Fe(NO_3)_3改性活性炭吸附氨氮的性能研究
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摘要
通过超声浸渍法对活性炭进行负载Fe(NO_3)_3改性,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积分析(BET)、质量滴定、红外光谱分析(FT-IR)和Boehm滴定等多种分析方法对未改性活性炭(AC)和改性活性炭(AC-Fe)进行表征,探讨了在不同条件下改性前后活性炭对污水中氨氮的吸附能力和动力学特性.结果表明,经超声浸渍铁元素改性后,活性炭大孔和中孔的孔容积以及比表面积减小,平均孔径略有增大,表面含氧官能团种类基本没有变化. AC-Fe的内酯基、酚羟基及碱基分别增加了12.8%、13. 3%、4. 4%,羧基减少了28. 6%,其等电点由5. 8增大到8. 2.当氨氮质量浓度为10 mg/L,活性炭投加量20g/L,温度5℃时,AC-Fe对氨氮的吸附量为0. 138 mg/g,较AC对氨氮的吸附量提高了29. 0%. Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程均能较好地描述改性前后活性炭对氨氮的等温吸附过程,吸附动力学数据符合准二级动力学方程.
Activated carbon was modified with loading Fe(NO_3)_3 by ultrasonic impregnation method. AC and AC-Fe were characterized by scanning electron microscopy( SEM),N_2 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller( BET) adsorption analysis,mass titration,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) and Boehm titration. The adsorption capacity and kinetic characteristics of ammonia in sewage water before and after modification under different conditions were discussed. The results showed that the pore volume and the BET surface area of macropore and mesopore decreased,the average pore diameter increased slightly,with no obvious change in the type of oxygen-containing groups on the surface. The amount of lactone groups,phenolic hydroxyl groups,basic groups on AC-Fe increased by 12. 8%,13. 3%,4. 4%,respectively. While the amount of carboxyl groups decreased by 28. 6%. And the isoelectric point increased from 5. 8 to 8. 2. When the ammonia initial concentration was 10 mg/L,the AC-Fe dosage was 20 g/L,and the temperature was 5 ℃,the adsorption ca-pacity of ammonia by AC-Fe was 0. 138 mg/g. Compared with AC,its adsorption capacity increased by 29. 0%. Further results indicated that the equilibrium adsorption process was described well by the Langmuir model and Freundlich model. And the kinetic data fit better with the pseudo-second model.
Activated carbon was modified with loading Fe(NO_3)_3 by ultrasonic impregnation method. AC and AC-Fe were characterized by scanning electron microscopy( SEM),N_2 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller( BET) adsorption analysis,mass titration,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) and Boehm titration. The adsorption capacity and kinetic characteristics of ammonia in sewage water before and after modification under different conditions were discussed. The results showed that the pore volume and the BET surface area of macropore and mesopore decreased,the average pore diameter increased slightly,with no obvious change in the type of oxygen-containing groups on the surface. The amount of lactone groups,phenolic hydroxyl groups,basic groups on AC-Fe increased by 12. 8%,13. 3%,4. 4%,respectively. While the amount of carboxyl groups decreased by 28. 6%. And the isoelectric point increased from 5. 8 to 8. 2. When the ammonia initial concentration was 10 mg/L,the AC-Fe dosage was 20 g/L,and the temperature was 5 ℃,the adsorption ca-pacity of ammonia by AC-Fe was 0. 138 mg/g. Compared with AC,its adsorption capacity increased by 29. 0%. Further results indicated that the equilibrium adsorption process was described well by the Langmuir model and Freundlich model. And the kinetic data fit better with the pseudo-second model.
引文
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[32]林旭辉,董世瑞,郭俊杰,等.玉米直链回生淀粉吸附含羟基红曲红色素的动力学[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(2):294-299.
[33]刘伟凤.棱角皮活性炭改性及其对水体中Cr(IV)和头孢氨苄的吸附性能研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012.
[2]刘晨.改性沸石去除水中氨氮研究[D].苏州:苏州科技大学,2007.
[3]董建丰,平巍,张六一,等.香蕉皮改性吸附剂对氨氮吸附特性[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(4):1807-1812.
