下寺湾油田长7油层组页岩气储层敏感性实验
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摘要
由于延长组长7油层组页岩气储层微裂缝页理发育,且基质型页岩与裂缝型页岩并存,所以在开发过程中储层易受到伤害。敏感性评价实验是研究储层伤害的重要手段之一,但这一实验目前主要针对基质型页岩进行研究。考虑到页岩储层往往需要进行压裂才能生产,且基质型页岩与裂缝型页岩的伤害机理有所不同,所以将裂缝型页岩的岩心流动实验和基质型页岩的压力脉冲衰减法实验相结合,来研究长7油层组页岩气储层的敏感性伤害机理。结果表明:该页岩储层具有强应力敏感、中等强度碱敏、中等偏弱水敏和中等偏弱速敏等特征。对比发现:在除应力敏感性评价实验外的其他各项实验中,裂缝型页岩的伤害程度均高于基质型页岩,主要是由于裂缝的存在使外来流体与地层的作用面积增大,从而造成更大的伤害;在应力敏感性评价实验中,基质型页岩应力敏感性强于微裂缝型页岩,但略低于裂缝型页岩。该研究成果可为页岩气的高效开发提供依据。
There are many microcracks and lamellations developed in Chang 7 shale gas reservoir,and matrix shale and fractured shale coexist,so the reservoirs are easily damaged during the development process. Sensitivity evaluation experiment is one of the important means to explore reservoir damage,however,the current experiment mainly focuses on the matrix shale. Considering that shale reservoirs often need fracturing before the shale gas can be produced,and the damage mechanism of matrix shale is different from that of fractured shale,the core flow experiment of fractured shale and the pressure pulse attenuation experiment of matrix shale were combined to study the sensitive damage mechanism of Chang 7 shale gas reservoir. The results show that the shale reservoir has the characteristics of strong stress sensitivity,medium alkali sensitivity,moderately weak water sensitivity,and moderately weak velocity sensitivity. It is found that the damage degree of fractured shale is higher than that of matrix shale in all kinds of experiments except stress sensitivity evaluation experiment. The main reason is that the presence of fractures increases the area of interaction between external fluid and formation,thus causing greater damage. Overall,the stress sensitivity of matrix shale is stronger than that of micro-fractured shale,but slightly lower than that of fractured shale. The research results can provide a basis for efficient development of shale gas.
There are many microcracks and lamellations developed in Chang 7 shale gas reservoir,and matrix shale and fractured shale coexist,so the reservoirs are easily damaged during the development process. Sensitivity evaluation experiment is one of the important means to explore reservoir damage,however,the current experiment mainly focuses on the matrix shale. Considering that shale reservoirs often need fracturing before the shale gas can be produced,and the damage mechanism of matrix shale is different from that of fractured shale,the core flow experiment of fractured shale and the pressure pulse attenuation experiment of matrix shale were combined to study the sensitive damage mechanism of Chang 7 shale gas reservoir. The results show that the shale reservoir has the characteristics of strong stress sensitivity,medium alkali sensitivity,moderately weak water sensitivity,and moderately weak velocity sensitivity. It is found that the damage degree of fractured shale is higher than that of matrix shale in all kinds of experiments except stress sensitivity evaluation experiment. The main reason is that the presence of fractures increases the area of interaction between external fluid and formation,thus causing greater damage. Overall,the stress sensitivity of matrix shale is stronger than that of micro-fractured shale,but slightly lower than that of fractured shale. The research results can provide a basis for efficient development of shale gas.
引文
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[9]冯光俊,朱炎铭,王阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组页岩气储层优选.特种油气藏,2015,22(5):60-64.FENG G J,ZHU Y M,WANG Y,et al.Shale gas reservoir optimization of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin.Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(5):60-64.
[10]杨华,窦伟坦,刘显阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7沉积相分析.沉积学报,2010,28(2):254-263.YANG H,DOU W T,LIU X Y,et al.Analysis on sedimentary facies of Chang 7 in Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(2):254-263.
