子二代大鲵年龄与体重、全长的关系
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摘要
研究子二代大鲵年龄和全长、体重关系,为大规模开展大鲵人工养殖和亲本的筛选提供依据。测量了Ⅰ～Ⅺ龄11个年龄组、122尾子二代大鲵的全长、体重,利用matlab分析软件,采用Gompertz、Logistic、Von Bertalanffy、指数函数和幂函数对数据进行回归建模分析。Ⅺ龄子二代大鲵可达到11 kg,Ⅳ～Ⅸ龄的体重增长绝对值较大,Ⅰ～Ⅳ龄体重年增长倍数较大,其中Ⅰ～Ⅲ龄养殖大鲵体重年增长倍数达到170%以上;Ⅺ龄子二代大鲵全长可达到111 cm,Ⅰ～Ⅳ龄全长增长绝对值和全长年增长倍数都较大,其中Ⅰ～Ⅱ龄全长年增长倍数达到60%以上,Ⅰ～Ⅲ龄全长年增长绝对值超过16 cm;全长与体重之间具有极强的正相关性。5种生长方程对子二代大鲵的年龄和体重、全长关系拟合度均较高(R~2>0.97);年龄和体重关系以Logistic函数生长曲线拟合度最好;年龄和全长关系以Von Bertalanffy函数生长曲线和指数方程拟合最好。大鲵的体重和全长关系符合幂函数曲线;体重和全长生长方程研究结果均表明子二代大鲵在Ⅺ龄接近其生长极限。本文建立的生长模型更能反映子二代大鲵固有的生长特性,而幂函数等揭示的是某一年龄段内的生长特性。
In the previous studies, giant salamanders at the age of Ⅶ-Ⅷ were the primary research subjects, and the constructed growth model was just suitable for giant salamanders in a short age range. To describe the growth characteristics of the giant salamanders more accurately and provide basic data to support the selection of parents for large scale artificial breeding, in this research, we analyzed the relationship between age and total length, body weight of the giant salamanders in a large age scale(Ⅰ-Ⅺ). This study was based on the investigation data of 122 second filial giant salamander individuals during 2012-2016, including age, total length and body weight. Von Bertalanffy, Logistic, Gompertz, exponentials and power functions were adopted to simulate the relationship between age and total length, body weight. Results show that F2 giant salamanders reached 11 kg and 111 cm at the age of Ⅺ, and the absolute weigh gain of Ⅳ-Ⅸ giant salamanders was the largest, while increase percentage of Ⅰ-Ⅳ giant salamanders was the highest, especially for Ⅰ-Ⅲ giant salamanders, with the increase percentage of 170%. The largest absolute length growth and increase percentage occurred in group of Ⅰ-Ⅳ giant salamanders, and the total length of Ⅰ-Ⅲ giant salamanders increased 16 cm yearly. The Von Bertalanffy,Gompertz, Logistic, exponentials and power functions all described the growth of F2 giant salamanders very well(R~2>0.97). The relationship between age and body weight of artificial breeding F2 giant salamanders was explained as ■ by Logistic function, and the relationship of age and total length was described as y=1396.2×(1-e~(-0.142x-0.083)) by the Von Bertalanffy function and y=-1285.32 e~(-0.14x)+1396.2 by exponentials function. The relationship of body weight and total length fitted the power function curve and the equation was y=0.00003x~(2.809), and the total length presented significantly positive correlation with the body weight. The growth equations of body weight and total length both show that the growth inflexion point of the F2 giant salamanders occurred at the age of Ⅺ. The relationship between age and total length, body weight of F2 giant salamanders illustrated in this paper was superior to previous results and was more consistent with the biological growth rules of the giant salamanders. The results will provide reference for large-scale aquaculture of Chinese giant salamanders.
In the previous studies, giant salamanders at the age of Ⅶ-Ⅷ were the primary research subjects, and the constructed growth model was just suitable for giant salamanders in a short age range. To describe the growth characteristics of the giant salamanders more accurately and provide basic data to support the selection of parents for large scale artificial breeding, in this research, we analyzed the relationship between age and total length, body weight of the giant salamanders in a large age scale(Ⅰ-Ⅺ). This study was based on the investigation data of 122 second filial giant salamander individuals during 2012-2016, including age, total length and body weight. Von Bertalanffy, Logistic, Gompertz, exponentials and power functions were adopted to simulate the relationship between age and total length, body weight. Results show that F2 giant salamanders reached 11 kg and 111 cm at the age of Ⅺ, and the absolute weigh gain of Ⅳ-Ⅸ giant salamanders was the largest, while increase percentage of Ⅰ-Ⅳ giant salamanders was the highest, especially for Ⅰ-Ⅲ giant salamanders, with the increase percentage of 170%. The largest absolute length growth and increase percentage occurred in group of Ⅰ-Ⅳ giant salamanders, and the total length of Ⅰ-Ⅲ giant salamanders increased 16 cm yearly. The Von Bertalanffy,Gompertz, Logistic, exponentials and power functions all described the growth of F2 giant salamanders very well(R~2>0.97). The relationship between age and body weight of artificial breeding F2 giant salamanders was explained as ■ by Logistic function, and the relationship of age and total length was described as y=1396.2×(1-e~(-0.142x-0.083)) by the Von Bertalanffy function and y=-1285.32 e~(-0.14x)+1396.2 by exponentials function. The relationship of body weight and total length fitted the power function curve and the equation was y=0.00003x~(2.809), and the total length presented significantly positive correlation with the body weight. The growth equations of body weight and total length both show that the growth inflexion point of the F2 giant salamanders occurred at the age of Ⅺ. The relationship between age and total length, body weight of F2 giant salamanders illustrated in this paper was superior to previous results and was more consistent with the biological growth rules of the giant salamanders. The results will provide reference for large-scale aquaculture of Chinese giant salamanders.
