黑河流域甘肃段湿地破碎化及生态环境质量
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摘要
黑河流域甘肃段湿地在国家生态建设中具有重要战略地位。受社会自然因素胁迫,该地区湿地资源的规划保护已迫在眉睫。本文基于遥感影像,选取景观破碎化指数对研究区湿地景观破碎化过程进行分析,并引入InVEST(integrated valuation of environmental services and tradeoffs)模型,对2000—2008年、2008—2016年两个时段湿地资源生态环境质量进行综合评价。研究表明:(1)2000—2008年,研究区各湿地类型面积减少明显,灌丛沼泽面积减少最多,2008年以后各湿地类型面积开始增长;(2)2000—2008年研究区景观破碎化程度持续恶化,但2008年后景观破碎化程度开始转好;(3)研究区湿地生态环境质量整体较好,极重要生境湿地面积占总面积的86%～94%。
Wetlands in the Gansu section of the Heihe basin play a crucial strategic role in the national ecological construction. Under the stress of social and natural factors, it is extremely urgent to formulate a planning to protect the wetland resources in this area. Based on remote sensing images, this paper selects landscape fragmentation indexes to analyze the fragmentation process of wetland landscape in the study area, and adopts the Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST) model to comprehensively evaluate the eco-environmental quality of wetland resources in the two periods of 2000-2008 and 2008-2016. Results show that in 2000-2008, the total area of the wetlands of different types in the study area decreased significantly with the largest decrease in shrub swamps. Since 2008, the total wetland area has been increasing. The degree of landscape fragmentation in the study area continued to be lowered in 2000-2008, but began to improve after that. The eco-environmental quality of the wetlands in the study area is generally good, and the area of extremely important habitat wetlands accounts for 86%-94% of the total wetland area.
Wetlands in the Gansu section of the Heihe basin play a crucial strategic role in the national ecological construction. Under the stress of social and natural factors, it is extremely urgent to formulate a planning to protect the wetland resources in this area. Based on remote sensing images, this paper selects landscape fragmentation indexes to analyze the fragmentation process of wetland landscape in the study area, and adopts the Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST) model to comprehensively evaluate the eco-environmental quality of wetland resources in the two periods of 2000-2008 and 2008-2016. Results show that in 2000-2008, the total area of the wetlands of different types in the study area decreased significantly with the largest decrease in shrub swamps. Since 2008, the total wetland area has been increasing. The degree of landscape fragmentation in the study area continued to be lowered in 2000-2008, but began to improve after that. The eco-environmental quality of the wetlands in the study area is generally good, and the area of extremely important habitat wetlands accounts for 86%-94% of the total wetland area.
引文
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