滨海社区空间演变分形研究——以厦门市高浦社区为例
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摘要
滨海城市社区的空间形态及其海岸线表现出一定程度的复杂性,发展量化描述方法对于其可发展研究有重要的理论与应用价值。本研究基于分形理论,以滨海城市厦门的高浦社区为研究对象,利用计盒法对该滨海社区空间形态和边界进行复杂性分析和分形维计算,研究社区空间形态复杂性演变规律。结果表明:作为典型海湾渔村的高浦社区空间形态具有分数维,呈现分形结构特性。自1989年至今,该社区空间形态的分形维数呈现增长态势;社区边界的分形维数呈现下降态势。社区空间形态的分形维数与社区建筑占地面积、建筑总面积、建筑密度、容积率都表现出相关性。这表明滨海社区在快速城市化进程中,社区规模急剧扩张可能会导致空间形态和边界复杂性的显著变化。
Urban spatial form shows a certain degrees of complexity,and developing its quantitative description method is both theoretically and practically important for urban community construction in the coastal areas. Based on the fractal theory,this paper analyzes the spatial form of a typical fishery village by the sea,Gaopu community in Xiamen,by box-counting method and calculates the fractal dimension to study the complexity evolution of community spatial form. The results mdicate that the spatial form of the community has fractal dimension characterized by its fractal structures. Since 1989 the fractal dimension of community spatial form increases but fractal dimension of the community boundary decreases. The estimated fractal dimension of community spatial distribution has statistical correlations with the total community building area,total construction area,building density,and volume ratio.The results indicate that community expansion may have led to significant changes in community spatial form and the boundary complexity due to 30-year rapid urbanization in coastal areas.
Urban spatial form shows a certain degrees of complexity,and developing its quantitative description method is both theoretically and practically important for urban community construction in the coastal areas. Based on the fractal theory,this paper analyzes the spatial form of a typical fishery village by the sea,Gaopu community in Xiamen,by box-counting method and calculates the fractal dimension to study the complexity evolution of community spatial form. The results mdicate that the spatial form of the community has fractal dimension characterized by its fractal structures. Since 1989 the fractal dimension of community spatial form increases but fractal dimension of the community boundary decreases. The estimated fractal dimension of community spatial distribution has statistical correlations with the total community building area,total construction area,building density,and volume ratio.The results indicate that community expansion may have led to significant changes in community spatial form and the boundary complexity due to 30-year rapid urbanization in coastal areas.
引文
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[19]梁发超，刘诗苑，刘黎明．基于分形理论的乡村聚落景观空间特征及演变:以厦门市为例[J]．应用生态学报，2017,28(8):2 640-2 648．
[20]梁发超，刘诗苑，起晓星．厦门市乡村聚落用地空间演变解析及优化策略[J]．经济地理，2017,37(12):172-179．
[21]俞晓牮，赵志庆，林威呈．“自组织视野下王都坂社区营造”[J]．城市建筑，2018(5):107-110．
[22]俞晓牮，赵志庆．厦门港核心区发展演变的句法解析及其延伸性思考[J]．建筑学报，2018(s1):174-178．
[23]刘韵卓，梅洪元．自组织视角下的集群形态空间设计方法:贵州义龙秋水湖城市设计探索[J]．城市建筑，2018(25):114-116．
[24]陈路旋，康健，陈冰．反思中国城中村改造问题:英国谢菲尔德贫民窟演变的启示[J]．西部人居环境学刊，2016,31(5):63-67.
[2]ENCARNA??O S,GAUDIANO M,SANTOS F C,et al.Fractal cartography of urban areas[J].Scientific Reports,2012,2:1-5．
[3]李猷，王仰麟，彭建，等．深圳市1978年至2005年海岸线的动态演变分析[J]．资源科学，2009,31(5):875-883．
[4]张云，张建丽，景昕蒂，等．1990年以来我国大陆海岸线变迁及分形维数研究[J]．海洋环境科学，2015,34(3):406-410．
[5]马小峰，邹亚荣，刘善伟．基于分形维数理论的海岸线遥感分类与变迁研究[J]．海洋开发与管理，2015,32(1):30-33．
[6]BATTY M.The size,scale,and shape of cities[J].Science,2008,319(5 864):769-771．
[7]ALAM M.Double exposure and fractal city:cultural disengagement and disembodied belonging due to outdoor thermal changes[J].Journal of Regional and City Planning,2018,29(1):67-82．
[8]BATTY M,LONGLEY P A.Fractal cities:a geometry of form and function[M].New York:Academic Press,1994．
[9]FRANKHAUSER P.The fractal approach,a new tool for the spatial analysis of urban agglomerations[J].Population:An English Selection,1998,10(1):205-240．
[10]SHEN G.Fractal dimension and fractal growth of urbanized areas[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2002,16(5):419-437．
[11]CHEN Y.A new model of urban population density indicating latent fractal structure[J].International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development,2010,1(1/2):89-110．
[12]向丽，蒋团标．珠江-西江经济带城市脆弱性综合评价及时空演变研究[J]．广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)，2017,53(5):26-33．
[13]姜世国，周一星．北京城市形态的分形集聚特征及其实践意义[J]．地理研究，2006,25(2):204-212．
[14]余瑞林，王新生，孙艳玲，等．中国城市空间形态分形维及时空演变[J]．地域研究与开发，2007,26(2):43-47．
[15]CHEN Y.Modeling fractal structure of city-size distributions using correlation functions[J].PLo S ONE,2011,6(9):e24791．
[16]文晓璐．哈尔滨乡村聚落自组织空间形态研究[D]．哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学，2016．
[17]陈彦光．城市形态的分维估算与分形判定[J]．地理科学进展，2017,36(5):529-539．
[18]秦静，方创琳，王洋，等．基于三维计盒法的城市空间形态分维计算和分析[J]．地理研究，2015,34(1):85-96．
[19]梁发超，刘诗苑，刘黎明．基于分形理论的乡村聚落景观空间特征及演变:以厦门市为例[J]．应用生态学报，2017,28(8):2 640-2 648．
[20]梁发超，刘诗苑，起晓星．厦门市乡村聚落用地空间演变解析及优化策略[J]．经济地理，2017,37(12):172-179．
[21]俞晓牮，赵志庆，林威呈．“自组织视野下王都坂社区营造”[J]．城市建筑，2018(5):107-110．
[22]俞晓牮，赵志庆．厦门港核心区发展演变的句法解析及其延伸性思考[J]．建筑学报，2018(s1):174-178．
[23]刘韵卓，梅洪元．自组织视角下的集群形态空间设计方法:贵州义龙秋水湖城市设计探索[J]．城市建筑，2018(25):114-116．
[24]陈路旋，康健，陈冰．反思中国城中村改造问题:英国谢菲尔德贫民窟演变的启示[J]．西部人居环境学刊，2016,31(5):63-67.
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