引文
毕雪娟,张涛,冯广朋,等,2015.长江口凤鲚个体生殖力的研究[J],海洋渔业,37(3):223-232.
陈友明,李潇轩,王明华,等,2010.斑点叉尾鮰苗种全长与体重的关系[J].水产养殖,31(5):13-15.
邓捷,王启军,赵虎,等,2016.池养成年大鲵体重和性别发育与水温的相关性研究[J].基因组学与应用生物学,(9):2342-2346.
葛荫榕,郑合勋,李继海,1995.大鲵年龄与生长的初步研究[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):59-63.
黄永春,郑伟刚,何晓雄,等,2016.2个凡纳滨对虾选育群体亲虾形态特征及其产卵量、孵化率的比较[J],渔业研究,38(2):96-101.
刘鉴毅,谭永安,卢兴孙,等,2005.中国大鲵子二代规模化人工孵化技术的研究[J].经济动物学报,(3):152-155,159.
刘鉴毅,谭永安,刘明国,等,2005.野生中国大鲵与人工繁殖子一代雄性形态及精液特性的比较[J],上海水产大学学报,2005,14(1):19-24.
罗庆华,卢成英,刘清波,2005.中国大鲵繁殖生物学研究进展[J].四川动物,(3):417-420.
王美娟,胡俊,2015.南漪湖麦穗鱼个体生殖力研究[J],江西水产科技,(2):8-10.
王文林,詹克慧,陈平,等,1994.池养大鲵生长发育的初步研究[J].淡水渔业,(4):20-22.
王启军,赵虎,张红星,吉红.2012,人工养殖大鲵全长与体重关系的回归分析[J].基因组学与应用生物学.2012,31(4):381-384.
尹邦一,代应贵,范家佑,等,2017.长脂拟鲿年龄与生长研究[J].水生态学杂志,38(1):94-100.
于振海,陈有光,靖莹,等,2013.中国大鲵地下室微流水人工养殖技术初步研究[J].上海海洋大学学报,(1):60-65.
朱忠胜,李媛,姚俊杰,等,2015.贵州人工养殖大鲵年龄与体重和全长的关系[J].贵州农业科学.(9):142-144.
陈友明,李潇轩,王明华,等,2010.斑点叉尾鮰苗种全长与体重的关系[J].水产养殖,31(5):13-15.
邓捷,王启军,赵虎,等,2016.池养成年大鲵体重和性别发育与水温的相关性研究[J].基因组学与应用生物学,(9):2342-2346.
葛荫榕,郑合勋,李继海,1995.大鲵年龄与生长的初步研究[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):59-63.
黄永春,郑伟刚,何晓雄,等,2016.2个凡纳滨对虾选育群体亲虾形态特征及其产卵量、孵化率的比较[J],渔业研究,38(2):96-101.
刘鉴毅,谭永安,卢兴孙,等,2005.中国大鲵子二代规模化人工孵化技术的研究[J].经济动物学报,(3):152-155,159.
刘鉴毅,谭永安,刘明国,等,2005.野生中国大鲵与人工繁殖子一代雄性形态及精液特性的比较[J],上海水产大学学报,2005,14(1):19-24.
罗庆华,卢成英,刘清波,2005.中国大鲵繁殖生物学研究进展[J].四川动物,(3):417-420.
王美娟,胡俊,2015.南漪湖麦穗鱼个体生殖力研究[J],江西水产科技,(2):8-10.
王文林,詹克慧,陈平,等,1994.池养大鲵生长发育的初步研究[J].淡水渔业,(4):20-22.
王启军,赵虎,张红星,吉红.2012,人工养殖大鲵全长与体重关系的回归分析[J].基因组学与应用生物学.2012,31(4):381-384.
尹邦一,代应贵,范家佑,等,2017.长脂拟鲿年龄与生长研究[J].水生态学杂志,38(1):94-100.
于振海,陈有光,靖莹,等,2013.中国大鲵地下室微流水人工养殖技术初步研究[J].上海海洋大学学报,(1):60-65.
朱忠胜,李媛,姚俊杰,等,2015.贵州人工养殖大鲵年龄与体重和全长的关系[J].贵州农业科学.(9):142-144.
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