基质改良对赤泥碱性矿物转变和团聚体稳定性的影响（英文）
|
摘要
赤泥规模化处置关系到氧化铝工业的可持续发展,迄今尚无经济可行的处置方法,而赤泥土壤化则是一种极具发展前景的赤泥生态化处置方法。通过土柱实验,研究改良材料(CK:对照;PG:磷石膏;PVC:磷石膏+蚯蚓菌肥)对赤泥团聚体稳定性及碱性矿物相变化的影响,结果表明:在CK,PG和PVC改良条件下1～0.25 mm团聚体颗粒比例最大,分别为39.34%、39.38%和44.51%;改良材料PG和PVC可显著降低赤泥中pH、EC、ESP、交换态Na含量和碱性矿物含量,增加赤泥交换态Ca~(2+)含量;赤泥pH值与交换态Na~+含量和钙霞石、铝酸三钙、碳酸钙的含量呈正相关关系,而与交换态Ca~(2+)含量呈负相关;磷石膏和蚯蚓菌肥联用可明显降低赤泥碱性矿物含量、增强团聚体结构的稳定性。研究结果为赤泥碱性调控及土壤化过程团聚体稳定性调控提供科学依据。
Bauxite residue is an alkaline waste material in the process of alumina production due to its characteristics of higher salinity and alkalinity, which results in environmental issues and extremely restricts the sustainable development of alumina industries. In this work, we conduct a column experiment to study the effects of two amendments on aggregate stability and variations in alkaline minerals of bauxite residue. The two amendments are phosphogypsum(PG)and phosphogypsum and vermicompost(PVC). The dominant fraction in aggregate is 1–0.25 mm in diameter on the surface, which takes up 39.34%, 39.38%, and 44.51 % for CK, PG, and PVC, respectively. Additions of PG and PVC decreased pH, EC, ESP, exchangeable Na~+ concentration and the percentage of alkaline minerals, and then increased exchangeable Ca~(2+) concentration in bauxite residue. There was significant positive correlation between pH and exchangeable Na~+ concentration, the percentage of cancrinite, tricalcium aluminate and calcite; while negative correlation was found in pH value versus exchangeable Ca~(2+) concentration. Theses findings confirmed that additions of phosphogypsum and vermicompost have a stimulative effect on aggregate stability in bauxite residue. In particular,amendment neutralization(phosphogypsum + vermicompost) in column represents an advantage for large-scale simulation of vegetation rehabilitate in bauxite residue disposal areas.
Bauxite residue is an alkaline waste material in the process of alumina production due to its characteristics of higher salinity and alkalinity, which results in environmental issues and extremely restricts the sustainable development of alumina industries. In this work, we conduct a column experiment to study the effects of two amendments on aggregate stability and variations in alkaline minerals of bauxite residue. The two amendments are phosphogypsum(PG)and phosphogypsum and vermicompost(PVC). The dominant fraction in aggregate is 1–0.25 mm in diameter on the surface, which takes up 39.34%, 39.38%, and 44.51 % for CK, PG, and PVC, respectively. Additions of PG and PVC decreased pH, EC, ESP, exchangeable Na~+ concentration and the percentage of alkaline minerals, and then increased exchangeable Ca~(2+) concentration in bauxite residue. There was significant positive correlation between pH and exchangeable Na~+ concentration, the percentage of cancrinite, tricalcium aluminate and calcite; while negative correlation was found in pH value versus exchangeable Ca~(2+) concentration. Theses findings confirmed that additions of phosphogypsum and vermicompost have a stimulative effect on aggregate stability in bauxite residue. In particular,amendment neutralization(phosphogypsum + vermicompost) in column represents an advantage for large-scale simulation of vegetation rehabilitate in bauxite residue disposal areas.
引文
[1]XUE Sheng-guo,KONG Xiang-feng,ZHU Feng,HARTLEY W,LI Xiao-fei,LI Yi-Wei.Proposal for management and alkalinity transformation of bauxite residue in China[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(13):12822-12834.DOI:10.1007/s11356-016-6478-7.
[2]ZHU Feng,CHENG Qing-yu,XUE Sheng-guo,LI Chu-xuan,HARTLEY W,WU Chuan.TIAN Tao.Influence of natural regeneration on fractal features of residue microaggregates in bauxite residue disposal areas[J].Land Degradation and Development,2018,29(1):138-149.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2848.
[3]ZHU Feng,LIAO Jia-xin,XUE Sheng-guo,HARTLEY W,ZOU Qi,WU Hao.Evaluation of aggregate microstructures following natural regeneration in bauxite residue as characterized by synchrotron-based X-ray micro-computed tomography[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,573:155-163.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.108.