[4]杨灵芳.载铁活性炭的制备及其对水溶液中铀酰离子的去除研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2017.
[5]史欢欢.活性炭负载锰、镁复合吸附剂制备及对罗丹明B吸附研究[D].天津:天津城建大学,2017.
[6]王芳.改性活性炭吸附污水中氨氮的性能[J].应用化工,2015,44(5):874-877.
[7]刘雪梅,陈嘉玮,王宇航.碳酸钾改性油茶壳活性炭吸附水中氨氮的研究[J].工业水处理,2017,37(7):39-42.
[8]刘瑞红.改性活性炭对水中阿莫西林吸附效果的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012.
[9] BOEHM H P. Surface oxidexs on carbon and their analysis:A critical assessment[J]. Carbon,2002(2):145-149.
[10]于凤文,计建炳,霍超,等.活性炭载体的超声波处理对钌/活性炭氨合成催化剂催化性能的影响[J].催化学报,2005,26(6):485-488.
[11]肖静.苯并噻吩/二苯并噻吩在改性活性炭和Y型分子筛上的吸附[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.
[12]高云芳,王艳平,王福华,等. Pb(PbO)负载对活性炭超级电容性能的影响及其机理[J].炭素,2014,159(2):7-12.
[13]彭芳.硝酸改性活性炭制备及其吸附Cu2+、Cr6+的性能研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2012.
[14]张巧丽.氧化铁/活性炭复合材料的制备及去除水中有机物和砷的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2004.
[15] THROWER P A. Chemistry&Physics of Carbon[M].[S.l.]:CRC Press,1996.
[16]卢涌泉,邓振华.实用红外光谱解析[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1989.
[17] PUZIY A,PODDUBNAYA O,MARTINEZ-ALONSO A,et al. Synthetic carbons activated with phosphoric acid:I. Surface chemistry and ion binding properties[J]. Carbon,2002,40(9):1493-1505.
[18]冒爱琴,王华,谭玲华,等.活性炭表面官能团表征进展[J].应用化工,2011(7):1266-1270.
[19]刘桂芳.表面改性活性炭吸附酚类内分泌干扰物的性能与机理研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[20]张继义,韩雪,武英香,等.炭化小麦秸秆对水中氨氮吸附性能的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2012,12(1):32-36.
[21]张建柱,商平,刘涛利.改性稻壳去除低质量浓度氨氮的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(1):228-230.
[22]连亚欣.蛭石对金属锌镉的解吸特性与机理研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2009.
[23] TSUTSUMI K,MATSUSHIMA Y,MATSUOTO A. Surafce heterogeneity of modified active carbons[M]. Langmuir:[s.n.]1993.
[24] FREUNDLICH H M F. Over the adsorption in solution[J]. J.Chem. Phys.,1906,57:385-471.
[25]董建丰.香蕉皮改性吸附剂的制备及其吸附性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.
[26]刘福强,陈金龙,李爱民,等.氨基萘酚磺酸在改性超高交联吸附树脂和弱碱树脂上的静态吸附行为比较[J].高分子学报,2004,5:661-666.
[27]霍学刚,谢英惠,宴宗高.铵型斜发沸石脱除Pb2+离子的热力学研究[J].非金属矿,2009,32(2):75-78.
[28]史沫.载钠活性炭的制备及其对NH4+-N的吸附效能研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2014.
[29] HO Y S,MCKAY G. The sorption of lead(Ⅱ)inos on peat[J]. Water Reserch,1999,33(2):578-585.
[30] HO Y S,MCKAY G. Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes[J]. Process Biochemistry,1999,34(5):451-458.
[31]吴慧英,施周,陈积义,等.活性炭-微波辐射法去除苯酚的机理研究[J].环境工程学报,2009,3(1):67-71.
[32]林旭辉,董世瑞,郭俊杰,等.玉米直链回生淀粉吸附含羟基红曲红色素的动力学[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(2):294-299.
[33]刘伟凤.棱角皮活性炭改性及其对水体中Cr(IV)和头孢氨苄的吸附性能研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012.
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