[11]王香增,范柏江,张丽霞,等.陆相页岩气的储集空间特征及赋存过程:以鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡构造带延长探区延长组长7段为例.石油与天然气地质,2015,36(4):651-659.WANG X Z,FAN B J,ZHANG L X,et al.Reservoir space characteristics and charging process of Lacustrine shale gas:a case study of the Chang 7 member in Yanchang block in Shanbei slope of Ordos Basin.Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(4):651-659.
[12]张烨毓,周文,唐瑜,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系长7油层组页岩储层特征.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(6):671-676.ZHANG Y Y,ZHOU W,TANG Y,et al.Characteristics of shale reservoir rocks in Member 7 of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2013,40(6):671-676.
[13]徐勇,胡士骏,陈国俊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组长7段页岩孔隙特征与吸附能力.岩性油气藏,2016,28(6):30-35.XU Y,HU S J,CHEN G J,et al.Pore characteristics and adsorption capacity of Chang 7 shale of Yanchang Formation in the southeastern Ordos Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(6):30-35.
[14]LUFFEL D L,GUIDRY F K.New core analysis methods for measuring reservoir rock properties of Devonian Shale.Journal of Petroleum Technology,1992,44(11):1184-1190.
[15]CUI X,BUSTIN A M M,BUSTIN R M.Measurements of gas permeability and diffusivity of tight reservoir rocks:Different approaches and their applications.Geofluids,2009,9(3):208-223.
[16]邵东波,陈建文.鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩储层敏感性特征及其控制因素:以新安边地区延长组长6储层为例.西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,32(3):55-60.SHAO D B,CHEN J W.Sensitivity of tight sandstone reservoir in Ordos Basin and its controlling factor:Taking the Chang 6reservoir of Yanchang Formation in Xin'anbian area as example.Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2017,32(3):55-60.
[17]徐辉,田荣斌,李珊,等.张家垛阜三段储层敏感性和油水相渗特征.油气藏评价与开发,2011,1(6):48-51.XU H,TIAN R B,LI S,et al.Reservoir sensitivity and oil-water relative permeability of the third member of Funing Formation in Zhangjiaduo.Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2011,1(6):48-51.
[18]王玉霞,周立发,焦尊生,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区延长组致密砂岩储层敏感性评价.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2018,48(4):44-53.WANG Y X,ZHOU L F,JIAO Z S,et al.Sensitivity evaluation of tight sandstone reservoir in Yanchang Formation in Shanbei area,Ordos Basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2018,48(4):44-53.
[19]曾伟,向海洋,陈舒,等.气测速敏中气体滑脱效应的校正.钻采工艺,2009,32(4):46-48.ZENG W,XIANG H Y,CHEN S,et al.Correcting gas slippage effect in gas speed sensitivity experiment.Drilling&Production Technology,2009,32(4):46-48.
[20]刘学刚,王娟,李永胜,等.神木-双山地区盒8致密气藏储层敏感性实验研究.石油化工应用,2014,33(8):48-52.LIU X G,WANG J,LI Y S,et al.Sensitivity experiment study of the He-8 tight gas reservoir of Shenmu-Shuangshan region.Petrochemical Industry Application,2014,33(8):48-52.
[21]吴春燕,沈英,程玉群,等.下寺湾地区延长组长7陆相页岩气储层敏感性实验.地质科技情报,2015,34(5):81-85.WU C Y,SHEN Y,CHENG Y Q,et al.Chang 7 continental facies shale gas reservoir sensitivity test in Yanchang Formation of Xiasi Bay area.Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(5):81-85.
[22]石小虎,安文宏,王少飞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界储层敏感性实验研究.石油化工应用,2013,32(1):25-30.SHI X H,AN W H,WANG S F,et al.Sensitivity experiment study of upper paleozoic reservoir in east-northern Ordos Basin.Petrochemical Industry Application,2013,32(1):25-30.
