湖南杏枫山金矿区首次发现高品位的钨矿体
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摘要
湖南隆回县杏枫山金矿床位于雪峰山弧形构造隆起带的中段,白马山岩体南缘,是一产于新元古界浅变质岩中的石英细脉型金矿,目前已开采了30余年。最近,笔者在该金矿区新发现了矽卡岩和高品位的钨矿体,这类矽卡岩型钨矿床,明显不同于雪峰山一带广泛分布的石英脉型钨矿床。该区矽卡岩在矿区非常发育,主要呈层状、似层状产出,与地层呈整合接触;白钨矿主要是以条带状、脉状充填于矽卡岩之中,少量分布于含金的石英脉中;该区钨矿石的品位高,所有中段矿石WO_3平均含量均在0.5%以上,部分中段可达到3.0%以上。初步研究显示,该区矽卡岩为一还原性矽卡岩,结合其层状产出特征,可推断杏枫山为一品位高、资源潜力大的钨矿床。杏枫山金矿区矽卡岩和钨矿体的发现,不仅具有十分重要的经济价值和社会效益,而且对认识湘中地区岩浆岩的演化与钨、金成矿,也很有价值。
The Xingfengshan gold deposit,located in the central part of the Xuefengshan arc uplift belt,is a typical quartz lode gold deposit hosted in Neoproterozoic meta-metamorphic rocks. This deposit has been mined for gold for more than 30 years. Recently,skarn and tungsten orebodies with high ore grades in skarns were first discovered by writer in this gold deposit. The newly-discovered skarn-type tungsten deposit is obviously different from those lode-type tungsten deposits,which are widespread throughout the Xuefengshan arc uplift belt. Skarn is common throughout the Xingfengshan ore district,however,it was not identified during the past several decades.The skarn is concordant to the host slate and usually occurs in the bedded or stratiform form. Most scheelite occurs as bands or veinlets filling in the skarn,minor appears in the auriferous quartz veins. Generally speaking,the tungsten concentrations in skarn-type ores are relatively high in the Xingfengshan,with an average of more than 0.5% WO_3 for most mining levels,even as high as more than 3. 0% WO_3 for a few mining levels. Based on its strata-bound characteristics and its reduced signature,it can be concluded that the accumulations of tungsten ores in the Xingshanfeng ore district is abundant. The discovery of skarn-type tungsten orebodies with an extremely-high ore grade in the Xingfengshan ore district will bring abundant tungsten resources,and yield remarkable social and economic benefits,moreover,this new finding is crucial for the understanding of the felsic magma evolution and tungsten—gold mineralization in central Hunan.
The Xingfengshan gold deposit,located in the central part of the Xuefengshan arc uplift belt,is a typical quartz lode gold deposit hosted in Neoproterozoic meta-metamorphic rocks. This deposit has been mined for gold for more than 30 years. Recently,skarn and tungsten orebodies with high ore grades in skarns were first discovered by writer in this gold deposit. The newly-discovered skarn-type tungsten deposit is obviously different from those lode-type tungsten deposits,which are widespread throughout the Xuefengshan arc uplift belt. Skarn is common throughout the Xingfengshan ore district,however,it was not identified during the past several decades.The skarn is concordant to the host slate and usually occurs in the bedded or stratiform form. Most scheelite occurs as bands or veinlets filling in the skarn,minor appears in the auriferous quartz veins. Generally speaking,the tungsten concentrations in skarn-type ores are relatively high in the Xingfengshan,with an average of more than 0.5% WO_3 for most mining levels,even as high as more than 3. 0% WO_3 for a few mining levels. Based on its strata-bound characteristics and its reduced signature,it can be concluded that the accumulations of tungsten ores in the Xingshanfeng ore district is abundant. The discovery of skarn-type tungsten orebodies with an extremely-high ore grade in the Xingfengshan ore district will bring abundant tungsten resources,and yield remarkable social and economic benefits,moreover,this new finding is crucial for the understanding of the felsic magma evolution and tungsten—gold mineralization in central Hunan.
引文
包正相.1984.层控白钨矿床新层位及其地质特征.地质论评,30(6):595～599.
包正相.1987.湘西层控白钨矿床地质特征及其成矿作用.矿床地质,6(4):33～42.
陈武,张寿庭,伦生平.2013.湖南省隆回县杏枫山金矿床地质特征及成矿模式探讨.黄金,34 (2):16～20.
黎盛斯.1949.湘西白钨矿之发现.地质论评,14(Z1):71～72.
伦生平,谢亘.2012.湖南省隆回县金山金矿成矿地质特征及成矿规律浅析.四川地质学报,32(Suppl.):33～39.
罗鸣皋.1993.湖南杏枫山金矿地质特征.黄金地质科技,30(2):33～36.
彭渤,Frei Robert,涂湘林.2006.湘西沃溪W—Sb—Au矿床白钨矿Nd—Sr—Pb同位素对成矿流体的示踪.地质学报,80(4):561～570.
彭建堂,胡阿香,肖静芸,郭宁,谢青.2017.湖南变质地体中两类金矿床的成矿作用研究.矿物学报,37(增刊):146.
彭建堂,胡瑞忠,赵军红,符亚洲,林源贤.2003.湘西沃溪Au—Sb—W矿床中白钨矿Sm—Nd和石英Ar—Ar定年体系.科学通报,48(18):1976～1981.
彭建堂,胡瑞忠,赵军红,符亚洲,袁顺达.2005.湘西沃溪金锑钨矿床中白钨矿的稀土元素地球化学.地球化学,34(2):115～122.
彭建堂,张东亮,胡瑞忠,吴梦君,林源贤.2008.湘西渣滓溪钨锑矿床白钨矿的Sm-Nd和Sr同位素地球化学.地质学报,82(11):1514～1521.
彭建堂,张东亮,胡瑞忠,吴梦军,柳小明,漆亮,虞有光.2010.渣滓溪钨锑矿床白钨矿中稀土元素的不均匀分布及其地质意义.地质论评,56(6):810～819.
万嘉敏.1986.湘西西安白钨矿矿床的地球化学研究.地球化学,15(2):183～192.
张龙升,彭建堂,胡阿香,林芳梅,张婷.2014.湘西大溶溪钨矿中辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年及其地质意义.矿床地质,33(1):181～189.
张龙升.2013.湘西大溶溪钨矿床矽卡岩及矿床成因.导师:彭建堂.长沙:中南大学硕士学位论文:1～118.
Bao Zhengxiang.1984&.The new bed of the stratabound scheelite deposit and its geological feature.Geological Review,30(6):595～599.
Bao Zhengxiang.1987&.The geological characteristics of the stratabound scheelite deposit in western Hunan,and its mineralization process.Mineral Deposits,6(4):33～42.
Chen Wu,Zhang Shouting,Lun Shengping.2013&.Geological characteristics and metallogenic model of Xingfengshan gold deposit in Longhui County,Hunan Province.Gold,34(2):16～20.
Li Shengsi.1949#.Discovery of scheelite in western Hunan.Geological Review,14(Z1):71～72.
Luo Minggao.1993#.Geological features of the Xingfengshan gold deposit,Hunan province.Gold Geology,30(2):33～36.
Lun Shengping,Xie Gen.2012#.Geological characteristics and mineralization regularities for the Jinshan gold deposit in Longhui County,Hunan.Acta Geologica Sichuan,32(Suppl.):33～39.Meinert L D,Dipple G M,Nicolescu S.2005.World skarn deposits.Economic Geology 100th Anniversary,299～336.
Meinert L D.1993.Skarns and skarn deposits.In:Sheahan P,Cherry M E.eds.Ore Deposit Models II.Geosci.Can.,Reprint Ser.6:117～134.
Newberry R J.1983.The formation of subcalcic garnet in scheelite-bearing skarns.The Canadian Mineralogist,21:529～544.
Peng Bo,Robert Frei,Tu Xianglin.2006&.Nd—Sr—Pb isotopic geochemistry of scheelite from the Woxi W—Sb—Au deposit,Western Hunan:Implications for sources and evolution of ore-forming fluids.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(4):561～570.
