增施生物质炭对镉污染土壤的修复效果研究
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摘要
为研究生物质炭对重金属镉(Cd)污染土壤的修复效果,以中烟100为供试材料,采用盆栽试验,设置3个生物质炭处理即10、20、40 g/kg,测定其对Cd污染土壤pH值、有机质含量、土壤有效态Cd含量及烟叶Cd含量的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,3个生物质炭处理均能显著提高根际土壤pH值和有机质含量,增幅分别为0.13%～2.67%和8.44%～46.88%;3个处理还显著降低了土壤有效态Cd含量和烟叶Cd含量,降幅分别为2.88%～16.29%和17.09%～27.62%,且各处理烟叶Cd含量大小顺序与土壤有效态Cd含量一致,即对照>10 g/kg处理>20 g/kg处理>40 g/kg处理。综上,增施生物质炭20、40 g/kg对Cd污染土壤修复效果较好。
In order to investigate the effects of application of biochar on remediation of Cd contaminated soil, taking tobacco cv. Zhongyan100 as material, we set three treatments in this pot experiment. They were 10 g/kg, 20 g/kg and 40 g/kg. The effects of biochar on soil pH, soil organic matter, soil available Cd and Cd content in tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that the three biochar treatments significantly increased the soil pH and the content of soil organic matter compared to the control, with the increase of 0.13%～2.67% and 8.44%～46.88% respectively. The three treatments also effectively decreased soil available Cd and Cd content in tobacco leaves, with the decrease of 2.88%～16.29% and 17.09%～27.62% respectively. Moreover, the order of Cd content in tobacco leaves in all treatments was as follows, the control >10 g/kg treatment >20 g/kg treatment >40 g/kg treatment. The order was consistent with that of the soil available Cd. In general, the effects of increasing application of 20 g/kg and 40 g/kg biochars on remediation of Cd contaminated soil were better.
In order to investigate the effects of application of biochar on remediation of Cd contaminated soil, taking tobacco cv. Zhongyan100 as material, we set three treatments in this pot experiment. They were 10 g/kg, 20 g/kg and 40 g/kg. The effects of biochar on soil pH, soil organic matter, soil available Cd and Cd content in tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that the three biochar treatments significantly increased the soil pH and the content of soil organic matter compared to the control, with the increase of 0.13%～2.67% and 8.44%～46.88% respectively. The three treatments also effectively decreased soil available Cd and Cd content in tobacco leaves, with the decrease of 2.88%～16.29% and 17.09%～27.62% respectively. Moreover, the order of Cd content in tobacco leaves in all treatments was as follows, the control >10 g/kg treatment >20 g/kg treatment >40 g/kg treatment. The order was consistent with that of the soil available Cd. In general, the effects of increasing application of 20 g/kg and 40 g/kg biochars on remediation of Cd contaminated soil were better.
引文
[1] 中华人民共和国环境保护部,国土资源部.全国土壤污染状况调查公报[R].北京:环境保护部,国土资源部,2014.
[2] 杨欣,陈江华,张艳玲.烟草对镉的吸收及控制措施研究综述[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(2):70-75.
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[4] Moulin N L,Zhang M,Gadani F L.Gritical review of the science and options for reducing cadmium in tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) and other plants[J].Advances in Agronomy,2004(83):111-180.
[5] 雷丽萍,陈世宝,夏振远,等.烟草对污染土壤中镉胁迫的响应机制及影响因素研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(4):87-93.
[6] 刘海伟,石屹,梁洪波.烟草和卷烟中重金属迁移分配的研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2013,15(2):153-158.
[7] Rosen K,Eriksson J,Vinichuk M.Uptake and translocation of 109 Cd and stable Cd within tobacco plants (Nicotiana sylvestris)[J].Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2012(113):16-20.
[8] 何声宝,刘楠,罗安娜,等.耐镉细菌不同配施方式对烟叶镉含量及品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(3):47-51.
[9] 潘文杰,姜超英,唐远驹,等.烤烟铅镉含量及其与环境的关系[J].土壤,2007,39(3):369-374.
[10] 曹心德,魏晓欣,代革联,等.土壤重金属复合污染及其化学钝化修复技术研究进展[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1441-1453.
[11] 徐露露,马友华,马铁铮,等.钝化剂对土壤重金属污染修复研究进展[J].农业资源与环境学报,2013,30(6):25-29.
[12] 张小凯,何丽芝,陆扣萍,等.生物质炭修复重金属及有机物污染土壤的研究进展[J].土壤,2013,45(6):970-977.
[13] 袁金华,徐仁扣.生物质炭的性质及其对土壤环境功能影响的研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(4):779-785.
[14] Sheng G Y,Yang Y N,Huang M S,et al.Influence of pH on pesticide sorption by soil containing wheat residue-derived char[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,134(3):457-463.
[15] 左静,陈德,郭虎,等.小麦秸秆生物质炭对旱地土壤铅镉有效性及小麦、玉米吸收的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(6):1133-1140.
[16] 周建斌,邓丛静,陈金林,等.棉秆炭对镉污染土壤的修复效果[J].生态环境,2008,17(5):1857-1860.
[17] 中华人民共和国生态环境部,国家市场监督管理总局.GB 15618—2018土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2018.
[18] 中华人民共和国农业农村部.NY/T 1121.6—2006 土壤检测第2部分:土壤pH的测定[S].北京:中华人民共和国农业农村部,2006.
[19] 中华人民共和国农业农村部.NY/T 1121.6—2006 土壤检测第6部分:土壤有机质的测定[S].北京:中华人民共和国农业农村部,2006.