[23]国家能源局.SY/T 5358-2010储层敏感性流动实验评价方法.北京:石油工业出版社,2010.National Energy Administration Formation.SY/T 5358-2010Damage evaluation by flow test.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010.
[24]杨满平,李治平,王正茂,等.变形介质气藏渗流理论研究的发展及研究意义.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,25(6):23-26.YANG M P,LI Z P,WANG Z M,et al.The development and significance of study on fluid flowing in the deformation media gas reservoir.Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute(Science&Technology Edition),2003,25(6):23-26.
[25]何金钢,康毅力,游利军,等.矿物成分和微结构对泥质岩储层应力敏感性的影响.天然气地球科学,2012,23(1):129-134.HE J G,KANG Y L,YOU L J,et al.Effects of mineral composition and microstructure on stress sensitivity of mud rocks.Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(1):129-134.
[2]卢占国,李强,李建兵,等.页岩储层伤害机理研究进展.断块油气田,2012,19(5):629-633.LU Z G,LI Q,LI J B,et al.Advance in mechanism study of shale formation damage.Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2012,19(5):629-633.
[3]王冕冕,郭肖,曹鹏,等.影响页岩气开发因素及勘探开发技术展望.特种油气藏,2010,17(6):12-17.WANG M M,GUO X,CAO P,et al.Influence factors on shale gas development and prospect of its exploration and development technology.Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(6):12-17.
[4]BOWKER K A.Barnett shale gas production,Fort Worth Basin:Issues and discussion.AAPG Bulletin,2007,9(14):523-533.
[5]SONDERGELD C H,NEWSHAM K E,COMISKY J T,et al.Petrophysical considerations in evaluating and producing shale gas resource.SPE 131768,2010.
[6]张小龙,张同伟,李艳芳,等.页岩气勘探和开发进展综述.岩性油气藏,2013,25(2):116-122.ZHANG X L,ZHANG T W,LI Y F,et al.Research advance in exploration and development of shale gas.Lithologic Reservoirs,2013,25(2):116-122.
[7]胡博文,李斌,鲁东升,等.页岩气储层特征及含气性主控因素:以湘西北保靖地区龙马溪组为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(3):83-91.HU B W,LI B,LU D S,et al.Characteristics and main controlling factors of shale gas reservoirs:a case from Longmaxi Formation in Baojing area,NW Hunan province.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(3):83-91.
[8]王香增,张金川,曹金舟,等.陆相页岩气资源评价初探:以延长直罗-下寺湾区中生界长7段为例.地学前缘,2012,19(2):192-197.WANG X Z,ZHANG J C,CAO J Z,et al.A preliminary discussion on evaluation of continental shale gas resources:a case study of Chang 7 of Mesozoic Yanchang Formation in ZhiluoXiasiwan area of Yanchang.Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(2):192-197.
[9]冯光俊,朱炎铭,王阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组页岩气储层优选.特种油气藏,2015,22(5):60-64.FENG G J,ZHU Y M,WANG Y,et al.Shale gas reservoir optimization of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin.Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(5):60-64.
[10]杨华,窦伟坦,刘显阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7沉积相分析.沉积学报,2010,28(2):254-263.YANG H,DOU W T,LIU X Y,et al.Analysis on sedimentary facies of Chang 7 in Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(2):254-263.
[11]王香增,范柏江,张丽霞,等.陆相页岩气的储集空间特征及赋存过程:以鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡构造带延长探区延长组长7段为例.石油与天然气地质,2015,36(4):651-659.WANG X Z,FAN B J,ZHANG L X,et al.Reservoir space characteristics and charging process of Lacustrine shale gas:a case study of the Chang 7 member in Yanchang block in Shanbei slope of Ordos Basin.Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(4):651-659.
[12]张烨毓,周文,唐瑜,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系长7油层组页岩储层特征.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(6):671-676.ZHANG Y Y,ZHOU W,TANG Y,et al.Characteristics of shale reservoir rocks in Member 7 of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2013,40(6):671-676.