[4]KONG Xiang-feng,LI Meng,XUE Sheng-guo,HARTLEYW,CHEN Cheng-rong,WU Chuan,LI Xiao-fei,LI Yi-wei.Acid transformation of bauxite residue:Conversion of its alkaline characteristics[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2017,324:382-390.DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.073.
[5]KONG Xiang-feng,TIAN Tao,XUE Sheng-guo,HARTLEY W,HUANG Long-bing,WU Chuan,LIChuan-xuan.Development of alkaline electro-chemical characteristics demonstrates soil formation in bauxite residue undergoing natural rehabilitation[J].Land Degradation and Development,2018,29:58-67.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2836.
[6]WU Chuan,HUANG Liu,XUE Sheng-guo,HUANGYu-ying,HARTLEY W,CUI Meng-qian,WONGMing-hung.Arsenic sorption by red mud-modified biochar produced from rice straw[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2017,24:18168-18178.DOI:10.1007/s11356-016-9466-7.
[7]XUE Sheng-guo,WU Yu-jun,LI Yi-wei,KONG Xiang-feng,ZHU Feng,WILLIAM H,LI Xiao-fei,YE Yu-zhen.Industrial wastes applications for alkalinity regulation in bauxite residue:A comprehensive review[J].Journal of Central South University,2019,26(2):268-288.
[8]XUE Sheng-guo,ZHU Feng,KONG Xiang-feng,WUChuan,HUANG Ling,HUANG Nan,HARTLEY W.Areview of the characterization and revegetation of bauxite residues(red mud)[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23:1120-1132.DOI:10.1007/s11356-015-4558-8.
[9]WANG Jun,CHENG Qing-yu,XUE Sheng-guo,RAJENDRAN M,WU Chuan,LIAO Jia-xin.Pollution characteristics of surface runoff under different restoration types in manganese tailing wasteland[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,10:9998-10005.DOI:10.1007/s11356-018-1338-2.
[10]ZHU Feng,ZHOU Jia-yi,XUE Sheng-guo,HARTLEY W,WU Chuan,GUO Ying.Aging of bauxite residue in association of regeneration:A comparison of methods to determine aggregate stability and erosion resistance[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,92:47-54.DOI:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.03.025.
[11]XUE Sheng-guo,YE Yu-zhen,ZHU Feng,WANG Qiong-li,JIANG Jun,HARTLEY W.Changes in distribution and microstructurre of bauxite residue aggregates following amendments addition[J].Journal of Environment Sciences,2019,78:276-286.DOI:10.1016/j.jes.2018.05.016.
[12]XUE Sheng-guo,LI Meng,JIANG Jun,MILLAR G J,LIChu-xuan,KONG Xiang-feng.Phosphogypsum stabilization of bauxite residue:Conversion of its alkaline characteristics[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2019,77:1-10.DOI:10.1016/j.jes.2018.05.016.
[13]COURTNEY R,HARRINGTON T.Growth and nutrition of Holcus lanatus,in bauxite residue amended with combinations of spent mushroom compost and gypsum[J].Land Degradation and Development,2012,23(2):144-149.DOI:10.1002/ldr.1062.
[14]AKSAKAL E L,SARI S,ANGIN I.Effects of vermicompost application on soil aggregation and certain physical properties[J].Land Degradation and Development,2016,27(4):983-995.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2350.
[15]CLARK M W,JOHNSTON M,REICHELT-BRUSHETT AJ.Comparison of several different neutralisations to a bauxite refinery residue:Potential effectiveness environmental ameliorants[J].Applied Geochemistry,2015,56:1-10.DOI:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.01.015.
[16]JOHNSTON M,CLARK M W,MCMAHON P,WARD N.Alkalinity conversion of bauxite refinery residues by neutralization[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,182(1):710-715.DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.091.
[17]BURKE I T,PEACOCK C L,LOCKWOOD C L,STEWART D I,MORTIMER R J,WARD M B,RENFORTH P,GRUIZ K,MAYES W M.Behavior of aluminum,arsenic,and vanadium during the neutralization of red mud leachate by HCl,gypsum,or seawater[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2013,47(12):6527-6535.DOI:10.1021/es4010834.
[18]MAHMOUD E,ABD EI-KADER N.Heavy metal immobilization in contaminated soils using phosphogypsum and rice straw compost[J].Land Degradation and Development,2015,26(8):819-824.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2288.
[19]QADIR M,NOBLEA D,SCHUBER S,THOMAS R J,ARSLAN A.Sodicity-induced land degradation and its sustainable management:problems and prospects[J].Land Degradation and Development,2010,17(6):661-676.DOI:10.1002/ldr.751.
