超高温高压流变仪的研制与应用
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摘要
针对现有仪器无法满足超高温高压流变性测试需求的问题,研制了超高温高压流变仪,该仪器主要由工控机、黏度测量系统、温度控制系统、压力控制系统4个部分组成。在研制工程中,通过一种非接触式黏度测量方法解决了测试腔体密封问题,通过独特的温控算法和介质切换冷却技术实现了大跨度温度范围内的精确温控和高效冷却。该超高温高压流变仪可以在模拟钻井温度、压力、钻头转速的条件下测量样品黏度,最大测试压力为220 MPa,最高测试温度为320℃,最低测试温度为-20℃。使用该超高温高压流变仪对钻井液样品进行了恒压变温以及恒温变压流变性测试,结果证明该仪器可以测量水基和油基钻井液在超高温高压条件下的流变性,可用于深井、超深井钻探用钻井液体系优化。
Rheometers presently available cannot satisfy the needs of rheology measurement at ultra-high temperatures and ultra-high pressures. To resolve this problem, a rheometer for use at ultra-high temperatures and ultra-high pressures has been developed, which is composed of four subsystems: an industrial computer, a viscosity measuring unit, a temperature control unit and a pressure control unit.This rheometer can be used to measure the viscosity of a sample at simulated downhole temperature, pressure and rotational speed of drill bit, the maximum pressure for the measurement is 220 MPa, and the temperature for the measurement is in a range of-20 ℃-320 ℃.The sealing of the measuring chamber is resolved using non-contact viscosity measuring method. Using a unique temperature control algorithm and media switching cooling technique, the viscosity can be measured in a very wider temperature range and efficient cooling can be realized during viscosity measurement. Some drilling fluid samples have been tested on this rheometer at constant pressure changing temperatures and constant temperature changing pressures. The test results showed that this rheometer can be used to measure the rheology of water base drilling fluids and oil base drilling fluids at ultra-high temperatures and ultra-high pressures, the measured data can be used in optimizing drilling fluid properties.
Rheometers presently available cannot satisfy the needs of rheology measurement at ultra-high temperatures and ultra-high pressures. To resolve this problem, a rheometer for use at ultra-high temperatures and ultra-high pressures has been developed, which is composed of four subsystems: an industrial computer, a viscosity measuring unit, a temperature control unit and a pressure control unit.This rheometer can be used to measure the viscosity of a sample at simulated downhole temperature, pressure and rotational speed of drill bit, the maximum pressure for the measurement is 220 MPa, and the temperature for the measurement is in a range of-20 ℃-320 ℃.The sealing of the measuring chamber is resolved using non-contact viscosity measuring method. Using a unique temperature control algorithm and media switching cooling technique, the viscosity can be measured in a very wider temperature range and efficient cooling can be realized during viscosity measurement. Some drilling fluid samples have been tested on this rheometer at constant pressure changing temperatures and constant temperature changing pressures. The test results showed that this rheometer can be used to measure the rheology of water base drilling fluids and oil base drilling fluids at ultra-high temperatures and ultra-high pressures, the measured data can be used in optimizing drilling fluid properties.
引文
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[9]杨晓璞,崔玉江.同轴圆筒旋转黏度计测量原理详析[J].大学物理,2005(4):42-44.YANG Xiaopu,CUI Yujiang.A detailed analysis on the principle of coaxial cylinder rational viscometer[J].College Physics,2005(4):42-44.
[10]王绍治,张玲花,王君林.高精度液体温控难点分析及解决方法述评[J].长春理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,35(2):48-52.WANG Shaozhi,ZHANG Linghua,WANG Junlin.Review of difficulty analysis and solution in high precision liquid temperature control[J].Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2012,35(2):48-52.
[11]宋洵成,王鹏,张宇,等.安探4X井低固相超高温钻井液技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2018,35(2):40-43.SONG Xuncheng,WANG Peng,ZHANG Yu,et al.Low solids ultra-high temperature drilling fluid technology for well Antan-4X[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2018,35(2):40-43.
