林西—乌兰浩特地区铀成矿多源信息分析与成矿预测
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摘要
林西—乌兰浩特地区位于大兴安岭铀成矿省中南段,构造岩浆活动强烈,铀成矿地质条件优越。限于植被发育、覆盖厚等因素制约,单一勘查手段难以满足当前深部找矿的需求。在成矿条件及控矿因素分析的基础上,综合航放、航磁、地球化学、遥感等多源信息,构建了火山岩型铀矿综合找矿模型。利用地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析功能,提取了多源找矿信息,采用证据权重法开展铀矿定量预测,优选了与成矿密切相关的16个证据层。其中上侏罗统满克头鄂博组为主要赋矿地层;晚侏罗世—早白垩世潜火山岩与成矿关系密切; NE-NNE向断裂控矿作用显著,铀矿化多发育在断裂密集带及交切带;航放参数异常(U高场、F高值晕、U/K高值晕、Hu低值晕)、化探异常(Mo、Ag、Pb、W、Sn)及遥感蚀变异常(铁染异常、羟基异常)对铀矿化指示作用明显。依据证据权重法确定的后验概率圈定成矿远景区18处,覆盖了区内多数铀矿床(点),表明预测结果较为可靠,其中7处成矿远景区内尚未发现铀矿床(点),其成矿地质条件优越,找矿线索丰富,找矿前景较好,对进一步找矿具有一定的指导意义。
Located in the south-central part of Da Hinggan Mountains uranium metallogenic province,Linxi-Ulanhot area is characterized by strong tectonic magmatic activity and favorable geological conditions for uranium mineralization. Limited by such factors as vegetation development and thick cover,it is difficult for the single exploration method to meet the demand of the current deep prospecting.Based on the analysis of ore-forming conditions and ore-controlling factors,the authors constructed a comprehensive volcanic-type uranium ore comprehensive prospecting model by integrating such pieces of multivariate information as airborne radioactivity,aeromagnetic survey,geochemistry and remote sensing. Using spatial analysis function of the geographic information system( GIS),the authors extracted the multivariate prospecting information,carried out quantitative prognosis for uranium ore by evidence weighting method,and selected 16 evidence layers closely related to mineralization. Among them,the Upper Jurassic Manketouebo Formation is the main orebearing strata,the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous subvolcanic rocks are closely related to ore formation,the ore-controlling effect of NE-NNE trending fracture is significant,and uranium mineralization is mostly developed in the fault-dense zone and the intersection zone. Such anomalies as airborne radioactive anomalies( U high field,F high value halo,U/K high value halo,Hu low value halo),geochemical anomalies( Mo,Ag,Pb,W,Sn) and remote sensing alterations( Iron alteration,hydroxy alteration) play important roles in the indication of volcanic uranium mineralization. According to the posterior probability determined by the evidence weight method,18 prospective areas were delineated,covering most uranium deposits( ore spots) in the area,indicating that the prediction results are reliable. In seven of them,uranium deposits( ore spots) were found for the first time. All these places have excellent metallogenic geological conditions,rich prospecting clues and good prospecting prospects,and the results obtained by the authors have certain guiding significance for further prospecting.
Located in the south-central part of Da Hinggan Mountains uranium metallogenic province,Linxi-Ulanhot area is characterized by strong tectonic magmatic activity and favorable geological conditions for uranium mineralization. Limited by such factors as vegetation development and thick cover,it is difficult for the single exploration method to meet the demand of the current deep prospecting.Based on the analysis of ore-forming conditions and ore-controlling factors,the authors constructed a comprehensive volcanic-type uranium ore comprehensive prospecting model by integrating such pieces of multivariate information as airborne radioactivity,aeromagnetic survey,geochemistry and remote sensing. Using spatial analysis function of the geographic information system( GIS),the authors extracted the multivariate prospecting information,carried out quantitative prognosis for uranium ore by evidence weighting method,and selected 16 evidence layers closely related to mineralization. Among them,the Upper Jurassic Manketouebo Formation is the main orebearing strata,the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous subvolcanic rocks are closely related to ore formation,the ore-controlling effect of NE-NNE trending fracture is significant,and uranium mineralization is mostly developed in the fault-dense zone and the intersection zone. Such anomalies as airborne radioactive anomalies( U high field,F high value halo,U/K high value halo,Hu low value halo),geochemical anomalies( Mo,Ag,Pb,W,Sn) and remote sensing alterations( Iron alteration,hydroxy alteration) play important roles in the indication of volcanic uranium mineralization. According to the posterior probability determined by the evidence weight method,18 prospective areas were delineated,covering most uranium deposits( ore spots) in the area,indicating that the prediction results are reliable. In seven of them,uranium deposits( ore spots) were found for the first time. All these places have excellent metallogenic geological conditions,rich prospecting clues and good prospecting prospects,and the results obtained by the authors have certain guiding significance for further prospecting.
引文
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[2]张恩,李名松,汪冰,等.基于GIS的证据权重法在小兴安岭北段金成矿预测中的应用[J].物探与化探,2015,39(4):756-761.Zhang E,Li M S,Wang B,et al. The application of GIS evidence weight method to the gold metallogenic prognosis in the northern part of the Xiao Hinggan Mountains[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2015,39(4):756-761.