[13]徐勇,胡士骏,陈国俊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组长7段页岩孔隙特征与吸附能力.岩性油气藏,2016,28(6):30-35.XU Y,HU S J,CHEN G J,et al.Pore characteristics and adsorption capacity of Chang 7 shale of Yanchang Formation in the southeastern Ordos Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(6):30-35.
[14]LUFFEL D L,GUIDRY F K.New core analysis methods for measuring reservoir rock properties of Devonian Shale.Journal of Petroleum Technology,1992,44(11):1184-1190.
[15]CUI X,BUSTIN A M M,BUSTIN R M.Measurements of gas permeability and diffusivity of tight reservoir rocks:Different approaches and their applications.Geofluids,2009,9(3):208-223.
[16]邵东波,陈建文.鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩储层敏感性特征及其控制因素:以新安边地区延长组长6储层为例.西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,32(3):55-60.SHAO D B,CHEN J W.Sensitivity of tight sandstone reservoir in Ordos Basin and its controlling factor:Taking the Chang 6reservoir of Yanchang Formation in Xin'anbian area as example.Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2017,32(3):55-60.
[17]徐辉,田荣斌,李珊,等.张家垛阜三段储层敏感性和油水相渗特征.油气藏评价与开发,2011,1(6):48-51.XU H,TIAN R B,LI S,et al.Reservoir sensitivity and oil-water relative permeability of the third member of Funing Formation in Zhangjiaduo.Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2011,1(6):48-51.
[18]王玉霞,周立发,焦尊生,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区延长组致密砂岩储层敏感性评价.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2018,48(4):44-53.WANG Y X,ZHOU L F,JIAO Z S,et al.Sensitivity evaluation of tight sandstone reservoir in Yanchang Formation in Shanbei area,Ordos Basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2018,48(4):44-53.
[19]曾伟,向海洋,陈舒,等.气测速敏中气体滑脱效应的校正.钻采工艺,2009,32(4):46-48.ZENG W,XIANG H Y,CHEN S,et al.Correcting gas slippage effect in gas speed sensitivity experiment.Drilling&Production Technology,2009,32(4):46-48.
[20]刘学刚,王娟,李永胜,等.神木-双山地区盒8致密气藏储层敏感性实验研究.石油化工应用,2014,33(8):48-52.LIU X G,WANG J,LI Y S,et al.Sensitivity experiment study of the He-8 tight gas reservoir of Shenmu-Shuangshan region.Petrochemical Industry Application,2014,33(8):48-52.
[21]吴春燕,沈英,程玉群,等.下寺湾地区延长组长7陆相页岩气储层敏感性实验.地质科技情报,2015,34(5):81-85.WU C Y,SHEN Y,CHENG Y Q,et al.Chang 7 continental facies shale gas reservoir sensitivity test in Yanchang Formation of Xiasi Bay area.Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(5):81-85.
[22]石小虎,安文宏,王少飞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界储层敏感性实验研究.石油化工应用,2013,32(1):25-30.SHI X H,AN W H,WANG S F,et al.Sensitivity experiment study of upper paleozoic reservoir in east-northern Ordos Basin.Petrochemical Industry Application,2013,32(1):25-30.
[23]国家能源局.SY/T 5358-2010储层敏感性流动实验评价方法.北京:石油工业出版社,2010.National Energy Administration Formation.SY/T 5358-2010Damage evaluation by flow test.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010.
[24]杨满平,李治平,王正茂,等.变形介质气藏渗流理论研究的发展及研究意义.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,25(6):23-26.YANG M P,LI Z P,WANG Z M,et al.The development and significance of study on fluid flowing in the deformation media gas reservoir.Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute(Science&Technology Edition),2003,25(6):23-26.
[25]何金钢,康毅力,游利军,等.矿物成分和微结构对泥质岩储层应力敏感性的影响.天然气地球科学,2012,23(1):129-134.HE J G,KANG Y L,YOU L J,et al.Effects of mineral composition and microstructure on stress sensitivity of mud rocks.Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(1):129-134.
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