[20]GR?FE M,KLAUBER C.Bauxite residue issues IV.:Old obstacles and new pathways for in situ residue bioremediation[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,108:46-59.DOI:10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.02.005.
[21]GOSWAMI L,NATH A,SUTRADHAR S,BHATTACHARYA S S,KALAMDHAD A,VELLINGIRI K,KIM K H.Application of drum compost and vermicompost to improve soil health,growth,and yield parameters for tomato and cabbage plants[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017,200(15):243-252.DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.073.
[22]ZHU Feng,HOU Jinag-tao,XUE Sheng-guo,WU Chuan,WANG Qiong-li,HARTLEY W.Vermicompost and Gypsum amendments improve aggregate formation in bauxite residue[J].Land Degradation and Development,2017,28(7):2109-2120.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2737.
[23]YILMAZ E.Assessment of the role of agricultural wastes in aggregate formation and their stability[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2014,144(21):93-100.DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.023.
[24]COURTNEY R G,JORDAN S N,HARRINGTON T.Physico-chemical changes in bauxite residue following application of spent mushroom compost and gypsum[J].Land Degradation and Development,2010,20(5):572-581.DOI:10.1002/ldr.926.
[25]JONES B E,HAYNES R J.Cation and anion leaching and growth of Acacia saligna in bauxite residue sand amended with residue mud,poultry manure and phosphogypsum[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2012,19(3):835-846.DOI:10.1007/s11356-011-0630-1.
[26]JALALI M,RANJBAR F.Effects of sodic water on soil sodicity and nutrient leaching in poultry and sheep manure amended soils[J].Geoderma,2009,153(1):194-204.DOI:10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.004.
[27]POWER G,GRAFE M,KLAUBER C.Bauxite residue issues:I.current management,disposal and storage practices[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,108:33-45.DOI:10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.02.006.
[28]SNARS K,GILKES R J.Evaluation of bauxite residues(red muds)of different origins for environmental applications[J].Applied Clay Science,2009,46(1):13-20.DOI:10.1016/j.clay.2009.06.014.
[2]ZHU Feng,CHENG Qing-yu,XUE Sheng-guo,LI Chu-xuan,HARTLEY W,WU Chuan.TIAN Tao.Influence of natural regeneration on fractal features of residue microaggregates in bauxite residue disposal areas[J].Land Degradation and Development,2018,29(1):138-149.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2848.
[3]ZHU Feng,LIAO Jia-xin,XUE Sheng-guo,HARTLEY W,ZOU Qi,WU Hao.Evaluation of aggregate microstructures following natural regeneration in bauxite residue as characterized by synchrotron-based X-ray micro-computed tomography[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,573:155-163.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.108.
[4]KONG Xiang-feng,LI Meng,XUE Sheng-guo,HARTLEYW,CHEN Cheng-rong,WU Chuan,LI Xiao-fei,LI Yi-wei.Acid transformation of bauxite residue:Conversion of its alkaline characteristics[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2017,324:382-390.DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.073.
[5]KONG Xiang-feng,TIAN Tao,XUE Sheng-guo,HARTLEY W,HUANG Long-bing,WU Chuan,LIChuan-xuan.Development of alkaline electro-chemical characteristics demonstrates soil formation in bauxite residue undergoing natural rehabilitation[J].Land Degradation and Development,2018,29:58-67.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2836.
[6]WU Chuan,HUANG Liu,XUE Sheng-guo,HUANGYu-ying,HARTLEY W,CUI Meng-qian,WONGMing-hung.Arsenic sorption by red mud-modified biochar produced from rice straw[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2017,24:18168-18178.DOI:10.1007/s11356-016-9466-7.
[7]XUE Sheng-guo,WU Yu-jun,LI Yi-wei,KONG Xiang-feng,ZHU Feng,WILLIAM H,LI Xiao-fei,YE Yu-zhen.Industrial wastes applications for alkalinity regulation in bauxite residue:A comprehensive review[J].Journal of Central South University,2019,26(2):268-288.
[8]XUE Sheng-guo,ZHU Feng,KONG Xiang-feng,WUChuan,HUANG Ling,HUANG Nan,HARTLEY W.Areview of the characterization and revegetation of bauxite residues(red mud)[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23:1120-1132.DOI:10.1007/s11356-015-4558-8.
[9]WANG Jun,CHENG Qing-yu,XUE Sheng-guo,RAJENDRAN M,WU Chuan,LIAO Jia-xin.Pollution characteristics of surface runoff under different restoration types in manganese tailing wasteland[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,10:9998-10005.DOI:10.1007/s11356-018-1338-2.
