine Paleo-Uplift in Reservoir-Forming of Oil and Gas.China Petroleum Exploration,11(4):26-32(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wei,G.Q.,Chen,G.S.,Du,S.M.,et al.,2008.Petroleum Systems of the Oldest Gas Field in China:Neoproterozoic Gas Pools in the Weiyuan Gas Field,Sichuan Basin.Marine and Petroleum Geology,25(4/5):371-386.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.009
Wei,G.Q.,Wang,D.L.,Wang,X.B.,et al.,2014.Characteristics of Noble Gases in the Large Gaoshiti-Moxi Gas Field in Sichuan Basin,SWChina.Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(5):585-590.https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(14)60069-0
Wen,H.C.,1986.Gas-Water Relation in Weiyuan Gas Field.Natural Gas Industry,6(2):14-19(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wu,J.,Liu,S.G.,Wang,G.Z.,et al.,2016.Multi-Stage Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Formation Pressure Evolution in Sinian Dengying Formation-Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,Gaoshiti-Moxi Structure,Sichuan Basin.Journal of Earth Science,27(5):835-845.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-016-0706-4
Xu,C.C.,Shen,P.,Yang,Y.M.,et al.,2014.Accumulation Conditions and Enrichment Patterns of Natural Gas in the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Fm Reservoirs of the Leshan-Longnüsi Paleohigh,Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Industry,34(3):1-7(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu,S.Q.,Xiong,R.G.,1999.Formation and Evolution Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of the Caledonian Palaeo-Uplift.Natural Gas Exploration and Development,22(2):1-6(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu,Y.C.,Shen,P.,Li,Y.C.,1989.The Oldest Gas Pool of China:Weiyuan Sinian Gas Pool,Sichuan Province.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,7(4):3-13(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu,Y.C.,Wang,X.B.,Wu,R.M.,et al.,1979.Rare Gas Isotopic Composition of Natural Gases.Geochimica,1979(4):271-282(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang,R.Z.,Li,Y.,Pang,H.L.,et al.,2013.3D Seismic Chimney Detection Technology Based on Dip Steering and Its Application on Buir Sag of Hailar Basin.Geoscience,27(1):223-230(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang,T.T.,Lü,F.L.,Wang,B.L.,et al.,2013.Geophysical Characteristics and Genetic Mechanism of the Gas Chimney in Deep Water Area of Southern Qiongdongnan Basin.Progress in Geophysics,28(5):2634-2641(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhai,G.M.,1989.Petroleum Geology of China Vol.10:Sichuan Oil and Gas Areas.Petroleum Industry Press,Beijing.516(in Chinese)
Zhao,J.X.,1988.A Karst Gas Reservoir-Analysis of Yangxin Gas Reservoir in the Weiyuan Gas Field.Carsologica Sinica,7(S2):203-209(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhong,Y.,Li,Y.L.,Zhang,X.B.,et al.,2014.Evolution Characteristics of Central Sichuan Palaeouplift and Its Relationship with Early Cambrian Mianyang-Changning Intracratonic Sag.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,41(6):703-712(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhou,Z.,Wang,X.Z.,Xie,L.,et al.,2014.Reservoir Features and Physical Influences of the Sinian Dengying Formation in Central Sichuan,China.Natural Gas Geoscience,25(5):701-708(in Chinese with English Abstract)
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |