金沙向斜龙潭组“三史”模拟与煤层气富集规律
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摘要
为了明确上二叠统龙潭组成熟演化的经过和煤层气的富集规律,以黔北地区金沙向斜龙潭组煤层为研究对象,基于区域构造、地质演化史和XC-1井煤层测试数据,结合Easy%Ro模拟技术对XC-1井进行埋藏史恢复,分析了龙潭组受热演化史和生烃史,指出了金沙向斜龙潭组煤层气富集的主要控制因素,研究结果表明:①金沙向斜的煤层埋藏—受热—演化—生烃史主要划分为3个阶段,可简述为受到深成变质作用开始煤化至瘦煤,后叠加岩浆热变质作用演化至无烟煤,最后抬升冷却的过程。距今225～145 Ma是煤层气生烃高峰期;②金沙向斜煤层气保存条件整体较好;③金沙向斜煤层气的成藏经历了沉积深成变质快速生气期、抬升岩浆受热持续生气期、抬升定型保存期3个阶段的演化过程,其中,沉积深成变质快速生气期为煤层气富集的主要阶段;④沉积相以海陆交互相龙潭组的潟湖—泥炭沼泽亚相煤层发育最稳定,抬升定型保存期决定了煤层气的最终保存条件,向斜构造中的平缓构造带更有利于煤层气的保存。结论认为,该研究结果可为金沙向斜煤层气的开发提供依据。
In order to figure out the evolution history and accumulation laws of coalbed methane(CBM) in Longtan Formation, this study took the Upper Permian Longtan Formation, Jinsha syncline of northern Guizhou Province,as an example. Based on regional structure, geological evolution history, and test data, the burial history of XC-1 well was rebuilt by means of Easy%Ro simulation. Then, the thermal evolution and hydrocarbon-generating history of Longtan Formation were analyzed. Finally, the main factors affecting CBM accumulation were pointed out. Results show that(1) the burial, evolution, and hydrocarbon-generating history of coal strata can be mainly divided into 3 periods. In the first period, it was carbonized into lean coal under plutonic metamorphism. In the second period, combined with magma thermometamorphism, it was evolved into anthracite coal. And in the third period, it experienced uplift and cooling. CBM-generating peak was in 225-145 Ma;(2) CBM preservation conditions in this syncline are overall better;(3) reservoir-forming process of CBM in Jinsha syncline can be divided into 3 stages, i.e., the sedimentary plutonic metamorphism and fast CBM generation, the uplift and continuous CBM generation of magma under thermal effect, and the uplift, shape finalization, and preservation. Among which, one stage of sedimentary plutonic metamorphism and fast CBM generation is the main one for accumulation; and(4) from the point of sedimentary facies,coal strata in lagoon-peat swamp subfacies of continental-marine-alternating facies in Longtan Formation are developed most stably. However, the uplift, shape finalization, and preservation stage dominates final CBM preservation,and gentle structural belts are more favorable for CBM preservation.
In order to figure out the evolution history and accumulation laws of coalbed methane(CBM) in Longtan Formation, this study took the Upper Permian Longtan Formation, Jinsha syncline of northern Guizhou Province,as an example. Based on regional structure, geological evolution history, and test data, the burial history of XC-1 well was rebuilt by means of Easy%Ro simulation. Then, the thermal evolution and hydrocarbon-generating history of Longtan Formation were analyzed. Finally, the main factors affecting CBM accumulation were pointed out. Results show that(1) the burial, evolution, and hydrocarbon-generating history of coal strata can be mainly divided into 3 periods. In the first period, it was carbonized into lean coal under plutonic metamorphism. In the second period, combined with magma thermometamorphism, it was evolved into anthracite coal. And in the third period, it experienced uplift and cooling. CBM-generating peak was in 225-145 Ma;(2) CBM preservation conditions in this syncline are overall better;(3) reservoir-forming process of CBM in Jinsha syncline can be divided into 3 stages, i.e., the sedimentary plutonic metamorphism and fast CBM generation, the uplift and continuous CBM generation of magma under thermal effect, and the uplift, shape finalization, and preservation. Among which, one stage of sedimentary plutonic metamorphism and fast CBM generation is the main one for accumulation; and(4) from the point of sedimentary facies,coal strata in lagoon-peat swamp subfacies of continental-marine-alternating facies in Longtan Formation are developed most stably. However, the uplift, shape finalization, and preservation stage dominates final CBM preservation,and gentle structural belts are more favorable for CBM preservation.
