不同土壤改良剂对作物生长、土壤紧实度的影响
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摘要
作物生长受到诸多因素的影响,土壤紧实化是现代农业生产最大、最主要的威胁。为研究不同土壤改良剂对作物生长、土壤紧实度的影响,本文选用草木炭、珍珠岩、化学松土剂3种土壤改良剂,开展室内盆栽试验,分析其对土壤紧实度及油白菜生长影响。试验结果表明:3种土壤改良剂均对土壤紧实度有一定改善作用,但改善程度各不相同,且最佳用量互有差异;草木炭和珍珠岩最佳施用量均为4%,在该施用量下油白菜株高长势均匀且株高均值最大;化学松土剂最佳施用量为8%,此时油白菜株高为最优解;土壤改良剂对土壤紧实化的影响与对油白菜株高影响的最佳施用量一致;综合分析对比,三种土壤改良剂中,珍珠岩对油白菜株高和土壤紧实化的改良效果最佳。研究结果为后续土壤改良剂对土壤紧实度的影响研究提供了理论依据,为农业生产提供参考作用。
There are many factors which affect the crop growth,and the soil compaction is the main factor which threats modern agriculture.In this paper,in order to study the affect of soil amendments on crop growth and soil compaction,3 kinds of soil amendments including straw charcoal,perlite and chemical scarification agent were chosen to conduct indoor pot experiment,which was used to analyse their influences on bokchoi growth and soil compaction.The optimal application rate of the grass-charcoal and the perlite is 4%,under which condition the plant height of bokchoi is uniform and the average plant height is the largest.The optimal application amount of the chemical-releasing agent is 8%,under which condition the height of the bokchoi reaches the highest at the time;The effect of perlite has the same effect on soil compaction and bokchoi growth.The experiment results show that the 3 kinds of soil amendments all can promote baby bokchoi growth and ease the soil compaction,but the best dosage is different from each other.The results provide theoretical reference for further study on soil compaction,soil amendment and agriculture production.
There are many factors which affect the crop growth,and the soil compaction is the main factor which threats modern agriculture.In this paper,in order to study the affect of soil amendments on crop growth and soil compaction,3 kinds of soil amendments including straw charcoal,perlite and chemical scarification agent were chosen to conduct indoor pot experiment,which was used to analyse their influences on bokchoi growth and soil compaction.The optimal application rate of the grass-charcoal and the perlite is 4%,under which condition the plant height of bokchoi is uniform and the average plant height is the largest.The optimal application amount of the chemical-releasing agent is 8%,under which condition the height of the bokchoi reaches the highest at the time;The effect of perlite has the same effect on soil compaction and bokchoi growth.The experiment results show that the 3 kinds of soil amendments all can promote baby bokchoi growth and ease the soil compaction,but the best dosage is different from each other.The results provide theoretical reference for further study on soil compaction,soil amendment and agriculture production.
引文
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[11]Bolan N S,Adriano D C,Natesan R,et al.Effects of organic amendments on the reduction and phytoavailability of chromate in mineral soil[J].Journal of environmental quality,2003,32(1):120-128.
[12]Pagliai M,Vignozzi N,Pellegrini S.Soil structure and the effect of management practices[J].Soil&tillage research,2004,79(2):131-143.
[13]张黎明,邓万刚.土壤改良剂的研究与应用现状[J].华南热带农业大学学报,2005,11(2):32-34.
[14]鲁向晖,高鹏,王飞,等.宁夏南部山区秸秆覆盖对春玉米水分利用及产量的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(6):1248-1251.
[15]熊荟菁,张乃明,赵学通,等.秸秆生物炭对葡萄园土壤改良效应及葡萄品质的影响[J].土壤通报,2018,49(04):936-941.
[16]刘慧军,刘景辉,于健,等.土壤改良剂对土壤紧实度及燕麦生长状况的影响[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(03):130-134.
[2]杨晓娟,李春俭.机械压实对土壤质量、作物生长、土壤生物及环境的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(7):2008-2015.
[3]贺明荣,王振林.土壤紧实度变化对小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(4):649-654.
[4]蒋向,贺德先,任洪志,等.轮耕对麦田土壤容重和小麦根系发育的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(4):711-715.
[5]李素娟,陈继康,陈阜,等.华北平原免耕冬小麦生长发育特征研究[J].作物学报,2008,34(2):290-296.
[6]王改玲,郝明德,许继光,等.保护性耕作对黄土高原南部地区小麦产量及土壤理化性质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(3):539-544.
[7]刘爽,何文清,严昌荣,等.不同耕作措施对旱地农田土壤物理特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(2):65-70.
[8]Bhattacharyya R,Prakash V,Kundu S,et al.Effect of tillage and crop rotations on pore size distribution and soil hydraulic conductivity in sandy clay loam soil of the Indian Himalayas[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2006,86(2):129-140.
[9]Kaiser M,Ellerbrock R H.Functional characterization of soil organic matter fractions different in solubility originating from a long-term field experiment[J].Geoderma,2005,127(3-4):196-206.
[10]张兴义,隋跃宇.土壤压实对农作物影响概述[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(10):161-164.
[11]Bolan N S,Adriano D C,Natesan R,et al.Effects of organic amendments on the reduction and phytoavailability of chromate in mineral soil[J].Journal of environmental quality,2003,32(1):120-128.
[12]Pagliai M,Vignozzi N,Pellegrini S.Soil structure and the effect of management practices[J].Soil&tillage research,2004,79(2):131-143.
[13]张黎明,邓万刚.土壤改良剂的研究与应用现状[J].华南热带农业大学学报,2005,11(2):32-34.
[14]鲁向晖,高鹏,王飞,等.宁夏南部山区秸秆覆盖对春玉米水分利用及产量的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(6):1248-1251.
[15]熊荟菁,张乃明,赵学通,等.秸秆生物炭对葡萄园土壤改良效应及葡萄品质的影响[J].土壤通报,2018,49(04):936-941.
[16]刘慧军,刘景辉,于健,等.土壤改良剂对土壤紧实度及燕麦生长状况的影响[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(03):130-134.
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