冀南邯邢地区白涧矽卡岩型铁矿磁铁矿成分特征与地质意义
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摘要
对邯邢地区白涧铁矿矿体和岩体中磁铁矿的成分特征进行详细的成分分析,通过成因矿物学研究认为白涧铁矿矿床主要为接触交代成因,而非矿浆贯入成矿。富铁的岩浆热液在有利的断裂构造条件下充填到接触带和围岩裂隙当中,与碳酸盐围岩发生接触交代作用,形成矽卡岩型矿床。研究发现,矿区内磁铁矿以自形-半自形为主,部分有被赤铁矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿等矿物交代的现象.围岩蚀变以矽卡岩化和钠长石化为主,具有分带性。矿体磁铁矿与岩体磁铁矿相比表现出富Mg、Mn、Si、Ca贫Fe2+、V、Cr的特征,且与典型的矿浆型磁铁矿成分差别明显。根据成因投图及单位分子中各阳离子数之间的协变图解发现,Mg、Mn与Fe2+、Si与Fe3+呈现明显的负相关,Ca与Si呈现正相关。此外,成矿过程中发生的非氧化还原反应亦可以解释矿区上方出现气孔状矿石的现象,这些成分之间的差异、相关性及发生的非氧化还原反应具有典型矽卡岩型矿床的特征。
This paper has carried out detailed analyses of compositions of magnetites from ores and intrusive rocks in the Baijian Iron Deposit in the Handan-Xingtai Area. Based on the genetic mineralogy study, it is believed that the Baijian Iron Deposit was mainly formed by the contact metasomatism, rather than the ‘ore magma' injection. Under favorable fault tectonic conditions, the iron-rich magmatic hydrothermal fluid filled into the contact zones and fractures of wallrocks, resulting to the contact metasomatism of the carbonate wallrocks and the formation of skarn Fe deposit. The study shows that the magnetite in the deposit is mainly euhedral to subhedral crystals, with part of them are replaced by hematite, pyrite and chalcopyrite. The alterations of the wall rocks are dominated by skarnization and albitization, with the zonation of alteration. Compared with magnetite in intrusions, the magnetites in ore bodies are rich in Mg, Mn, Si, Al, and Ca, but poor in Fe2+, V, and Cr, and obviously different to compositions of the typical ‘ore magma' magnetite;Based on genetic diagram and covariant diagrams of the cation numbers in a unit molecule of the magnetite obtained by calculation, it is found that there are significant negative correlations between Mg, Mn and. Fe2+, and between Si and. Fe3+ contents, but positive correlation between Ca and Si contents. In addition, the non-redox reaction occurred in process of mineralization could also explain the occurrence of stomatal ores in the upper part of orebodies in the deposit. The differences and correlations between two elements of them in compositions of magnetites and the occurrence of non-redox reaction display the characteristics of typical skarn iron deposit.
This paper has carried out detailed analyses of compositions of magnetites from ores and intrusive rocks in the Baijian Iron Deposit in the Handan-Xingtai Area. Based on the genetic mineralogy study, it is believed that the Baijian Iron Deposit was mainly formed by the contact metasomatism, rather than the ‘ore magma' injection. Under favorable fault tectonic conditions, the iron-rich magmatic hydrothermal fluid filled into the contact zones and fractures of wallrocks, resulting to the contact metasomatism of the carbonate wallrocks and the formation of skarn Fe deposit. The study shows that the magnetite in the deposit is mainly euhedral to subhedral crystals, with part of them are replaced by hematite, pyrite and chalcopyrite. The alterations of the wall rocks are dominated by skarnization and albitization, with the zonation of alteration. Compared with magnetite in intrusions, the magnetites in ore bodies are rich in Mg, Mn, Si, Al, and Ca, but poor in Fe2+, V, and Cr, and obviously different to compositions of the typical ‘ore magma' magnetite;Based on genetic diagram and covariant diagrams of the cation numbers in a unit molecule of the magnetite obtained by calculation, it is found that there are significant negative correlations between Mg, Mn and. Fe2+, and between Si and. Fe3+ contents, but positive correlation between Ca and Si contents. In addition, the non-redox reaction occurred in process of mineralization could also explain the occurrence of stomatal ores in the upper part of orebodies in the deposit. The differences and correlations between two elements of them in compositions of magnetites and the occurrence of non-redox reaction display the characteristics of typical skarn iron deposit.
