基于旋冲螺杆提速器的井下动力特性
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摘要
随着钻井深度的不断增加,在地层围压作用下岩石的硬度和强度均会明显增加,导致钻头破岩效率不高、寿命降低、钻井速度大幅下降等问题。基于旋冲螺杆原理设计了一种提速器,通过对提速器工作过程的力学分析,并结合钻具设计参数、工况参数以及相关力学计算方法,建立该提速器井下动力学模型,得到不同节点处的振动位移、振动速度以及系统的振动频谱图。通过实验研究,对比分析了冲击频率、冲击力测试结果与相关理论计算结果,验证相关理论计算与模型的正确性;并进行工具下井实验,根据现场实验数据及使用效果分析,验证了该提速器能够有效提高机械钻速。
With the increase of drilling depth,the hardness and strength of rocks are obviously increased under confining pressure of the formation,thus leading to a series of problems such as low rock-breaking efficiency,low life of bit and a drastic decrease of drilling speed.To solve these problems,a new-type actuator based on rotary screw is proposed in this study.Based on analyzing the mechanical relationship in the working process of new-type actuator as well as the design parameters of drilling tool,the working condition parameters and the related mechanics calculation method,the downhole dynamics analysis model of actuator is established to obtain the vibration displacement,vibration velocity at different nodes and the system vibration spectrum.According to the laboratory study of this tool,a comparative analysis has been conducted on the research results,including the test and theoretical calculation results of vibration frequency and impact,so as to verify the relevant theoretical calculation results and models.Furthermore,this study also carries out field tests of the tool;Using the field data and results,it is confirmed that this tool can improve the drilling efficiency effectively.
With the increase of drilling depth,the hardness and strength of rocks are obviously increased under confining pressure of the formation,thus leading to a series of problems such as low rock-breaking efficiency,low life of bit and a drastic decrease of drilling speed.To solve these problems,a new-type actuator based on rotary screw is proposed in this study.Based on analyzing the mechanical relationship in the working process of new-type actuator as well as the design parameters of drilling tool,the working condition parameters and the related mechanics calculation method,the downhole dynamics analysis model of actuator is established to obtain the vibration displacement,vibration velocity at different nodes and the system vibration spectrum.According to the laboratory study of this tool,a comparative analysis has been conducted on the research results,including the test and theoretical calculation results of vibration frequency and impact,so as to verify the relevant theoretical calculation results and models.Furthermore,this study also carries out field tests of the tool;Using the field data and results,it is confirmed that this tool can improve the drilling efficiency effectively.
引文
[1] TIAN Jialin,YANG Zhi,LI You,et al.Vibration analysis of new drill string system with hydro-oscillator in horizontal well[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2016,30(6):2443-2451.
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[11]况雨春,罗金武,王利,等.抽吸式微取心PDC钻头的研究与应用[J].石油学报,2017,38(9):1073-1081.KUANG Yuchun,LUO Jinwu,WANG Li,et al.Research and application of suction-type micro coring PDC drill bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(9):1073-1081.
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[13] TIAN Jialin,LI Jurui,CHENG Wenming,et al.Working mechanism and rock-breaking characteristics of coring drill bit[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2018,162:348-357.
[14] TIAN Jialin,LIU Gang,YANG Lin,et al.The wear analysis model and rock-breaking mechanism of a new embedded polycrystalline diamond compact[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2017,231(22):4241-4249.
[15] TIAN Jialin,HU Shuhui,LI You,et al.Vibration characteristics analysis and experimental study of new drilling oscillator[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2016,8(6):1-10.
[16]李子丰,王长进,田伟超,等.钻柱力学三原理及定性模拟实验[J].石油学报,2017,38(2):227-233.LI Zifeng,WANG Changjin,TIAN Weichao,et al.Three principles of drill string mechanics and qualitative simulation experiments[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(2):227-233.
[17] TIAN Jialin,ZHANG Tangjia,DAI Liming,et al.Dynamic characteristics and test analysis of a new drilling downhole tool with anti-stick-slip features[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2018,32(10):4941-4949.
[18] TIAN Jialin,YUAN Changfu,YANG Lin,et al.The vibration analysis model of pipeline under the action of gas pressure pulsation coupling[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2016,66:328-340.
[19]张鹤,狄勤丰,覃光煦,等.预弯底部钻具组合横向振动响应的快速求解[J].石油学报,2017,38(12):1441-1447.ZHANG He,DI Qinfeng,QIN Guangxu,et al.Quick solution method for lateral vibration response of Pre-bent bottom-hole assembly[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(12):1441-1447.
[20] TIAN Jialin,YANG Yinglin,YANG Lin.Vibration characteristics analysis and experimental study of horizontal drill string with wellbore random friction force[J].Archive of Applied Mechanics,2017,87(9):1439-1451.
[21] GHASEMLOONIA A,RIDEOUT D G,BUTT S D.A review of drillstring vibration modeling and suppression methods[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2015,131:150-164.
[22]吴泽兵,马德坤,况雨春.钻柱纵向振动仿真分析[J].石油学报,2000,21(3):73-76.WU Zebing,MA Dekun,KUANG Yuchun.Simulation of drill string’s longitudinal vibration[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(3):73-76.
[23] TIAN Jialin,WU Chunming,YANG Lin,et al.Mathematical modeling and analysis of drill string longitudinal vibration with lateral inertia effect[J].Shock and Vibration,2016,2016:6281264.
[24] RITTO T G,SAMPAIO R,Rochinha F A.Model uncertainties of flexible structures vibrations induced by internal flows[J].Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering,2011,33(3):373-380.
