企业环境污染强度研究
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摘要
随着国际关系的复杂变化,全球市场变得更加不确定。纵观全球,环境污染明显增加了经济发展的不确定性。与此同时,发展中国家正经历着国有企业和私有企业重组改革。笔者基于中国当前环境现状,建立了关于国有企业和私有企业的环境污染的假设。选取我国主要省份的面板数据,运用双向固定效应模型,探讨了公司所有制结构与环境污染的关系。结果表明,2006—2014年,国有企业环境污染呈负相关,而私有企业与环境污染呈正相关。表明,国有企业和私有企业具有不同的环境绩效。私有企业应该在环境治理上下更多功夫,做大做强企业也是环境保护的需要。
With the complicated variations of international relations,the global market has become much more uncertain.The environmental pollution is obviously adding uncertainty to the economic performance all over the world.The developing countries have been experiencing re-organization of state-owned enterprises(SOEs),and rapid growth of private-owned enterprises(POEs).The SOEs in China are relatively large enterprises compared with POEs with smaller scales.Based on the overview about the current environmental situation and economic development in China,this study attempts to explore environmental affordability of different enterprises in China by applying the current industrial outputs of SOEs and POEs.The results imply that large firms have better environmental affordability than small and medium enterprises(SMEs)in terms of pollution intensity.SMEs need to make more efforts in environmental governance.
With the complicated variations of international relations,the global market has become much more uncertain.The environmental pollution is obviously adding uncertainty to the economic performance all over the world.The developing countries have been experiencing re-organization of state-owned enterprises(SOEs),and rapid growth of private-owned enterprises(POEs).The SOEs in China are relatively large enterprises compared with POEs with smaller scales.Based on the overview about the current environmental situation and economic development in China,this study attempts to explore environmental affordability of different enterprises in China by applying the current industrial outputs of SOEs and POEs.The results imply that large firms have better environmental affordability than small and medium enterprises(SMEs)in terms of pollution intensity.SMEs need to make more efforts in environmental governance.
引文
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[2]WANG Z.Understanding transition in China:Domestic tensions,institutional adjustment and international forces[D].Beijing:Peking University,2008.
[3]KIKERI S,NELLIS J,SHIRLEY M.Privatization:Lessons from market economies[J].World Bank Research Observer,1994,9(2):241-272.
[4]FISHER-VANDEN K.Management structure and technology diffusion in Chinese state-owned enterprises[J].Energy Policy,2003,31(3):247-257.
[5]GOHMANN S F.Victor nee,Capitalism from below:Markets and institutional change in China[J].Public Choice,2013,119(2):554-556.
[6]DASGUPTA S,LAPLANTE B,MAMINGI N,et al.Inspections,pollution prices,and environmental performance:Evidence from China[J].Ecological Economics,2001,36(3):487-498.
[7]JIANG L,LIN C,LIN P.The determinants of pollution levels:Firm-level evidence from Chinese manufacturing[J].Journal of Comparative Economics,2014,42(1):118-142.
[8]WANG H,WHEELER D.Equilibrium Pollution and Economic Development in China[J].Environment and Development Economics,2003,8:451-466.
[9]WALLS J L,PHAN P H,BERRONE P.Measuring environmental strategy:Construct development,reliability,and validity[J].Business&Society,2011,50(1):71-115.
[10]COPELAND B R,TAYLOR M S.Trade,Growth,and the environment[J].Journal of Economic Literature,2004,42(1):7-71.
[11]WANG H,WHEELER D,WANG H.Endogenous enforcement and effectiveness of China’s pollution levy system[M].The World Bank,1999.
[12]DASGUPTA,SUSMITA,BENOIT L,et al.Confronting the environmental Kuznets curve[J].Journal of Economic Perspectives,2002,16(1):147-168.
[13]PARGAL S,HETTIGE H,SINGH M,et al.Formal and informal regulation of industrial pollution:comparative evidence from Indonesia and the United States[J].The World Bank Economic Review,1997,11(3):433-450.
[14]HULL K.Understanding the relationship between economic growth,employment and poverty reduction[J].Promoting Pro-Poor Growth:Employment,Paris:OECD,2009,69-94.
[15]FISHER-VANDEN K.Management structure and technology diffusion in Chinese state-owned enterprises[J].Energy Policy,2003,31(3):247-257.
[16]WANG H,WHEELER D,WANG H.Pricing industrial pollution in China:An economic analysis of the levy system[M].The World Bank,1996.
[17]FINDLAY R.Relative backwardness,direct foreign investment,and the transfer of technology:A simple dynamic model[J],The Quarterly Journal of Economics,1978,92(1):1-16.
[18]COWAN S,DEEGAN C.Corporate disclosure reactions to Australia’s first national emission reporting scheme[J].Accounting&Finance,2011,51(2):409-436.
[19]GROSSMAN G M,KRUEGER A B.Economic Growth and the Environment[J].The Quarterly Journal of Economics,1995,110(2):353-377.
[20]XIE B,DAVIDSON W N,DADALT P J.Earnings management and corporate governance:The role of the board and the audit committee[J].Journal of Corporate Finance,2003,9(3):295-316.
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