引文
[1]罗照华,邓晋福,赵国春,等.太行山造山带岩浆活动特征及其造山过程反演[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,1997,(3):279-284.
[2]罗照华.太行山造山带岩浆活动及其造山过程反演[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[3]郑建民,毛景文,陈懋弘,等.冀南邯郸-邢台地区矽卡岩铁矿的地质特征及成矿模式[J].地质通报,2007,26(2):150-154.
[4]陈永健,苏尚国,何永胜,等.石门铁矿床Fe素特征及其成矿指示意义[J].岩石学报,2014,(11):3443-3454.
[5]沈保丰,陆松年,翟安民,等.冀南等地接触交代型铁矿床中磁铁矿的化学成分特征及其地质意义[J].地质论评,1979,(1):10-18.
[6]沈保丰,翟安民,李增慧,等.冀南邯邢式铁矿成矿地质条件分析[J].地质学报,1981,(2):127-138.
[7]章百明,马国玺,毕伏科,等.河北主要成矿区带与岩浆作用有关的矿床成矿系列及成矿模式[J].华北地质矿产杂志,1996,(3):19-21.
[8]张聚全,李胜荣,王吉中,等.冀南邯邢地区白涧和西石门矽卡岩型铁矿磁铁矿成因矿物学研究[J].地学前缘,2013,(3):76-87.
[9]许晓峰.从交代蚀变矿物标型特征研究冀南矽卡岩型铁矿床的形成[J].地质找矿论丛,1987,1(1):50-56.
[10]Zhang J Q,Li S R,Santosh M,Wang J Z,Li Q.Mineral chemistry of high-Mg diorites and skarn in the Han-Xing Iron deposits of South Taihang Mountains,China:Constraints on mineralization process[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2015,64:200-214.
[11]Ying J F,Zhang H F,Tang Y J.Crust-mantle interaction in the central North China Craton during the Mesozoic:Evidence from zircon U-Pb chronology,Hf isotopy and geochemistry of syenitic-monzonitic intrusions from Shanxi privince[J].Lithos,2011,125(s1-2):449-462.
[12]蔡本俊,李席珍,魏寿彭,等.邯邢地区中奥陶统蒸发岩特征及其对内生铁(硫)矿床的控制[J].中国地质科学院地质力学研究所所刊,1987,(2):1-84.
[13]牛树银,陈路,许传诗,等.太行山地区地壳演化及成矿规律[M].北京:地震出版社,1994:181-183.
[14]郝俊杰,莘建宏,赵新卫,等.河北省沙河市白涧铁矿床稀土元素地球化学特征[J].现代地质,2011,25(3):545-552.
[15]李黎明.论邯邢式铁矿成矿构造控制因素[J].地质与勘探,1986,22(4):1-11.
[16]郑建民,谢桂青,陈懋弘,等.岩体侵位机制对夕卡岩型矿床的制约:以邯邢地区矽卡岩铁矿为例[J].矿床地质,2007,26(4):481-486.
[17]华北冶金地质勘探公司五一八队.河北某地磁铁矿床控矿因素与矿床成因探讨[A].华北富铁矿工作经验交流会议地质资料汇编[C].北京:地质出版社,1975:62-87.
[18]郑建民,谢桂青,刘珺,等.河北省南部邯郸-邢台地区西石门矽卡岩型铁矿床金云母40Ar-39Ar定年及意义[J].岩石学报,2007,23(10):2513-2518.
[19]陈西子.河北省白涧铁矿成矿地质特征研究[D].石家庄:石家庄经济学院,2012.
[20]沈保丰,陆松年,于恩泽,等.某区磁铁矿床中钠质交代作用的特征及其找矿意义[J].地质科学,1977,(3):263-274.