[10]ZHU Feng,ZHOU Jia-yi,XUE Sheng-guo,HARTLEY W,WU Chuan,GUO Ying.Aging of bauxite residue in association of regeneration:A comparison of methods to determine aggregate stability and erosion resistance[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,92:47-54.DOI:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.03.025.
[11]XUE Sheng-guo,YE Yu-zhen,ZHU Feng,WANG Qiong-li,JIANG Jun,HARTLEY W.Changes in distribution and microstructurre of bauxite residue aggregates following amendments addition[J].Journal of Environment Sciences,2019,78:276-286.DOI:10.1016/j.jes.2018.05.016.
[12]XUE Sheng-guo,LI Meng,JIANG Jun,MILLAR G J,LIChu-xuan,KONG Xiang-feng.Phosphogypsum stabilization of bauxite residue:Conversion of its alkaline characteristics[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2019,77:1-10.DOI:10.1016/j.jes.2018.05.016.
[13]COURTNEY R,HARRINGTON T.Growth and nutrition of Holcus lanatus,in bauxite residue amended with combinations of spent mushroom compost and gypsum[J].Land Degradation and Development,2012,23(2):144-149.DOI:10.1002/ldr.1062.
[14]AKSAKAL E L,SARI S,ANGIN I.Effects of vermicompost application on soil aggregation and certain physical properties[J].Land Degradation and Development,2016,27(4):983-995.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2350.
[15]CLARK M W,JOHNSTON M,REICHELT-BRUSHETT AJ.Comparison of several different neutralisations to a bauxite refinery residue:Potential effectiveness environmental ameliorants[J].Applied Geochemistry,2015,56:1-10.DOI:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.01.015.
[16]JOHNSTON M,CLARK M W,MCMAHON P,WARD N.Alkalinity conversion of bauxite refinery residues by neutralization[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,182(1):710-715.DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.091.
[17]BURKE I T,PEACOCK C L,LOCKWOOD C L,STEWART D I,MORTIMER R J,WARD M B,RENFORTH P,GRUIZ K,MAYES W M.Behavior of aluminum,arsenic,and vanadium during the neutralization of red mud leachate by HCl,gypsum,or seawater[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2013,47(12):6527-6535.DOI:10.1021/es4010834.
[18]MAHMOUD E,ABD EI-KADER N.Heavy metal immobilization in contaminated soils using phosphogypsum and rice straw compost[J].Land Degradation and Development,2015,26(8):819-824.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2288.
[19]QADIR M,NOBLEA D,SCHUBER S,THOMAS R J,ARSLAN A.Sodicity-induced land degradation and its sustainable management:problems and prospects[J].Land Degradation and Development,2010,17(6):661-676.DOI:10.1002/ldr.751.
[20]GR?FE M,KLAUBER C.Bauxite residue issues IV.:Old obstacles and new pathways for in situ residue bioremediation[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,108:46-59.DOI:10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.02.005.
[21]GOSWAMI L,NATH A,SUTRADHAR S,BHATTACHARYA S S,KALAMDHAD A,VELLINGIRI K,KIM K H.Application of drum compost and vermicompost to improve soil health,growth,and yield parameters for tomato and cabbage plants[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017,200(15):243-252.DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.073.
[22]ZHU Feng,HOU Jinag-tao,XUE Sheng-guo,WU Chuan,WANG Qiong-li,HARTLEY W.Vermicompost and Gypsum amendments improve aggregate formation in bauxite residue[J].Land Degradation and Development,2017,28(7):2109-2120.DOI:10.1002/ldr.2737.
[23]YILMAZ E.Assessment of the role of agricultural wastes in aggregate formation and their stability[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2014,144(21):93-100.DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.023.
[24]COURTNEY R G,JORDAN S N,HARRINGTON T.Physico-chemical changes in bauxite residue following application of spent mushroom compost and gypsum[J].Land Degradation and Development,2010,20(5):572-581.DOI:10.1002/ldr.926.
[25]JONES B E,HAYNES R J.Cation and anion leaching and growth of Acacia saligna in bauxite residue sand amended with residue mud,poultry manure and phosphogypsum[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2012,19(3):835-846.DOI:10.1007/s11356-011-0630-1.
[26]JALALI M,RANJBAR F.Effects of sodic water on soil sodicity and nutrient leaching in poultry and sheep manure amended soils[J].Geoderma,2009,153(1):194-204.DOI:10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.004.
[27]POWER G,GRAFE M,KLAUBER C.Bauxite residue issues:I.current management,disposal and storage practices[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,108:33-45.DOI:10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.02.006.
[28]SNARS K,GILKES R J.Evaluation of bauxite residues(red muds)of different origins for environmental applications[J].Applied Clay Science,2009,46(1):13-20.DOI:10.1016/j.clay.2009.06.014.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |