基于“一带一路”建设的环渤海地区港口优势评价
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摘要
港口作为海陆运输的节点,是一个城市和国家的重要门户,对推动经济发展和对外贸易有着不可忽视的作用。基于国家提出的"一带一路"建设,评估环渤海港口的发展优势,逐步实现从沿海、沿江开放向内陆延伸具有重要意义。文章选取环渤海港口中的大连、天津、唐山、丹东、营口、锦州、秦皇岛、黄骅、日照、青岛、威海和烟台共12个港口进行发展优势对比。从港口吞吐量、港口规模范围、港口城市及腹地、港口未来发展4个方面构建环渤海港口优势评价体系。并利用熵权-TOPSIS法进行深入的实证分析。结果表明,环渤海港口群港口发展优势水平悬殊,基本可以分为4个档次。基于此,环渤海各港口应合理准确定位,通过错位发展和协同合作等方式谋求共赢。
As a node of land and sea transportation,port is an important gateway for a city and a country,and plays an important role in promoting economic development and foreign trade.Based on the"One Belt and One Road"construction proposed by the state,it is of great significance to evaluate the development advantages of the Bohai Sea port and gradually realize its opening from the coast and the Yangtze River to the inland.This paper choose 12 ports around the Bohai Sea,including Dalian,Tianjin,Tangshan,Dandong,Yingkou,Jinzhou,Qinhuangdao,Huanghua,Rizhao,Qingdao,Weihai and Yantai,to compare their development advantages.An evaluation system of port advantages around Bohai Sea was constructed from four aspects:port throughput,port scale,port cities,hinterland and future development of ports.The method of Entropy WeightTOPSIS was used to make an in-depth empirical analysis.The results showed that the developing advantages of the ports around Bohai Sea were quite different,which could be basically divided into four grades.Therefore,the ports around the Bohai Sea should be positioned reasonably and accurately,and seek win-win situation through dislocation development and collaboration.
As a node of land and sea transportation,port is an important gateway for a city and a country,and plays an important role in promoting economic development and foreign trade.Based on the"One Belt and One Road"construction proposed by the state,it is of great significance to evaluate the development advantages of the Bohai Sea port and gradually realize its opening from the coast and the Yangtze River to the inland.This paper choose 12 ports around the Bohai Sea,including Dalian,Tianjin,Tangshan,Dandong,Yingkou,Jinzhou,Qinhuangdao,Huanghua,Rizhao,Qingdao,Weihai and Yantai,to compare their development advantages.An evaluation system of port advantages around Bohai Sea was constructed from four aspects:port throughput,port scale,port cities,hinterland and future development of ports.The method of Entropy WeightTOPSIS was used to make an in-depth empirical analysis.The results showed that the developing advantages of the ports around Bohai Sea were quite different,which could be basically divided into four grades.Therefore,the ports around the Bohai Sea should be positioned reasonably and accurately,and seek win-win situation through dislocation development and collaboration.
引文
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[19]王爱虎,匡桂华.中国沿海集装箱港口群体系结构演化与竞争态势[J].经济地理,2014,34(6):92-99.
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[22] JIN H P,PARK I Y,KWUN Y C,et al.Extension of the TOPSIS method for decision making problems under interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2011,35(5):2544-2556.
[2]新华网.“一带一路”建设海上合作设想[EB/OL].(2017-06-20)[2019-01-10].http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2017-06/20/c_1121176798.htm,.
[3]中共中央国务院发出关于全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地的若干意见[J].城市规划通讯,2016(9):1.
[4]何天祥.区域优势理论分析与评价模型[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2010.
[5]陆锋,陈洁.武汉城市圈城市区位与可达性分析[J].地理科学进展,2008,27(4):68-74.
[6]郭建科,王绍博,王辉,等.国家级风景名胜区区位优势度综合测评[J].经济地理,2017,37(1):187-195.
[7]徐明德,王森.基于道路和城镇的区位优势度分析[J].世界地理研究,2009,18(4):91-99.
[8]陆锋.基于重力模型评价武汉城市圈的区位优势度[J].经济地理,2017(1):187-195.
[9]董洁霜,范炳全,刘魏巍.港口区位势模式及其增长机制[J].系统工程理论方法应用,2006,15(3):215-219.
[10]金凤君,王成金,李秀伟.中国区域交通优势的甄别方法及应用分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(8):787-798.
[11]吕梁.港口综合竞争力评价模型与方法及其实证研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2011.
[12]彭勃.舟山群岛新区港口区位势评价及其发展战略研究:基于舟山、宁波、上海三港区位势的实证分析[J].经济地理,2013,33(6):114-118.
[13]巩亚文.基于主成分分析-BP神经网络的港口争力评价研究[D].长安:长安大学,2015.
[14]乔红.生态型港口评价体系研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2012.
[15]胡颖.基于层次-熵权法的低碳港口评价研究[D].深圳:深圳大学,2016.
[16]吴慧,王道平,张茜,等.基于云模型的国际邮轮港口竞争力评价与比较研究[J].中国软科学,2015,15(2):166-174.
[17] YOON J,LEE H Y,DINWOODIE J.Competitiveness of container terminal operating companies in South Korea and the industry-university-government network[J].Transportation Research Part A:Policy and Practice,2015,80:1-14.
[18]王成金.现代港口地理学的研究进展及展望[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(3):243-251.
[19]王爱虎,匡桂华.中国沿海集装箱港口群体系结构演化与竞争态势[J].经济地理,2014,34(6):92-99.
[20] HWANG C L,YOON K.Multiple Attribute Decision Making[M].MBerlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,1981.
[21]周宇,马仁锋,王益澄,等.港口群视阈下中国沿海港口竞争力评价及类型判识[J].水道港口,2017,38(6):639-646.
[22] JIN H P,PARK I Y,KWUN Y C,et al.Extension of the TOPSIS method for decision making problems under interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2011,35(5):2544-2556.
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