水性聚氨酯漆料干燥速率及漆膜性能影响规律研究
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摘要
以4种水性聚氨酯漆料为研究对象,系统研究了漆料和基材类型、涂饰工艺对水性漆表干、实干时间和漆膜硬度、附着力及耐磨性的影响规律。结果表明:漆料的表实干时间及漆膜性能很大程度受成膜树脂本身性能影响;基材影响漆料表实干时间、漆膜硬度和附着力,对漆膜耐磨性影响不大,漆料涂饰在樱桃木和水曲柳上的干燥速率最快,在樱桃木、沙比利和水曲柳上的硬度最佳,达2 H,在樱桃木、沙比利和红橡上的附着力最佳,达0级;涂饰工艺对漆料的表干、实干时间以及漆膜硬度、附着力、耐磨性的影响都不明显,3种工艺涂饰后漆膜硬度和附着力分别为2 H和0级,漆膜耐磨性差别不大。
Four kinds of waterborne polyurethane coatings were taken to study the influences of waterborne coatings, substrates and painting process on the surface drying time, hard drying time, hardness, adhesion and abrasion resistance of the coating film. The results show that the surface drying time and hard drying time of coatings and the hardness, adhesion and abrasion resistance of the coating film were greatly depended on the properties of waterborne coatings; The surface drying time and hard drying time of coatings and the hardness, adhesion of the coating film were influenced by substrate, but it had no obvious effect on the abrasion resistance of the coating film. The waterborne coatings finished on the surface of Prunus serotina Ehrh. and Fraxinus mandschurica wood had higher drying rate. After curing on the surface of P. serotina Ehrh., Entandrophragma cylindricum and F. mandschurica wood, the hardness of coating film reached to 2H. And the coating film on the surface of P. serotina Ehrh., E. cylindricum and Quercus rubra wood achieved to 0 degree; The effects of the painting process on the surface drying time and hard drying time of coatings and the hardness, adhesion and abrasion resistance of the coating film were not obvious. The hardness and adhesion of coating film for each painting process were same, which both were 2H and 0 degree, respectively. No significant difference was found for the abrasion resistance of the coating film between each painting process treatment.
Four kinds of waterborne polyurethane coatings were taken to study the influences of waterborne coatings, substrates and painting process on the surface drying time, hard drying time, hardness, adhesion and abrasion resistance of the coating film. The results show that the surface drying time and hard drying time of coatings and the hardness, adhesion and abrasion resistance of the coating film were greatly depended on the properties of waterborne coatings; The surface drying time and hard drying time of coatings and the hardness, adhesion of the coating film were influenced by substrate, but it had no obvious effect on the abrasion resistance of the coating film. The waterborne coatings finished on the surface of Prunus serotina Ehrh. and Fraxinus mandschurica wood had higher drying rate. After curing on the surface of P. serotina Ehrh., Entandrophragma cylindricum and F. mandschurica wood, the hardness of coating film reached to 2H. And the coating film on the surface of P. serotina Ehrh., E. cylindricum and Quercus rubra wood achieved to 0 degree; The effects of the painting process on the surface drying time and hard drying time of coatings and the hardness, adhesion and abrasion resistance of the coating film were not obvious. The hardness and adhesion of coating film for each painting process were same, which both were 2H and 0 degree, respectively. No significant difference was found for the abrasion resistance of the coating film between each painting process treatment.
引文
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[25]路则光,申利明,黄河浪,等.木器用水性涂料涂布量对漆膜耐磨性的影响[J].涂料工业,2007,37(3):56-58.
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[27]陈中华,刘冬丽,余飞.纳米氧化铝浆料制备及在水性木器漆中的应用[J].涂料工业,2009,39(2):54-58.
[28]孔霞,瞿金清,朱延安,等.聚氨酯丙烯酸水性木器涂料附着力影响因素的研究[J].涂料工业,2010,40(2):37-40.
[29]陈秀兰,申利明.木家具漆膜附着力的影响因素[J].木材加工机械,2006,17(5):38-41.
[30]钱磊,龙玲,徐建峰,等.改性纳米氧化锆对水性苯丙木器漆漆膜硬度及耐磨性的影响[J].木材工业,2015,29(6):14-17.
[31]常方圆,吴智慧.表面粗糙度对改性生漆漆膜质量的影响[J].家具,2016,37(2):10-16.
[32]陈秀兰,申利明,黄河浪,等.木家具基材表面粗糙度对水性封闭底漆漆膜附着力的影响[J].家具,2006(3):45-47.
[33]路则光,申利明,陈秀兰.表面粗糙度对水性涂料漆膜质量的影响[J].木材工业,2007,21(3):42-44.
[2]ZHANG J L,WU D M,YANG D Y,et al.Environmentally Friendly Polyurethane Composites:Preparation,Characterization and Mechanical Properties[J].Journal of Polymers&the Environment,2010,18(2):128-134.
[3]邵亚丽,沈隽,邓富介,等.表面涂饰对杨木强化材TVOC释放影响的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):114-121.