Peng Jiantang,Hu A’xiang,Xiao Jingyun,Guo Ning,Xie Qing.2017#.Mineralization of two different gold deposits hosted in metamorphic terrane.Acta Mineralogica Sinica,37(supp.)146.
Peng Jiantang,Hu Ruizhong,Zhao Junhong,Fu Yazhou,Lin Yuanxian.2003.Scheelite Sm-Nd dating and quartz Ar-Ar dating from the Woxi Au—Sb—W deposit,western Hunan,China.Chinese Science Bulletin,48(23):2640～2646.
Peng Jiantang,Hu Ruizhong,Zhao Junhong,Fu Yazhou,Yuan Shunda.2005&.REE geochemistry of scheelite in the Woxi Au—Sb—W deposit,western Hunan.Geochemica,34(2):115～122.
Peng Jiantang,Zhang Dongliang,Hu Ruizhong,Wu Mengjun and Lin Yuanxian.2008&.Sm-Nd and Sr isotope geochemistry of hydrothermal scheelite from the Zhazixi W—Sb deposit,western Hunan.Acta Geological Sinica,82(11):1514～1521.
Peng Jiantang,Zhang Dongliang,Hu Ruizhong,Wu Mengjun,Liu Xiaoming,Qi Liang and Yu Youguang.2010&.Inhomogeneous distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) in scheelite from the Zhazixi W—Sb deposit,western Hunan and its geological implications.Geological Review,56(6):810～819.
Wan Jiamin.1986&.Geochemical studies of the Xi’an tungsten ore deposit,western Hunan,China.Geochemica,15(2):183～192.
Zhang Longsheng,Peng Jiantang,Hu A’xiang,Lin Fangmei,Zhang Ting.2014&.Re-Os dating of molybdenite from the Darongxi tungsten deposit in western Hunan and its geological implications.Mineral Deposits,33(1):181～189.
Zhang Longsheng.2013&.Skarns and Its Genesis of the Darongxi Tungsten Deposit.Supervisor:PENG Jiantang.Changsha:Dissertation for Master degree of Central South University,1～118.
包正相.1987.湘西层控白钨矿床地质特征及其成矿作用.矿床地质,6(4):33～42.
陈武,张寿庭,伦生平.2013.湖南省隆回县杏枫山金矿床地质特征及成矿模式探讨.黄金,34 (2):16～20.
黎盛斯.1949.湘西白钨矿之发现.地质论评,14(Z1):71～72.
伦生平,谢亘.2012.湖南省隆回县金山金矿成矿地质特征及成矿规律浅析.四川地质学报,32(Suppl.):33～39.
罗鸣皋.1993.湖南杏枫山金矿地质特征.黄金地质科技,30(2):33～36.
彭渤,Frei Robert,涂湘林.2006.湘西沃溪W—Sb—Au矿床白钨矿Nd—Sr—Pb同位素对成矿流体的示踪.地质学报,80(4):561～570.
彭建堂,胡阿香,肖静芸,郭宁,谢青.2017.湖南变质地体中两类金矿床的成矿作用研究.矿物学报,37(增刊):146.
彭建堂,胡瑞忠,赵军红,符亚洲,林源贤.2003.湘西沃溪Au—Sb—W矿床中白钨矿Sm—Nd和石英Ar—Ar定年体系.科学通报,48(18):1976～1981.
彭建堂,胡瑞忠,赵军红,符亚洲,袁顺达.2005.湘西沃溪金锑钨矿床中白钨矿的稀土元素地球化学.地球化学,34(2):115～122.
彭建堂,张东亮,胡瑞忠,吴梦君,林源贤.2008.湘西渣滓溪钨锑矿床白钨矿的Sm-Nd和Sr同位素地球化学.地质学报,82(11):1514～1521.
彭建堂,张东亮,胡瑞忠,吴梦军,柳小明,漆亮,虞有光.2010.渣滓溪钨锑矿床白钨矿中稀土元素的不均匀分布及其地质意义.地质论评,56(6):810～819.
万嘉敏.1986.湘西西安白钨矿矿床的地球化学研究.地球化学,15(2):183～192.