[21]彭头平,王岳军,范蔚茗,等.南太行山闪长岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及岩石成因研究[J].岩石学报,2004,20(5):1253-1262.
[22]徐登科.矿物化学式计算方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1979.
[23]董斌斌,黎广荣,郭福生,等.磁铁矿中硅的赋存状态研究进展:兼论新疆雅满苏铁矿床中磁铁矿晶体化学特征[J].高校地质学报,2017,23(2):213-226.
[24]文广.邯邢地区矽卡岩富铁矿床形成机理及关键控制因素[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2017.
[25]ZHU Bin,ZHANG Hong-fu,ZHAO Xin-miao,et al.Iron isotope fractionation during skarn-type alteration:Implications formetal source in the Han-Xing iron skarn deposit[J].Ore Geology Reviews 74,2016,139-150.
[26]赵一鸣,林文蔚,毕承思,等.中国矽卡岩矿床基本地质特征[J].中国地质科学院院报,1986,(3):59-87.
[27]张聚全,王吉中,李胜荣,等.南太行邯邢地区夕卡岩型铁矿成矿过程中的成因矿物学解析[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2018,37(2):205-213.
[28]陈光远,孙岱生,殷辉安.矿物学与找矿矿物学[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1987:1-874.
[29]王顺金.论磁铁矿的标型特征[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1987.
[30]林师整.磁铁矿矿物化学、成因及演化的探讨[J].矿物学报,1982,2(3):166-174.
[31]段超,李延河,袁顺达,等.宁芜矿集区凹山铁矿床磁铁矿元素地球化学特征及其对成矿作用的制约[J].岩石学报.2012,28(1):243-257.
[32]Dupuis C,Beaudoin G.Discriminant diagrams for iron oxidetrace element fingerprinting of mineral deposit types[J].Mineralium Deposita,2011,46(4):319-335.
[33]Nadoll P,Angerer T,Mauk J L,et al.The chemistry of hydro-thermal magnetite:A review[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2014,61:1-32.
[34]真允庆,马丽华,李中生.鞍山式铁矿与邯邢式铁矿的可能联系[J].地球化学,1984,(4):71-80.
[35]翟德高,王建平,刘家军,等.成矿作用过程中赤铁矿-磁铁矿之间非氧化还原转变[J].地质论评,2010,56(6):801-808.
[2]罗照华.太行山造山带岩浆活动及其造山过程反演[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[3]郑建民,毛景文,陈懋弘,等.冀南邯郸-邢台地区矽卡岩铁矿的地质特征及成矿模式[J].地质通报,2007,26(2):150-154.
[4]陈永健,苏尚国,何永胜,等.石门铁矿床Fe素特征及其成矿指示意义[J].岩石学报,2014,(11):3443-3454.
[5]沈保丰,陆松年,翟安民,等.冀南等地接触交代型铁矿床中磁铁矿的化学成分特征及其地质意义[J].地质论评,1979,(1):10-18.
[6]沈保丰,翟安民,李增慧,等.冀南邯邢式铁矿成矿地质条件分析[J].地质学报,1981,(2):127-138.
[7]章百明,马国玺,毕伏科,等.河北主要成矿区带与岩浆作用有关的矿床成矿系列及成矿模式[J].华北地质矿产杂志,1996,(3):19-21.
[8]张聚全,李胜荣,王吉中,等.冀南邯邢地区白涧和西石门矽卡岩型铁矿磁铁矿成因矿物学研究[J].地学前缘,2013,(3):76-87.
[9]许晓峰.从交代蚀变矿物标型特征研究冀南矽卡岩型铁矿床的形成[J].地质找矿论丛,1987,1(1):50-56.
[10]Zhang J Q,Li S R,Santosh M,Wang J Z,Li Q.Mineral chemistry of high-Mg diorites and skarn in the Han-Xing Iron deposits of South Taihang Mountains,China:Constraints on mineralization process[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2015,64:200-214.
[11]Ying J F,Zhang H F,Tang Y J.Crust-mantle interaction in the central North China Craton during the Mesozoic:Evidence from zircon U-Pb chronology,Hf isotopy and geochemistry of syenitic-monzonitic intrusions from Shanxi privince[J].Lithos,2011,125(s1-2):449-462.
