甘蒙地区北山盆地群中口子盆地侏罗系烃源岩特征及评价
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摘要
北山盆地群侏罗系是我国西北地区潜在的油气勘探新领域,为深化其石油地质认识,进一步明确资源潜力,优选北山盆地群中勘探程度相对较高的中口子盆地侏罗系为研究对象,以有机质丰度、类型及成熟度等有机地球化学分析数据为基础,分析了侏罗系烃源岩基础特征,并基于生物标志化合物资料,探讨了该区侏罗系烃源岩的有机质来源及沉积环境。结果表明,中口子盆地侏罗系烃源岩有机质丰度较高,生烃潜力较好,主要为中等-好烃源岩,干酪根类型以Ⅱ_2型为主,生烃母质主要是陆源高等植物,主要形成于氧气量适中的弱氧化-弱还原古环境,靠近或位于凹陷中心的烃源岩形成环境还原性稍强,较有利于有机质保存。区内黑帐房凹陷烃源岩已经成熟,而南泉凹陷烃源岩主要为低熟。因此建议黑帐房凹陷中心或者临近中心区域,寻找保存条件好的油藏是取得下步油气勘探突破的重点。这些认识可供西北地区侏罗系沉积古环境和资源潜力研究时对比参考。
On the basis of systematic sample collection,this papper studies in detail the characteristics of organic matter and biomarker characteristics of Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks in Zhongkouzi Basin, located at the junction of Gansu and Inner Mongolia, with geochemical analysis and testing technology as the main means.The paper also discusses the sedimentary environment, the source of organic matter, the evolution degree of organic matter and the potential of hydrocarbon generation of the source rocks.The resarch results show that the abundance of organic matter of the Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks in Zhongkouzi Basin is high, with the kerogen dominated by type Ⅱ_2, and the excellent potential of hydrocarbon generation.The main sources of organic matter are terrestrial plants, supplemented by mixed sources of algae and aquatic organisms.The source rocks are mainly formed in the weak oxidation weak-reduction paleoenvironment with the moderate amount of oxygen.The hydrocarbon source rocks near or in the center of the depression enhance the environmental reduction, which is beneficial to the preservation of organic matter. The maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks in Heizhangfang Depression is high and the degree of thermal evolution is in the stage of thermally catalyzed oil generation or major oil generation.The maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks of Nanquan Depression in the western of Zhongkouzi Basin is mainly characterized by low maturity. It is considered that the key to the exploration breakthroughs in Zhongkouzi Basin is to find oil reservoirs with good preservation conditions near or in the center of the Heizhangfang Depression.This study defines the characteristics of source rocks and the potential of hydrocarbon generation further, deepened the understanding of petroleum geology, and provides a detailed and reliable basis for achieving exploration breakthroughs in Zhongkouzi Basin.
On the basis of systematic sample collection,this papper studies in detail the characteristics of organic matter and biomarker characteristics of Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks in Zhongkouzi Basin, located at the junction of Gansu and Inner Mongolia, with geochemical analysis and testing technology as the main means.The paper also discusses the sedimentary environment, the source of organic matter, the evolution degree of organic matter and the potential of hydrocarbon generation of the source rocks.The resarch results show that the abundance of organic matter of the Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks in Zhongkouzi Basin is high, with the kerogen dominated by type Ⅱ_2, and the excellent potential of hydrocarbon generation.The main sources of organic matter are terrestrial plants, supplemented by mixed sources of algae and aquatic organisms.The source rocks are mainly formed in the weak oxidation weak-reduction paleoenvironment with the moderate amount of oxygen.The hydrocarbon source rocks near or in the center of the depression enhance the environmental reduction, which is beneficial to the preservation of organic matter. The maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks in Heizhangfang Depression is high and the degree of thermal evolution is in the stage of thermally catalyzed oil generation or major oil generation.The maturity of hydrocarbon source rocks of Nanquan Depression in the western of Zhongkouzi Basin is mainly characterized by low maturity. It is considered that the key to the exploration breakthroughs in Zhongkouzi Basin is to find oil reservoirs with good preservation conditions near or in the center of the Heizhangfang Depression.This study defines the characteristics of source rocks and the potential of hydrocarbon generation further, deepened the understanding of petroleum geology, and provides a detailed and reliable basis for achieving exploration breakthroughs in Zhongkouzi Basin.
引文
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[16] 王军,王清斌,王飞龙,等.渤中地区不同热解实验条件下的烃源岩生烃动力学研究[J].地质科技情报,2018,37(1):108-114.
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[19] 张新顺,王红军,马锋,等.北美白玺系烃源岩发育特征与油气分布关系[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(1):119-126.
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[24] 李宏义,刘丽芳,吴克强,等.渤海海域渤东凹陷烃源岩特征与勘探潜力[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(6):132-135.
[25] Romero-Sarmiento M F,Rohais R,Littke R.Lacustrine Type I kerogen characterization at different thermal maturity levels:Application to the Late Cretaceous Yacoraite Formation in the Salta Basin,Argentina[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2019,203:15-27.