[25] DEPOUHON A,DETOURNAY E.Instability regimes and selfexcited vibrations in deep drilling systems[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2014,333(7):2019-2039.
[26] FRANCA L F P.Drilling action of roller-cone bits:modeling and experimental validation[J].Journal of Energy Resources Technology,2010,132(4):043101.
[2] TIAN Jialin,YUAN Changfu,YANG Lin,et al.Rock-breaking analysis model of new drill bit with tornado-like bottomhole model[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2015,29(4):1745-1752.
[3]毕刚,李根生,屈展,等.自进式旋转射流钻头破岩效果[J].石油学报,2016,37(5):680-687.BI Gang,LI Gensheng,QU Zhan,et al.Rock breaking efficiency of the self-propelled swirling jet bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(5):680-687.
[4]陶兴华.冲击回转钻井技术的现状及发展方向[J].钻采工艺,1996,19(1):10-12.TAO Xinghua.Current status and development direction of impact rotary drilling technology[J].Drilling&Production Technology,1996,19(1):10-12.
[5] TIAN Jialin,FU Chuanhong,YANG Lin,et al.The wear analysis model of drill bit cutting element with torsion vibration[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2014,7(1):254026.
[6] FRANCA L F P.A bit-rock interaction model for rotary-percussive drilling[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2011,48(5):827-835.
[7]王克雄,翟应虎,蔡镜仑.射流式冲击器在小井眼钻井中的应用前景[J].钻采工艺,1996,19(1):46-48.WANG Kexiong,DI Yinghu,CAI Jinglun.Application prospect of jet impactor in slimhole drilling[J].Drilling&Production Technology,1996,19(1):46-48.
[8] GEE R,HANLEY C,HUSSAIN R,et al.Axial oscillation tools vs.lateral vibration tools for friction reduction-what's the best way to shake the pipe?[R].SPE173024,2015.
[9] VON GYNZ-REKOWSKI G H,WILLIAMS M V,KOENIG R,et al.Up drill apparatus and method:USA,20160108677[P].2016-04-21.
[10]李子丰.油气井杆管柱力学研究进展与争论[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):531-556.LI Zifeng.Research advances and debates on tubular mechanics in oil and gas wells[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):531-556.
[11]况雨春,罗金武,王利,等.抽吸式微取心PDC钻头的研究与应用[J].石油学报,2017,38(9):1073-1081.KUANG Yuchun,LUO Jinwu,WANG Li,et al.Research and application of suction-type micro coring PDC drill bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(9):1073-1081.
[12] TIAN Jialin,YANG Yinglin,DAI Liming,et al.Kinetic characteristics analysis of a new torsional oscillator based on impulse response[J].Archive of Applied Mechanics,2018,88(10):1877-1891.
[13] TIAN Jialin,LI Jurui,CHENG Wenming,et al.Working mechanism and rock-breaking characteristics of coring drill bit[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2018,162:348-357.
[14] TIAN Jialin,LIU Gang,YANG Lin,et al.The wear analysis model and rock-breaking mechanism of a new embedded polycrystalline diamond compact[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2017,231(22):4241-4249.
[15] TIAN Jialin,HU Shuhui,LI You,et al.Vibration characteristics analysis and experimental study of new drilling oscillator[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2016,8(6):1-10.
[16]李子丰,王长进,田伟超,等.钻柱力学三原理及定性模拟实验[J].石油学报,2017,38(2):227-233.LI Zifeng,WANG Changjin,TIAN Weichao,et al.Three principles of drill string mechanics and qualitative simulation experiments[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(2):227-233.
[17] TIAN Jialin,ZHANG Tangjia,DAI Liming,et al.Dynamic characteristics and test analysis of a new drilling downhole tool with anti-stick-slip features[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2018,32(10):4941-4949.
[18] TIAN Jialin,YUAN Changfu,YANG Lin,et al.The vibration analysis model of pipeline under the action of gas pressure pulsation coupling[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2016,66:328-340.
[19]张鹤,狄勤丰,覃光煦,等.预弯底部钻具组合横向振动响应的快速求解[J].石油学报,2017,38(12):1441-1447.ZHANG He,DI Qinfeng,QIN Guangxu,et al.Quick solution method for lateral vibration response of Pre-bent bottom-hole assembly[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(12):1441-1447.
[20] TIAN Jialin,YANG Yinglin,YANG Lin.Vibration characteristics analysis and experimental study of horizontal drill string with wellbore random friction force[J].Archive of Applied Mechanics,2017,87(9):1439-1451.
[21] GHASEMLOONIA A,RIDEOUT D G,BUTT S D.A review of drillstring vibration modeling and suppression methods[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2015,131:150-164.
[22]吴泽兵,马德坤,况雨春.钻柱纵向振动仿真分析[J].石油学报,2000,21(3):73-76.WU Zebing,MA Dekun,KUANG Yuchun.Simulation of drill string’s longitudinal vibration[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(3):73-76.
[23] TIAN Jialin,WU Chunming,YANG Lin,et al.Mathematical modeling and analysis of drill string longitudinal vibration with lateral inertia effect[J].Shock and Vibration,2016,2016:6281264.
[24] RITTO T G,SAMPAIO R,Rochinha F A.Model uncertainties of flexible structures vibrations induced by internal flows[J].Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering,2011,33(3):373-380.
[25] DEPOUHON A,DETOURNAY E.Instability regimes and selfexcited vibrations in deep drilling systems[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2014,333(7):2019-2039.
[26] FRANCA L F P.Drilling action of roller-cone bits:modeling and experimental validation[J].Journal of Energy Resources Technology,2010,132(4):043101.
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