[12]蔡本俊,李席珍,魏寿彭,等.邯邢地区中奥陶统蒸发岩特征及其对内生铁(硫)矿床的控制[J].中国地质科学院地质力学研究所所刊,1987,(2):1-84.
[13]牛树银,陈路,许传诗,等.太行山地区地壳演化及成矿规律[M].北京:地震出版社,1994:181-183.
[14]郝俊杰,莘建宏,赵新卫,等.河北省沙河市白涧铁矿床稀土元素地球化学特征[J].现代地质,2011,25(3):545-552.
[15]李黎明.论邯邢式铁矿成矿构造控制因素[J].地质与勘探,1986,22(4):1-11.
[16]郑建民,谢桂青,陈懋弘,等.岩体侵位机制对夕卡岩型矿床的制约:以邯邢地区矽卡岩铁矿为例[J].矿床地质,2007,26(4):481-486.
[17]华北冶金地质勘探公司五一八队.河北某地磁铁矿床控矿因素与矿床成因探讨[A].华北富铁矿工作经验交流会议地质资料汇编[C].北京:地质出版社,1975:62-87.
[18]郑建民,谢桂青,刘珺,等.河北省南部邯郸-邢台地区西石门矽卡岩型铁矿床金云母40Ar-39Ar定年及意义[J].岩石学报,2007,23(10):2513-2518.
[19]陈西子.河北省白涧铁矿成矿地质特征研究[D].石家庄:石家庄经济学院,2012.
[20]沈保丰,陆松年,于恩泽,等.某区磁铁矿床中钠质交代作用的特征及其找矿意义[J].地质科学,1977,(3):263-274.
[21]彭头平,王岳军,范蔚茗,等.南太行山闪长岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及岩石成因研究[J].岩石学报,2004,20(5):1253-1262.
[22]徐登科.矿物化学式计算方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1979.
[23]董斌斌,黎广荣,郭福生,等.磁铁矿中硅的赋存状态研究进展:兼论新疆雅满苏铁矿床中磁铁矿晶体化学特征[J].高校地质学报,2017,23(2):213-226.
[24]文广.邯邢地区矽卡岩富铁矿床形成机理及关键控制因素[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2017.
[25]ZHU Bin,ZHANG Hong-fu,ZHAO Xin-miao,et al.Iron isotope fractionation during skarn-type alteration:Implications formetal source in the Han-Xing iron skarn deposit[J].Ore Geology Reviews 74,2016,139-150.
[26]赵一鸣,林文蔚,毕承思,等.中国矽卡岩矿床基本地质特征[J].中国地质科学院院报,1986,(3):59-87.
[27]张聚全,王吉中,李胜荣,等.南太行邯邢地区夕卡岩型铁矿成矿过程中的成因矿物学解析[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2018,37(2):205-213.
[28]陈光远,孙岱生,殷辉安.矿物学与找矿矿物学[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1987:1-874.
[29]王顺金.论磁铁矿的标型特征[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1987.
[30]林师整.磁铁矿矿物化学、成因及演化的探讨[J].矿物学报,1982,2(3):166-174.
[31]段超,李延河,袁顺达,等.宁芜矿集区凹山铁矿床磁铁矿元素地球化学特征及其对成矿作用的制约[J].岩石学报.2012,28(1):243-257.
[32]Dupuis C,Beaudoin G.Discriminant diagrams for iron oxidetrace element fingerprinting of mineral deposit types[J].Mineralium Deposita,2011,46(4):319-335.
[33]Nadoll P,Angerer T,Mauk J L,et al.The chemistry of hydro-thermal magnetite:A review[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2014,61:1-32.
[34]真允庆,马丽华,李中生.鞍山式铁矿与邯邢式铁矿的可能联系[J].地球化学,1984,(4):71-80.
[35]翟德高,王建平,刘家军,等.成矿作用过程中赤铁矿-磁铁矿之间非氧化还原转变[J].地质论评,2010,56(6):801-808.
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