引文
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[10]王红岩，张建博，李景明，等.中国煤层气富集成藏规律[J].天然气工业，2004(5):11-13,144.Wang Hongyan,Zhang Jianbo,Li Jingming,et al.Enrichment and Reservoiring Laws of the Coalbed Methane in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004(5):11-13,144.
[11]杨剑波.官田坝向斜煤层气资源及赋存影响因素分析[J].天然气技术与经济，2016,10(3):31-34.Yang Jianbo.Analysis of CBM Resources and Occurrence Influencing Factors in Guantianba Syncline[J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2016,10(3):31-34.
[2]赵泽恒，周建平，张桂权.黔中隆起及周缘地区油气成藏规律探讨[J].天然气勘探与开发，2008,31(2):1-7,76.Zhao Zeheng,Zhou Jianping,Zhang Guiquan.Oil and Gas Reservoir-Forming Laws in the Central-Guizhou Uplift and Its Circumferential Areas[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2008,31(2):1-7,76.
[3]李凯，易旺.贵州省盘县地区龙潭组沉积特征及展布规律[J].天然气技术与经济，2019,13(2):21-24,61.Li Kai,Yi Wang.Sedimentary Characteristics and Distribution Laws of Longtan Group in Pan County,Guizhou[J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2019,13(2):21-24,61.
[4]刘进，冯常茂，牛新生.贵州上二叠统含煤岩系煤级分布的成因分析[J].煤炭科学技术，2007,35(11):101-103.Liu Jin,Feng Changmao,Niu Xinsheng.Cause Analysis on Coal Classification Distribution of Coal Bearing Strata in Up Permian Series of Guizhou Province[J].Coal Science and Technology,2007,35(11):101-103.
[5]戴传固，王敏，陈建书，等.贵州构造运动特征及其地质意义[J].贵州地质，2013,32(2):119-124.Dai Chuangu,Wang Min,Chen Jianshu,et al.Tectonic Movement Characteristic and Its Geological Significance of Guizhou[J].Guizhou Geology,2013,32(2):119-124.
[6]罗开平，刘光祥，王津义.黔中隆起金沙地区中新生代隆升剥蚀的裂变径迹分析[J].海相油气地质，2009,14(1):61-64.Luo Kaiping,Liu Guangxiang,Wang Jinyi.Fission Track Analysis of Meso-Cenozoic Uplift and Denudation in Jinsha Area,the Qianzhong Uplift[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2009,14(1):61-64.
[7]傅雪海，秦勇，韦重韬.煤层气地质学[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社，2007.Fu Xuehai,Qin Yong,Wei Chongtao.Coalbed methane geology[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2007.
[8]刘彦良，杨坤光，邓新.镇远-贵阳断裂带活动历史及其对黔中隆起演化的制约[J].地质科技情报，2009,28(3):41-47.Liu Yanliang,Yang Kunguang,Deng Xin.Activities History of Zhenyuan-Guiyang Fault Belts and Constraint on the Evolution of Centre Guizhou Uplift[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2009,28(3):41-47.
[9]鲍园，韦重韬，王超勇，等.贵州织纳煤田水公河向斜上二叠统8煤层三史模拟[J].煤田地质与勘探，2012,40(6):13-23.Bao Yuan,Wei Chongtao,Wang Chaoyong,et al.Simulation of Geological Evolution History of the Upper Permian Coal Seam No.8 in Shuigonghe Syncline,Zhina coalfield,Guizhou[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2012,40(6):13-23.
[10]王红岩，张建博，李景明，等.中国煤层气富集成藏规律[J].天然气工业，2004(5):11-13,144.Wang Hongyan,Zhang Jianbo,Li Jingming,et al.Enrichment and Reservoiring Laws of the Coalbed Methane in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004(5):11-13,144.
[11]杨剑波.官田坝向斜煤层气资源及赋存影响因素分析[J].天然气技术与经济，2016,10(3):31-34.Yang Jianbo.Analysis of CBM Resources and Occurrence Influencing Factors in Guantianba Syncline[J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2016,10(3):31-34.
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