[20] 王美,李书田,马义兵,等.长期不同施肥措施对土壤铜、锌、镉形态及生物有效性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(8):1500-1510.
[21] 国家烟草专卖局.烟草及烟草制品铬、镍、砷、硒、镉、铅的测定电感耦合等离子体质谱法:YC/T 380—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[22] 钟晓兰,周生路,黄明丽,等.土壤重金属的形态分布特征及其影响因素[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(4):1266-1273.
[23] 张会民,徐明岗,吕家珑,等.pH对土壤及其组分吸附和解吸镉的影响研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(S1):320-324.
[24] 尤方芳,赵铭钦,陈发元,等.生物炭与不同肥料配施对镉胁迫下烟株生长的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(3):489-495.
[25] 关天霞,何红波,张旭东,等.土壤中重金属元素形态分析方法及形态分布的影响因素[J].土壤通报,2011,42(2):503-512.
[26] 钟晓兰,周生路,李江涛,等.土壤有效态Cd、Cu、Pb的分布特征及影响因素研究[J].地理科学,2010,30(2):254-260.
[27] 张冬雪,丰来,罗志威,等.土壤重金属污染的微生物修复研究进展[J].江西农业学报,2017,29(8):62-67.
[28] 安梅,董丽,张磊,等.不同种类生物炭对土壤重金属镉铅形态分布的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(5):892-898.
[2] 杨欣,陈江华,张艳玲.烟草对镉的吸收及控制措施研究综述[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(2):70-75.
[3] Wu D,Landsberger S,Larson S M.Evaluation of elemental cadmium as a marker for environmental tobacco smoke[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1995,29(9):2311-2316.
[4] Moulin N L,Zhang M,Gadani F L.Gritical review of the science and options for reducing cadmium in tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) and other plants[J].Advances in Agronomy,2004(83):111-180.
[5] 雷丽萍,陈世宝,夏振远,等.烟草对污染土壤中镉胁迫的响应机制及影响因素研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(4):87-93.
[6] 刘海伟,石屹,梁洪波.烟草和卷烟中重金属迁移分配的研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2013,15(2):153-158.
[7] Rosen K,Eriksson J,Vinichuk M.Uptake and translocation of 109 Cd and stable Cd within tobacco plants (Nicotiana sylvestris)[J].Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2012(113):16-20.
[8] 何声宝,刘楠,罗安娜,等.耐镉细菌不同配施方式对烟叶镉含量及品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(3):47-51.
[9] 潘文杰,姜超英,唐远驹,等.烤烟铅镉含量及其与环境的关系[J].土壤,2007,39(3):369-374.
[10] 曹心德,魏晓欣,代革联,等.土壤重金属复合污染及其化学钝化修复技术研究进展[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1441-1453.
[11] 徐露露,马友华,马铁铮,等.钝化剂对土壤重金属污染修复研究进展[J].农业资源与环境学报,2013,30(6):25-29.
[12] 张小凯,何丽芝,陆扣萍,等.生物质炭修复重金属及有机物污染土壤的研究进展[J].土壤,2013,45(6):970-977.
[13] 袁金华,徐仁扣.生物质炭的性质及其对土壤环境功能影响的研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(4):779-785.
[14] Sheng G Y,Yang Y N,Huang M S,et al.Influence of pH on pesticide sorption by soil containing wheat residue-derived char[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,134(3):457-463.
[15] 左静,陈德,郭虎,等.小麦秸秆生物质炭对旱地土壤铅镉有效性及小麦、玉米吸收的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(6):1133-1140.
[16] 周建斌,邓丛静,陈金林,等.棉秆炭对镉污染土壤的修复效果[J].生态环境,2008,17(5):1857-1860.
[17] 中华人民共和国生态环境部,国家市场监督管理总局.GB 15618—2018土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2018.
[18] 中华人民共和国农业农村部.NY/T 1121.6—2006 土壤检测第2部分:土壤pH的测定[S].北京:中华人民共和国农业农村部,2006.
[19] 中华人民共和国农业农村部.NY/T 1121.6—2006 土壤检测第6部分:土壤有机质的测定[S].北京:中华人民共和国农业农村部,2006.
[20] 王美,李书田,马义兵,等.长期不同施肥措施对土壤铜、锌、镉形态及生物有效性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(8):1500-1510.
[21] 国家烟草专卖局.烟草及烟草制品铬、镍、砷、硒、镉、铅的测定电感耦合等离子体质谱法:YC/T 380—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[22] 钟晓兰,周生路,黄明丽,等.土壤重金属的形态分布特征及其影响因素[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(4):1266-1273.
[23] 张会民,徐明岗,吕家珑,等.pH对土壤及其组分吸附和解吸镉的影响研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(S1):320-324.
[24] 尤方芳,赵铭钦,陈发元,等.生物炭与不同肥料配施对镉胁迫下烟株生长的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(3):489-495.
[25] 关天霞,何红波,张旭东,等.土壤中重金属元素形态分析方法及形态分布的影响因素[J].土壤通报,2011,42(2):503-512.
[26] 钟晓兰,周生路,李江涛,等.土壤有效态Cd、Cu、Pb的分布特征及影响因素研究[J].地理科学,2010,30(2):254-260.
[27] 张冬雪,丰来,罗志威,等.土壤重金属污染的微生物修复研究进展[J].江西农业学报,2017,29(8):62-67.
[28] 安梅,董丽,张磊,等.不同种类生物炭对土壤重金属镉铅形态分布的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(5):892-898.
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