石竹属植物染色体倍性、花粉活力及种间杂交结实率研究

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英文篇名：Study on Chromosome Ploidy,Pollen Vitality and Seed Setting of Interspecific Hybrids in Dianthus 作者：赵丹丹 ; 马璐琳 ; 瞿素萍 ; 阮继伟 ; 卢珍红 ; 苏艳 ; 周旭红 英文作者：ZHAO Dan-dan;MA Lu-lin;QU Su-ping;RUAN Ji-wei;LU Zhen-hong;SU Yan;ZHOU Xu-hong;Institute of Agricultural Economy and Information,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Flower Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science/National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture;Yunnan Jichuang Horticulture Technology Corporation; 关键词：石竹属 ; 杂交 ; 染色体 ; 花粉 ; 亲合性 英文关键词：Dianthus;;Cross;;Chromsome;;Pollen;;Compatibility 中文刊名：西南农业学报 英文刊名：Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences 机构：云南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所;云南省农业科学院花卉研究所/国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心;云南集创园艺科技有限公司; 出版日期：2019-01-28 出版单位：西南农业学报 年：2019 期：01 基金：国家自然科学基金(31860570);; 云南省中青年学术和技术带头人培养(2015HB077);; 云南省科技计划项目(2016IA001);; 云南省农业重大科技专项(2016ZA005);; 云南省重点研发项目(2018BB010) 语种：中文; 页：175-179 页数：5 CN：51-1213/S ISSN：1001-4829 分类号：S682.19

摘要

【目的】石竹属植物种间杂交能产生不同的花色和花型的后代,对育种具有重要的意义。【方法】采用压片法鉴定石竹属植物的倍性,醋酸洋红染色观察花粉的活力,并对不同杂交组合结实率及杂交亲合指数进行研究。【结果】研究发现香石竹‘Nogalte’、‘D. P Barbara’、‘Thomas’、‘Red Barbara’、‘NH6’、‘NH10’和‘冬梅’以及石竹属的瞿麦、中国石竹、头石竹和须孢石竹为二倍体(2n=2x=30),常夏石竹为六倍体(2n=6x=90);石竹属植物花粉活力较高,在69. 17%～94. 97%;不同石竹种间杂交座果率和每果种子数各不相同,座果率在0%～100%,每果种子数在0～42. 64颗。【结论】石竹属种间杂交组合除少数组合外都具有亲合性,该项研究对石竹种间杂交育种具有指导意义。
        【Objective】Hybrid offsprings of Dianthus species had different flower colors and flower types by interspecific hybridization,which was of great significance to breeding. 【Method】In this paper,the ploidy of Dianthus species was identified by pressing method. The pollen vigor was observed by acetic acid carmine staining,and the seed setting rate and the hybridization affinity index of different cross combinations were studied. 【Result】The study found that carnations'Nogalte','DP Barbara','Thomas','Red Barbara','NH6','NH10'and'Dongmei',Dianthus superbus,Dianthus chinensis,Dianthus barbatus var. asiaticus Nakai,Dianthus barbatus,were diploid( 2 n =2 x = 30),Dianthus plumarius was hexaploid( 2 n = 6 x = 90). The pollen vigor of Dianthus was higher with 69. 17 %-94. 97 %. The percentage of fertile fruit and number of seeds per fruit was different among different Dianthus hybrid species,which was 0 %-100 % and0-42. 64,respectively.【Conclusion】Interspecific hybridization of Dianthus species combination had affinities except for a few combinations. This study had guiding significance for cross breeding of Dianthus.

引文

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