张龙升,彭建堂,胡阿香,林芳梅,张婷.2014.湘西大溶溪钨矿中辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年及其地质意义.矿床地质,33(1):181～189.
张龙升.2013.湘西大溶溪钨矿床矽卡岩及矿床成因.导师:彭建堂.长沙:中南大学硕士学位论文:1～118.
Bao Zhengxiang.1984&.The new bed of the stratabound scheelite deposit and its geological feature.Geological Review,30(6):595～599.
Bao Zhengxiang.1987&.The geological characteristics of the stratabound scheelite deposit in western Hunan,and its mineralization process.Mineral Deposits,6(4):33～42.
Chen Wu,Zhang Shouting,Lun Shengping.2013&.Geological characteristics and metallogenic model of Xingfengshan gold deposit in Longhui County,Hunan Province.Gold,34(2):16～20.
Li Shengsi.1949#.Discovery of scheelite in western Hunan.Geological Review,14(Z1):71～72.
Luo Minggao.1993#.Geological features of the Xingfengshan gold deposit,Hunan province.Gold Geology,30(2):33～36.
Lun Shengping,Xie Gen.2012#.Geological characteristics and mineralization regularities for the Jinshan gold deposit in Longhui County,Hunan.Acta Geologica Sichuan,32(Suppl.):33～39.Meinert L D,Dipple G M,Nicolescu S.2005.World skarn deposits.Economic Geology 100th Anniversary,299～336.
Meinert L D.1993.Skarns and skarn deposits.In:Sheahan P,Cherry M E.eds.Ore Deposit Models II.Geosci.Can.,Reprint Ser.6:117～134.
Newberry R J.1983.The formation of subcalcic garnet in scheelite-bearing skarns.The Canadian Mineralogist,21:529～544.
Peng Bo,Robert Frei,Tu Xianglin.2006&.Nd—Sr—Pb isotopic geochemistry of scheelite from the Woxi W—Sb—Au deposit,Western Hunan:Implications for sources and evolution of ore-forming fluids.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(4):561～570.
Peng Jiantang,Hu A’xiang,Xiao Jingyun,Guo Ning,Xie Qing.2017#.Mineralization of two different gold deposits hosted in metamorphic terrane.Acta Mineralogica Sinica,37(supp.)146.
Peng Jiantang,Hu Ruizhong,Zhao Junhong,Fu Yazhou,Lin Yuanxian.2003.Scheelite Sm-Nd dating and quartz Ar-Ar dating from the Woxi Au—Sb—W deposit,western Hunan,China.Chinese Science Bulletin,48(23):2640～2646.
Peng Jiantang,Hu Ruizhong,Zhao Junhong,Fu Yazhou,Yuan Shunda.2005&.REE geochemistry of scheelite in the Woxi Au—Sb—W deposit,western Hunan.Geochemica,34(2):115～122.
Peng Jiantang,Zhang Dongliang,Hu Ruizhong,Wu Mengjun and Lin Yuanxian.2008&.Sm-Nd and Sr isotope geochemistry of hydrothermal scheelite from the Zhazixi W—Sb deposit,western Hunan.Acta Geological Sinica,82(11):1514～1521.
Peng Jiantang,Zhang Dongliang,Hu Ruizhong,Wu Mengjun,Liu Xiaoming,Qi Liang and Yu Youguang.2010&.Inhomogeneous distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) in scheelite from the Zhazixi W—Sb deposit,western Hunan and its geological implications.Geological Review,56(6):810～819.
Wan Jiamin.1986&.Geochemical studies of the Xi’an tungsten ore deposit,western Hunan,China.Geochemica,15(2):183～192.
Zhang Longsheng,Peng Jiantang,Hu A’xiang,Lin Fangmei,Zhang Ting.2014&.Re-Os dating of molybdenite from the Darongxi tungsten deposit in western Hunan and its geological implications.Mineral Deposits,33(1):181～189.
Zhang Longsheng.2013&.Skarns and Its Genesis of the Darongxi Tungsten Deposit.Supervisor:PENG Jiantang.Changsha:Dissertation for Master degree of Central South University,1～118.
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