渤海海域黄河口南斜坡火山岩地层划分及意义
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摘要
渤海海域黄河口南斜坡新生代火山岩规模大,喷发期次多,非均质性强,地震反射杂乱,地层划分对比难度大。为了厘定渤海海域黄河口南斜坡火山岩系地层层位,对研究区火山岩的岩石学特征及火山岩系夹层中的化石展开系统研究。薄片分析结果表明,渤海海域黄河口南斜坡火山岩主要分为火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩两大类,其中火山熔岩主要有杏仁状玄武岩、气孔玄武岩、致密玄武岩、辉绿岩以及角砾熔岩四种,火山碎屑岩以凝灰岩为主。结合渤海海域黄河口南斜坡火山岩中常见铁方解石、沸石、绿泥石等热水沉积矿物、部分玄武岩保存有淬碎结构、氧化系数(Fe_2O_3/FeO)低以及火山岩与黑色泥岩互层等四方面,证据证实研究区部分火山岩具有水下喷发特征。渤海海域黄河口南斜坡火山岩系夹层中发现了丰富的介形虫、藻类和孢粉化石,指示火山岩系上段为东营组二段沉积,火山岩系下段主体为东营组三段。根据化石的层位指示意义,明确黄河口南斜坡东营组三段沉积时期物源主要来自莱北低凸起的中生界和沙河街组一段地层。通过化石的古环境指示意义,对这套地层的形成过程进行恢复。这套地层层位的落实对明确黄河口南斜坡新生代油气成藏规律具有重要意义。
The Cenozoic volcanic stratigraphic sequence on the south slope of Huanghekou sag, Bohai Sea is characterized by the large scale, multi-eruption, strong heterogeneity and desultory seismic reflection. Lithologic characteristics and the microfossils in the sequence are analyzed. According to the thin sections, the volcanic rocks can be classified into volcanic lava and pyroclastic rock. The volcanic lava includes amygdaloidal basalt, vesicular basalt, tight basalts, diabase and breccia lava, whereas the pyroclastic rock is mainly composed of the tuffs. Four lines of evidence confirm that part of the volcanic rocks in the south slope of Huanghekou sag are subaqueous volcanic rocks. The evidence are as follows:(1) hydrothermal sedimentary minerals are widespread, such as iron calcite, zeolite, chlorite;(2) quench textures occurs in some basalts;(3) oxidation index(Fe_2O_3/FeO) is low; and(4) volcanic rocks are interbedded with the black mudstone. Abundant microfossils including ostracods, sporopollens and algae in the interbedded mudstone indicate that the upper of volcanic rock sequence belongs to the second member of the Dongying Formation and the lower part is the third member of the Dongying Formation. The microfossils also suggest that the sediments of the south slope of Huanghekou sag were from the Mesozoic rocks and the first member of Shahejie Formation in Laibei low uplift during the depositional period of the third member of the Dongying Formation. In addition, the palaeoenvironment significance of the microfossils was discussed. The present study provides important data for evaluating the Cenozoic hydrocarbon resources in the southern slope of Huanghekou sag.
The Cenozoic volcanic stratigraphic sequence on the south slope of Huanghekou sag, Bohai Sea is characterized by the large scale, multi-eruption, strong heterogeneity and desultory seismic reflection. Lithologic characteristics and the microfossils in the sequence are analyzed. According to the thin sections, the volcanic rocks can be classified into volcanic lava and pyroclastic rock. The volcanic lava includes amygdaloidal basalt, vesicular basalt, tight basalts, diabase and breccia lava, whereas the pyroclastic rock is mainly composed of the tuffs. Four lines of evidence confirm that part of the volcanic rocks in the south slope of Huanghekou sag are subaqueous volcanic rocks. The evidence are as follows:(1) hydrothermal sedimentary minerals are widespread, such as iron calcite, zeolite, chlorite;(2) quench textures occurs in some basalts;(3) oxidation index(Fe_2O_3/FeO) is low; and(4) volcanic rocks are interbedded with the black mudstone. Abundant microfossils including ostracods, sporopollens and algae in the interbedded mudstone indicate that the upper of volcanic rock sequence belongs to the second member of the Dongying Formation and the lower part is the third member of the Dongying Formation. The microfossils also suggest that the sediments of the south slope of Huanghekou sag were from the Mesozoic rocks and the first member of Shahejie Formation in Laibei low uplift during the depositional period of the third member of the Dongying Formation. In addition, the palaeoenvironment significance of the microfossils was discussed. The present study provides important data for evaluating the Cenozoic hydrocarbon resources in the southern slope of Huanghekou sag.