[3]孔旭,密文天,莫雄,等.基于MRAS证据权重法的湖南怀化地区金矿成矿预测[J].物探与化探,2016,40(3):467-474.Kong X,Mi W T,Mo X,et al. Metallogenic prediction of gold deposits with weighting of evidence based on MRAS in Huaihua area,Hunan Province[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2016,40(3):467-474.
[4]池顺都,周顺平,吴新林.GIS支持下的地质异常分析及金属矿产经验预测[J].地球科学,1997,22(1):99-103.Chi S D,Zhou S P,Wu X L.Geological anomaly analysis and experience prognosis of metallic mineral under GIS[J].Earth Science,1997,22(1):99-103.
[5]张恩,汪冰,王瑞军,等.基于MORPAS的证据权重法在沽源盆地铀成矿预测中的应用[J].地质找矿论丛,2013,28(4):540-545.Zhang E,Wang B,Wang R J,et al. An application of MORPASbased weight evidence method to uranium metallogentic prognosis in Guyuan basin[J]. Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,2013,28(4):540-545.
[6]陈金声,吴现兴.基于MORPAS的证据权重法在百顺地区铀成矿预测中的应用[J].铀矿地质,2011,27(5):302-308,320.Chen J S,Wu X X.An application of weight evidence method with MORPAS to uranium metallogentic prognosis in Baishun area[J].Uranium Geology,2011,27(5):302-308,320.
[7]吴现兴,李冬玉,陈金声,等.基于MORPAS空间分析分模块的铀矿找矿有利度分析———以百顺地区为例[J].化工矿产地质,2010,32(3):226-231.Wu X X,Li D Y,Chen J S,et al. Ore-finding beneficial degree analysis of uranium based on spatial analysis modules of MORPAS system in Take Baishun area as example[J]. GEOLOGY OF CHEMICAL MINERALS,2010,32(3):226-231.
[8]张琪,王建国,李必红,等.基于GIS的证据权重法在铀成矿远景预测中的应用———以内蒙古巴音戈壁盆地为例[J].世界核地质科学,2012,29(1):41-46.Zhang Q,Wang J G,Li B H,et al.Application of GIS based on evidence weighting method to the evaluation of uranium metallogenic target areas:A case study of Bayingebi Basin in Inner Mongolia[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2012,29(1):41-46.
[9]曹翠,吴虹,黄晓娟,等.基于RS&GIS的证据权重法在花山岩体铀矿成矿预测中的应用[J].桂林理工大学学报,2012,32(2):162-168.Cao C,Wu H,Huang X J,et al. Application of evidence weights method based on RS&GIS for prospecting uraniumin mines in Huashan granite body,Guangxi[J]. Journal of Guilin University of Technology,2012,32(2):162-168.
[10] Scott M,Dimitrakopoulos R. Quantitative analysis of mineral resources for strategic planning:implications for Australian geological surveys[J].Natural Resource Research,2001,10(3):159-177.
[11]全旭东,王永军,汪冰,等.基于GIS的人工网络模型在铀成矿预测中的应用———以塔里木盆地北缘为例[J].铀矿地质,2013,29(6):374-379.Quan X D,Wang Y J,Wang B,et al.Application of ANN and GIS in uranium metallization prediction:A case study of northern Tarim basin[J].Uranium Geology,2013,29(6):374-379.
[12] Boleneus D E,Raines G L,Causey J D,et al.Assessment method for epithermal gold deposits in Northeast Washington State using weights of evidence GIS modeling[R]. Open File Report 01-501,Reston:USGS,2001:1-42.
[13]李堃,胡光道,段其发,等.基于MORPAS平台特征分析法的成矿远景区预测———以个旧西区锡多金属矿为例[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(4):65-70.Li K,Hu G D,Duan Q F,et al.Application of characteristic analysis in metallogenic prediction based on MORPAS:A case study of western Gejiu Tin polymetallic deposit,Yunnan Province[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information,2009,28(4):65-70.
[14]刘世翔,薛林福,郄瑞卿,等.基于GIS的证据权重法在黑龙江省西北部金矿成矿预测中的应用[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(5):889-894.Liu S X,Xue L F,Qie R Q,et al. An application of GIS based weights of evidence for gold prospecting in the northwest of Heilongjiang Province[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2007,37(5):889-894.
[15]李随民,姚书振,韩玉丑,等.证据权重法在张家口地区铅锌银富集区定量评价中的应用[J].矿床地质,2008,27(5):647-654.Li S M,Yao S Z,Han Y C,et al.Application of weights of evidence method to quantitative prognosis and evaluation of mineral resources in Zhangjiakou area,Hebei Province[J].Mineral Deposits,2008,27(5):647-654.
[16]魏冠军,党亚民,章传银,等.GIS的信息量法在澜沧老厂成矿预测中的应用[J].测绘科学,2010,35(6):217-218.Wei G J,Dang Y M,Zhang C Y,et al.Application of GIS based information method to minor prediction in Lancang Laochang[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2010,35(6):217-218.
[17]刘庆,李占春,于振清,等.大兴安岭中南段铀及多金属成矿远景预测及找矿靶区优选项目成果报告[R].赤峰:核工业二四三大队,2011,12-18.Liu Q,Li Z C,Yu Z Q,et al.Report on the results of the project of uranium and polymetallic metallogenic prospecting and target selection in the middle south section of Daxing'an Mountains[R].Chifeng:Geologic Party of No.243,2011,12-18.
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