[12]何仲,刘金华,方静,等.超高温屏蔽暂堵剂SMHHP的室内实验研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2017,34(6):18-23.HE Zhong,LIU Jinhua,FANG Jing,et al.Laboratory study on ultra-high temperature temporary plugging agent SMHHP[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2017,34(6):18-23.
[2]胡小燕,王旭,周乐群,等.超高温超高密度钻井液室内研究[J].精细石油化工进展,2013,14(1):5-8.HU Xiaoyan,WANG Xu,ZHOU Lequn,et al.Laboratory research on drilling fluid with ultra-high temperature-resistance and ultra-high density[J].Advances in Fine Petrochemicals,2013,14(1):5-8.
[3]王磊磊,王伟忠,张坤,等.水基钻井液用抗高温降滤失剂的合成与性能评价[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(2):22-25.WANG Leilei,WANG Weizhong,ZHANG Kun,et al.Synthesis and evaluation of high temperature water base drilling fluid filter loss reducer[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(2):22-25.
[4]卜海,孙金声,王成彪,等.超高温钻井液的高温流变性研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(4):122-126.BU Hai,SUN Jinsheng,WANG Chengbiao,et al.Study on the rheological properties of ultra-high temperature drilling fluids[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2012,34(4):122-126.
[5]沈丽,陈二丁,张海青.一种水基抗温钻井液的高温流变性研究[J].石油与天然气化工,2014,43(4):428-432.SHEN Li,CHEN Erding,ZHANG Haiqing.Research on high temperature rheological properties of waterbased temperature resistance drilling fluids[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2014,43(4):428-432.
[6]赵怀珍,薛玉志,李公让,等.抗高温水基钻井液超高温高压流变性研究[J].石油钻探技术,2009,37(1):5-9.ZHAO Huaizhen,XUE Yuzhi,LI Gongrang,et al.Rheological properties of high-temperature water based drilling fluids at high temperature and high pressure[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2009,37(1):5-9.
[7]张馨,邱正松,钟汉毅,等.新型超高温页岩抑制剂特性实验研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2017,34(1):9-15.ZHANG Xin,QIU Zhengsong,ZHONG Hanyi,et al.Experimental study on a new ultrahigh temperature shale inhibitor[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2017,34(1):9-15.
[8]胡继良,陶士先,单文军,等.超深井高温钻井液技术概况及研究方向的探讨[J].地质与勘探,2012,48(1):155-159.HU Jiliang,TAO Shixian,SHAN Wenjun,et al.Overview of ultra-deep well high-temperature drilling fluid technology and discussion of its research direction[J].Geology and Exploration,2012,48(1):155-159.
[9]杨晓璞,崔玉江.同轴圆筒旋转黏度计测量原理详析[J].大学物理,2005(4):42-44.YANG Xiaopu,CUI Yujiang.A detailed analysis on the principle of coaxial cylinder rational viscometer[J].College Physics,2005(4):42-44.
[10]王绍治,张玲花,王君林.高精度液体温控难点分析及解决方法述评[J].长春理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,35(2):48-52.WANG Shaozhi,ZHANG Linghua,WANG Junlin.Review of difficulty analysis and solution in high precision liquid temperature control[J].Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2012,35(2):48-52.
[11]宋洵成,王鹏,张宇,等.安探4X井低固相超高温钻井液技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2018,35(2):40-43.SONG Xuncheng,WANG Peng,ZHANG Yu,et al.Low solids ultra-high temperature drilling fluid technology for well Antan-4X[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2018,35(2):40-43.
[12]何仲,刘金华,方静,等.超高温屏蔽暂堵剂SMHHP的室内实验研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2017,34(6):18-23.HE Zhong,LIU Jinhua,FANG Jing,et al.Laboratory study on ultra-high temperature temporary plugging agent SMHHP[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2017,34(6):18-23.
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