红河烟区不同类型植烟土壤养分分析
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摘要
【目的】为了解红河州不同类型植烟土壤的肥力丰缺状况。【方法】采集红河烟区不同类型土壤样品888份,并对土壤样品的9项土壤养分指标进行测定分析。【结果】6种类型土壤的平均pH除黄壤稍低外,均在烤烟适宜生长的范围内;有机质平均含量除胶泥土外,均高于适宜有机质含量范围;碱解氮含量平均值最高的是黄壤,达162.67 mg/kg,胶泥土碱解氮平均含量最低,为106.37 mg/kg;速效磷平均含量除黄壤外,均在中等范围水平,速效磷平均含量最高的是砂壤土,为39.60 mg/kg,最低的是红壤,为23.03 mg/kg;速效钾平均含量红壤最高,为230.50 mg/kg,其余类型土壤均在中等范围内,最低为黄壤,为160.89 mg/kg。水溶性氯平均含量最高的是黄壤,最低的是粘土。6种类型土壤有效锌含量均能够满足优质烤烟生产的需求;6种类型土壤有效硼平均含量均低于临界值;6种类型土壤有效钼含量除了黄壤,其余5种类型土壤在临界值以下的比例均较大。【结论】红河烟区黄壤偏酸,应施用碱性肥料改良;胶泥土有机质及碱解氮含量低,要注意有机肥及氮肥的补充;黄壤中水溶性氯含量高,应禁施含氯肥料;6种类型土壤的有效硼和有效钼普遍偏低,应增加硼肥和钼肥的施用。
【Objective】The present paper aimed to understand the fertility status of different types of tobacco planting soils in Honghe Prefecture. 【Method】888 soil samples were collected from different types of tobacco planting soils in Honghe Prefecture. 【Result】The results showed that the average pH of the six types of soils except yellow soil was slightly lower, the of soil pH other types was all within the suitable growth range of flue-cured tobacco; the average content of organic matter except clay soil was higher than that of suitable organic matter content; the highest average content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was yellow soil, which reached 162.67 mg/kg. The average content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was the lowest in clay soil(106.37 mg/kg); the average content of available phosphorus was at middle level except yellow soil, the highest was sandy loam soil(39.60 mg/kg); the lowest was red soil(23.03 mg/kg); The average content of available potassium was the highest in red soil(230.50 mg/kg); the other types of soil was at the middle level, and the lowest in yellow soil(160.89 mg/kg). The content of water-soluble chlorine was highest in yellow soil, and the lowest in clay soil. Available zinc content of six types soils could meet the needs of high-quality flue-cured tobacco production, available boron content was lower than the critical value, available molybdenum content was higher than the critical value, but the proportion of available molybdenum content in other five types of soils was higher than the critical value except yellow soil. 【Conclusion】Overall, alkaline fertilizer should be applied to improve the acidic yellow soil in Honghe tobacco-growing area, organic matter and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen content in clay soil was low, organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be supplemented, chlorine-containing fertilizer should be forbidden in yellow soil with high water-soluble chlorine content, and available boron and molybdenum in six types of soils was generally low, so which should be increased.
【Objective】The present paper aimed to understand the fertility status of different types of tobacco planting soils in Honghe Prefecture. 【Method】888 soil samples were collected from different types of tobacco planting soils in Honghe Prefecture. 【Result】The results showed that the average pH of the six types of soils except yellow soil was slightly lower, the of soil pH other types was all within the suitable growth range of flue-cured tobacco; the average content of organic matter except clay soil was higher than that of suitable organic matter content; the highest average content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was yellow soil, which reached 162.67 mg/kg. The average content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was the lowest in clay soil(106.37 mg/kg); the average content of available phosphorus was at middle level except yellow soil, the highest was sandy loam soil(39.60 mg/kg); the lowest was red soil(23.03 mg/kg); The average content of available potassium was the highest in red soil(230.50 mg/kg); the other types of soil was at the middle level, and the lowest in yellow soil(160.89 mg/kg). The content of water-soluble chlorine was highest in yellow soil, and the lowest in clay soil. Available zinc content of six types soils could meet the needs of high-quality flue-cured tobacco production, available boron content was lower than the critical value, available molybdenum content was higher than the critical value, but the proportion of available molybdenum content in other five types of soils was higher than the critical value except yellow soil. 【Conclusion】Overall, alkaline fertilizer should be applied to improve the acidic yellow soil in Honghe tobacco-growing area, organic matter and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen content in clay soil was low, organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be supplemented, chlorine-containing fertilizer should be forbidden in yellow soil with high water-soluble chlorine content, and available boron and molybdenum in six types of soils was generally low, so which should be increased.
引文
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[18]王亚虹,卢秀萍,许自成,等.植烟土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量及其交互作用对烤烟钾含量的影响[J].中国农业科技导报,2017,19(11):108-116.