[4]SCRINZI E,ROSSI S,DEFLORIAN F,et al.Evaluation of aesthetic durability of waterborne polyurethane coatings applied on wood for interior applications[J].Progress in Organic Coatings,2011,72(1-2):81-87.
[5]陈小文,蒋建平,肖国钦.中国水性木器涂料的发展现状及今后10年的技术市场定位[J].中国涂料,2014,29(6):9-13.
[6]颜财彬,傅和青.水性聚氨酯的改性研究进展[J].化工进展,2011,30(12):2658-2664.
[7]蒋蓓蓓,杨建军,吴庆云,等.含氟水性聚氨酯制备工艺概述及其研究进展[J].涂料工业,2011,41(1):76-79.
[8]王小荣,沈一丁,赖小娟.室温交联水性聚氨酯施胶增强剂的合成及增强机理[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2012,28(3):25-28.
[9]陈永军,卿宁,赵燕,等.纳米二氧化硅改性水性聚氨酯分散液的制备与表征[J].涂料工业,2014,44(1):40-45.
[10]赵静,沈一丁,赖小娟.酮肼交联及硅烷偶联水性聚氨酯的成膜机理及其性能研究[J].高分子学报,2010,1(9):1122-1128.
[11]罗春晖,瞿金清,陈焕钦.水性聚氨酯的交联改性及其性能[J].高校化学工程学报,2009,23(4):650-654.
[12]JIANG X,KONG X Z,ZHU X,et al.Calculation of Grafting and Property Characterization in Polyurethane-Acrylic Hybrid Materials Prepared by Emulsion Process[J].Macromolecular Chemistry&Physics,2010,211(20):2201-2210.
[13]于家豪,徐建峰,朱卫东,等.无机纳米材料对水性木器漆耐磨性及硬度的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):121-126.
[14]LIU H,CUI S,SHANG S,et al.Properties of rosin-based waterborne polyurethanes/cellulose nanocrystals composites[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2013,96(2):510-515.
[15]WEN X,MI R,HUANG Y,et al.Crosslinked polyurethaneepoxy hybrid emulsion with core-shell structure[J].Journal of Coatings Technology&Research,2010,7(3):373-381.
[16]彭瑶,李克忠,刘德友,等.水性涂料成膜关键技术研究--以在家具中应用为例[J].家具与室内装饰,2016(4):64-65.
[17]陈秀兰.水性涂料应用于木家具涂饰工艺的研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2007.
[18]曹明,邱藤,段敏,等.水性木器涂料涂装过程中的近红外干燥研究[J].涂料工业,2012,42(9):69-73.
[19]申利明,路则光,陈秀兰.热空气温湿度对木器水性封闭底漆漆膜附着力的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(3):64-66.
[20]袁显永,霍东霞,王红英.高分子乳液的成膜理论研究现状[J].高分子通报,2006(8):64-69.
[21]宋飞,王小妹.水性聚氨酯的制备及其干燥速率和热稳定性的研究[J].聚氨酯工业,2006,21(5):25-28.
[22]邢会存,吴晓青,吴欣欣,等.水性聚氨酯干燥速率的影响因素及研究进展[J].中国胶粘剂,2015,24(2):49-52.
[23]陈红瑞,刘平,李华宁,等.降低水性涂料成膜温度方法探讨[J].天津科技,2014,41(6):12-13.
[24]刘方方,孙立明.聚合工艺和组成对苯丙乳液最低成膜温度的影响[J].中国胶粘剂,2000,9(2):27-29.
[25]路则光,申利明,黄河浪,等.木器用水性涂料涂布量对漆膜耐磨性的影响[J].涂料工业,2007,37(3):56-58.
[26]唐植贤,王君瑞,金瑛芝.如何提高单组分水性木器漆硬度及耐划伤性[J].涂料工业,2010,40(5):53-55.
[27]陈中华,刘冬丽,余飞.纳米氧化铝浆料制备及在水性木器漆中的应用[J].涂料工业,2009,39(2):54-58.
[28]孔霞,瞿金清,朱延安,等.聚氨酯丙烯酸水性木器涂料附着力影响因素的研究[J].涂料工业,2010,40(2):37-40.
[29]陈秀兰,申利明.木家具漆膜附着力的影响因素[J].木材加工机械,2006,17(5):38-41.
[30]钱磊,龙玲,徐建峰,等.改性纳米氧化锆对水性苯丙木器漆漆膜硬度及耐磨性的影响[J].木材工业,2015,29(6):14-17.
[31]常方圆,吴智慧.表面粗糙度对改性生漆漆膜质量的影响[J].家具,2016,37(2):10-16.
[32]陈秀兰,申利明,黄河浪,等.木家具基材表面粗糙度对水性封闭底漆漆膜附着力的影响[J].家具,2006(3):45-47.
[33]路则光,申利明,陈秀兰.表面粗糙度对水性涂料漆膜质量的影响[J].木材工业,2007,21(3):42-44.
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