[26] 苗建宇,周立发,邓昆,等.新疆北部中二叠统烃源岩有机质与沉积环境的关系[J].地球化学,2004,33(6):551-558.
[27] 刘洪军,段俊梅,秦黎明,等.准噶尔盆地腹部及西南缘白玺系烃源岩地球化学特征及沉积环境分析[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(4):25-30.
[28] 王炳凯,冯乔,田方正,等.新疆准噶尔盆地南缘二叠系芦草沟组烃源岩生物标志化合物特征及意义[J].地质通报,2017,36(2/3):304-313.
[29] 张焕旭,陈世加,张亚,等.烃源岩生烃增压研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2018,37(2):199-207.
[2] 陈启林 ,杨占龙.泛河西走廊盆地群油气地质特征与勘探前景[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(2):186-192.
[3] 李相博,完颜容,王琪,等.甘肃及邻区中小盆地油气地质特征及资源潜力分析[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2006,42(1):18-22.
[4] 仁和爱,李刚.北山地区总口子盆地油气勘探方向[J].海洋地质动态,2005,2(4):24-27.
[5] 吴少波,白玉宝,杨友运.北山盆地群侏罗、白垩系沉积体系及其分布、演化[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2003,33(6):717-722.
[6] 余琪祥,陈君,余风华.西北中小型盆地油气资源潜力与勘探领域分析[J].西北地质,2016,49(1);225-233.
[7] 张德润.北山地区地球物理场特征及基底性质[J].物探与化探,2000,24(2):87-91.
[8] 左国朝,刘义科,李相博.蒙甘青宁地区侏罗纪开合盆山构造格局及原型盆地沉积特征[J].地质通报,2004,23(3):261-271.
[9] 龚全胜,刘明强,梁明宏,等.北山造山带大地构造相及构造演化[J].西北地质,2003,36(1):11-18.
[10] 吴少波,白玉宝.北山盆地群侏罗-白垩系生储盖特征及油气远景[J].地质科学,2006,41(1):1-9.
[11] 王东良,李欣,李书琴,等.未成熟-低成熟煤系烃源岩生烃潜力的评价:以塔东北地区为例[J]中国矿业大学学报:自然科学版,2001,30(3):317-320.
[12] 陈建平,赵长毅,何忠华.煤系有机质生烃潜力评价标准探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(1):1-3.
[13] 黄第藩,熊传武.含煤地层中石油的生成、运移和生油潜力评价[J].勘探家,1996,1(2):6-11 .
[14] Carvajal-Ortiz H,Gentzis T.Critical considerations when assessing hydrocarbon plays using Rock-Eval pyrolysis and organic petrology data:Data quality revisited[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2015,152:113-122.
[15] Zhang S C,Zhang B,Zhu G,et al.Geochemical evidence for coal-derived hydrocarbons and their charge history in the Dabei Gas Field,Kuqa Thrust Be1t,Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2011,28(7):1364-1375.
[16] 王军,王清斌,王飞龙,等.渤中地区不同热解实验条件下的烃源岩生烃动力学研究[J].地质科技情报,2018,37(1):108-114.
[17] Ndip E A,Agyingi C M,Nton M E,et al.Organic petrography and petroleum source rock evaluation of the Cretaceous Mamfe Formation,Mamfe Basin,southwest Cameroon[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2019,202:27-37.
[18] 马军,李水福,胡守志,等.芳烃化合物组成及其在油气地球化学中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2010,29(6):73-79.
[19] 张新顺,王红军,马锋,等.北美白玺系烃源岩发育特征与油气分布关系[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(1):119-126.
[20] Peters K E,Moldowan J M.The biomarker guide:Interpreting molecular fossil in petroleum and ancient sediments[M].Engle-Wood C1iffs.NJ,United States:Prentice Hall,1993:88.
[21] 王铁冠.生物标志物地球化学研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990.
[22] Didyk B M.Organic geochemical indicators of paleoenvironmental conditions of sedimentation[J].Nature,1978,272:16.
[23] Peters K E,Walters C C,Moldowan J M.The biomarker guide:Biomarkers and isotopes in the environment and human history[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005.
[24] 李宏义,刘丽芳,吴克强,等.渤海海域渤东凹陷烃源岩特征与勘探潜力[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(6):132-135.
[25] Romero-Sarmiento M F,Rohais R,Littke R.Lacustrine Type I kerogen characterization at different thermal maturity levels:Application to the Late Cretaceous Yacoraite Formation in the Salta Basin,Argentina[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2019,203:15-27.
[26] 苗建宇,周立发,邓昆,等.新疆北部中二叠统烃源岩有机质与沉积环境的关系[J].地球化学,2004,33(6):551-558.
[27] 刘洪军,段俊梅,秦黎明,等.准噶尔盆地腹部及西南缘白玺系烃源岩地球化学特征及沉积环境分析[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(4):25-30.
[28] 王炳凯,冯乔,田方正,等.新疆准噶尔盆地南缘二叠系芦草沟组烃源岩生物标志化合物特征及意义[J].地质通报,2017,36(2/3):304-313.
[29] 张焕旭,陈世加,张亚,等.烃源岩生烃增压研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2018,37(2):199-207.
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