[19]商静,许嘉阳,范艺宽,等.高氯土壤条件下烤烟对Cl-通道抑制剂的生理响应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):460-467.
[20]石翔,夏志林,管世栓,等.遵义市部分烟区烤烟中、微量元素含量及其空间分布[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(3):765-773.
[21]张鹏博.土地整理后烟田土壤有效中、微量养分状况与烤烟施用中、微肥的效应[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2016.
[22]杜卫民,潘兴兵,陈寿明,等.新型含硼复合肥对烤烟产质量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(30):87-90.
[23]梁兵,黄坤,阙劲松,等.红河植烟区烟叶品质与土壤中微量元素含量关系研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(4):824-829.
[24]刘哲,孙增慧,吕贻忠.长期不同施肥方式对华北地区温室和农田土壤团聚体形成特征的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(8):1119-1128.
[25]殷红慧,赵正雄,王丽萍,等.烟农施肥现状调查与分析[J].耕作与栽培,2005(5):16-18.
[26]李明德,肖汉乾,汤海涛,等.湖南烟区土壤含氯状况及烤烟施氯效应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(1):44-50.
[2]牛政洋,闫伸,郭青青,等.生物炭对两种典型植烟土壤养分、碳库及烤烟产质量的影响[J].土壤通报,2017(1):155-161.
[3]梁兵,黄坤,邵小东,等.红河烟区土壤主要养分含量及肥力适宜性评价[J].西南农业学报,2017(10):2290-2296.
[4]李枝桦,伞金辉,陈兴位,等.云南植烟土壤有机质与养分的关系及主要养分的空间变化[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(12):220-224.
[5]谭小兵,朱媛,杨焕文,等.烤烟根系分泌物自毒效应研究[J].西南农业学报,2018,31(7):1518-1522.
[6]陈文军.临沂烟区土壤类型与烟叶质量关系研究[D].中国农业科学院,2011.
[7]王允白,王宝华,计玉,等.山东沂水植烟土壤类型与烟叶品质关系的调查研究[J].中国烟草科学,2000,21(2):11-15.
[8]郑东方,翟欣,许自成,等.不同成土母岩类型与烤烟化学成分的灰关联聚类分析评价[J].土壤通报,2014,45(5):1065-1070.
[9]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[10]张杰,黄海棠,杨立均,等.氮素形态对烟草生长及品质影响的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(15):38-43.
[11]陈迪,潘伟槐,周哉材,等.植物营养元素运输载体的功能及其调控机制研究进展[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2018,44(3):283-293.
[12]张弘,刘世亮,朱金峰,等.相同碳氮比有机物料对烤烟生长发育及碳氮代谢的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(5):110-118.
[13]毛辉,张黎明.湘西植烟土壤养分状况分析及施肥建议[J].作物研究,2016,30(3):299-302.
[14]刘青丽,张云贵,焦永鸽,等.西南烟区氮素供应与烤烟氮素吸收的关系[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(3):757-764.
[15]樊玉星,张洁洁,闫凯龙,等.不同施氮水平对水稻土氮素供应和烤烟氮素吸收积累的影响[J].土壤,2016,48(3):455-462.
[16]谢瑞,易忠经,申修贤,等.不同磷肥施用量对植烟土壤磷有效性及烟叶产量和品质的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,36(6):38-43.
[17]陈洋,齐雁冰,王茵茵,等.秦巴中部山区耕地土壤速效钾空间变异及其影响因素[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(2):257-266.
[18]王亚虹,卢秀萍,许自成,等.植烟土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量及其交互作用对烤烟钾含量的影响[J].中国农业科技导报,2017,19(11):108-116.
[19]商静,许嘉阳,范艺宽,等.高氯土壤条件下烤烟对Cl-通道抑制剂的生理响应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):460-467.
[20]石翔,夏志林,管世栓,等.遵义市部分烟区烤烟中、微量元素含量及其空间分布[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(3):765-773.
[21]张鹏博.土地整理后烟田土壤有效中、微量养分状况与烤烟施用中、微肥的效应[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2016.
[22]杜卫民,潘兴兵,陈寿明,等.新型含硼复合肥对烤烟产质量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(30):87-90.
[23]梁兵,黄坤,阙劲松,等.红河植烟区烟叶品质与土壤中微量元素含量关系研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(4):824-829.
[24]刘哲,孙增慧,吕贻忠.长期不同施肥方式对华北地区温室和农田土壤团聚体形成特征的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(8):1119-1128.
[25]殷红慧,赵正雄,王丽萍,等.烟农施肥现状调查与分析[J].耕作与栽培,2005(5):16-18.
[26]李明德,肖汉乾,汤海涛,等.湖南烟区土壤含氯状况及烤烟施氯效应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(1):44-50.
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