引文
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郭沫贞,寿建峰,徐洋,郭华军,邹志文,韩守华.2016.准噶尔盆地中拐-西北缘地区二叠系沸石胶结物分布与控制因素.石油学报,37(6):695-705.
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潘文静,王清斌,刘士磊,冯冲,田德瑞.2017.渤海海域石臼坨地区古近系沙河街组湖相生屑白云岩成因.古地理学报,19(5):835-848.
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钟大康,姜振昌,郭强,孙海涛.2015b.热水沉积作用的研究历史、现状及展望.古地理学报,17(3):285-296.
朱红涛,刘依梦,王永利,周心怀,杨香华.2014.渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷BZ34-9区带火山岩三维刻画及火山喷发期次.地球科学(中国地质大学学报),39(9):1309-1316.
Mango F D.1992.Transition metal catalysis in the generation of petroleum and natural gas.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,56(10):3851-3854.
Mueller W U&Mortensen J K.2002.Age constraints and characteristics of subaqueous volcanic construction,the Archean Hunter Mine Group,Abitibi greenstone belt.Precambrian Research,115(1-4):119-152.
Simoneit B R T,Kawka O E&Brault M.1988.Origin of gases and condensates in the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal system(Gulf of California).Chemical Geology,71(1):169-182.
郭颖,王粤川,韦阿娟,吴昊明,叶涛,高坤顺,曾金昌.2017.潜山内幕火山岩储层特征及控制因素--以渤海海域秦皇岛30A地区白垩系为例.沉积学报,35(2):343-357.
郭沫贞,寿建峰,徐洋,郭华军,邹志文,韩守华.2016.准噶尔盆地中拐-西北缘地区二叠系沸石胶结物分布与控制因素.石油学报,37(6):695-705.
刘士磊,王启飞,龚莹杰,张若祥,冯志平,杨宁,童萍.2012.渤海海域古近纪微体化石组合特征及油气勘探意义.地层学杂志,36(4):700-709.
潘文静,王清斌,刘士磊,冯冲,田德瑞.2017.渤海海域石臼坨地区古近系沙河街组湖相生屑白云岩成因.古地理学报,19(5):835-848.
肖荣阁,张汉城,陈卉泉,张宗恒.2001.热水沉积岩及矿物岩石标志.地学前缘,8(4):379-385.
钟大康,姜振昌,郭强,孙海涛,杨喆.2015a.内蒙古二连盆地白音查干凹陷热水沉积白云岩的发现及其地质与矿产意义.石油与天然气地质,36(4):587-595.
钟大康,姜振昌,郭强,孙海涛.2015b.热水沉积作用的研究历史、现状及展望.古地理学报,17(3):285-296.
朱红涛,刘依梦,王永利,周心怀,杨香华.2014.渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷BZ34-9区带火山岩三维刻画及火山喷发期次.地球科学(中国地质大学学报),39(9):1309-1316.
Mango F D.1992.Transition metal catalysis in the generation of petroleum and natural gas.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,56(10):3851-3854.
Mueller W U&Mortensen J K.2002.Age constraints and characteristics of subaqueous volcanic construction,the Archean Hunter Mine Group,Abitibi greenstone belt.Precambrian Research,115(1-4):119-152.
Simoneit B R T,Kawka O E&Brault M.1988.Origin of gases and condensates in the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal system(Gulf of California).Chemical Geology,71(1):169-182.
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