盐碱胁迫下羊草生态化学计量特征研究
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摘要
以羊草生态化学计量学特征为研究对象,基于盆栽实验,对不同盐碱胁迫条件下(分别控制培养基质pH、施肥条件及胁迫时间间隔)羊草的生态化学计量特征进行研究。结果表明:施加磷处理液时,羊草中全磷含量明显增加。在其他控制条件稳定的前提下,羊草地上部分的全氮含量及全磷含量的最高值均出现在培养基质pH=8. 4时;此外,在N3(c(N)=8 mmol/L,c(P)=1 mmol/L)或P3(c(P)=1. 2 mmol/L,c(N)=14 mmol/L)条件下,N∶P的波动较小,变化平缓,表明此条件下的N∶P培养基质pH变化的影响减弱,即在培养基质pH适宜的前提下,N3或P3的施肥条件为所有实验条件下的羊草生长最佳营养背景。因此说明,在土壤pH适宜的前提下,通过施加一定浓度的氮肥或磷肥,可优化羊草生长的土壤环境,有利于羊草的生长发育。
In this paper,the ecological stoichiometric of Leymus chinensiswere taken as the research object,and pot experiments were carried out to study the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of Leymus chinensis under different saline-alkali stresses( controlled pH of culture substrate,fertilization treatment and time interval). The results showed that the concentrations of total phosphorus( TP) in Leymus chinensis increased with the phosphate treatment solution. On the premise that other controlled conditions remained unchanged,the concentrations of total nitrogen( TN) and TP both peaked in the aboveground parts of Leymus chinensis when the p H of culture substrate approached 8. 4. It is also found that,under the conditions of N3( c( N) = 8 mmol/L,c( P) = 1 mmol/L) or P3( c( P) = 1. 2 mmol/L,c( N) = 14 mmol/L),there was a relatively slight fluctuation of N∶P and the variation gradually become stationary. It indicated that,under such conditions,the influence from p H of culture substrate N∶P was demoted. That is,with a hospitable pH of culture substrate,the fertilization condition of N3 or P3 was the optimal nutritional background for the growth of Leymus chinensis in this study. Therefore,applying nitrogen or phosphate fertilizer can improve the soil environments for the favor of the growth of Leymus chinensis,on the condition that soil pH is suitable for the growth.
In this paper,the ecological stoichiometric of Leymus chinensiswere taken as the research object,and pot experiments were carried out to study the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of Leymus chinensis under different saline-alkali stresses( controlled pH of culture substrate,fertilization treatment and time interval). The results showed that the concentrations of total phosphorus( TP) in Leymus chinensis increased with the phosphate treatment solution. On the premise that other controlled conditions remained unchanged,the concentrations of total nitrogen( TN) and TP both peaked in the aboveground parts of Leymus chinensis when the p H of culture substrate approached 8. 4. It is also found that,under the conditions of N3( c( N) = 8 mmol/L,c( P) = 1 mmol/L) or P3( c( P) = 1. 2 mmol/L,c( N) = 14 mmol/L),there was a relatively slight fluctuation of N∶P and the variation gradually become stationary. It indicated that,under such conditions,the influence from p H of culture substrate N∶P was demoted. That is,with a hospitable pH of culture substrate,the fertilization condition of N3 or P3 was the optimal nutritional background for the growth of Leymus chinensis in this study. Therefore,applying nitrogen or phosphate fertilizer can improve the soil environments for the favor of the growth of Leymus chinensis,on the condition that soil pH is suitable for the growth.
引文
[1]赵丹丹,魏继平,马红媛,等.不同退化阶段松嫩草地土壤对羊草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].土壤与作物,2018,7(4):423-431.ZHAO Dan-dan,WEI Ji-ping,MA Hong-yuan,et al.Effects of degraded grassland soils on seed germination and seedling growth of Leymus chinensis in Songnen Plain[J].Soils and Crops,2018,7(4):423-431.
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[4]马红媛,梁正伟.不同p H值土壤及其浸提液对羊草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].植物学通报,2007,24(2):181-188.MA Hong-yuan,LIANG Zheng-wei.Effects of different soil p H soil extracts on the germination and seeding growth of Leymus chinensis[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2007,24(2):181-188.
[5]张丽霞.植物N∶P计量化学:中国高等植物的分异规律与野外实验初步验证:博士学位论文[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院(植物研究所),2003.ZHANG Li-xia.Plant N∶P stoichiometry:variations of Chinese higher plants and a preliminary test by field experimentation:doctor's degree thesis[D].Beijing:Institute of Botant,Chinese Academy of Science,2003.
[6]李晴宇,李月芬,王冬艳,等.基于生态化学计量学的土壤-植物系统在退化草地群落演替中的养分响应[J].吉林农业大学学报,2016,38(6):693-702.LI Qing-yu,LI Yue-fen,WANG Dong-yan,et al.Research on nutrient responses of soil-plant system in community succession of degraded grassland based on ecological stoichiometry[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2016,38(6):693-702.
[7]宁虎森,罗青红,吉小敏,等.新疆甘家湖梭梭林碳、氮、磷、钾生态化学计量特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(6):68-73.NING Hu-sen,LUO Qing-hong,JI Xiao-min,et al.Stoichiometry characteristic on carbon,nitrogen,ohosphorus and potassium of Ganjiahu Haloxylon ammodendorn stand in Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(6):68-73.
[8]Bedford B L,Walbridge M R,Aldous A.Patterns in nutrient availability and plant diversity of temperate north American wetlands[J].Ecology,1999,80(7):2151-2169.
[9]王凡坤,薛珂,付为国.土壤氮磷状况对小麦叶片养分生态化学计量特征的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2019,27(1):60-71.WANG Fan-kun,XUE Ke,FU Wei-guo.Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus contents in soil on ecological stoichiometry of wheat leaves[J].Chinese Journal of EcoAgriculture,2019,27(1):60-71.
[10]白玉婷,卫智军,代景忠,等.施肥对羊草割草地植物群落和土壤C∶N∶P生态化学计量学特征的影响[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(4):620-627.BAI Yu-ting,WEI Zhi-jun,DAI Jing-zhong,et al.Responses of plant and soil C∶N∶P stoichiometry to fertilization in Leymus chinensis mowing meadow[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2017,26(4):620-627.
[11]陈淑娟,何文寿,王晓军,等.不同措施对碱化土壤培肥及水稻植株养分吸收的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(6):115-118,129.CHEN Shu-juan,HE Wen-shou,WANG Xiao-jun,et al.Effect of combined application of green manure and chemical fertilizer on wheat yield and soil fertility[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2011,29(6):115-118,129.
[12]袁巧霞,朱端卫,武雅娟.温度、水分和施氮量对温室土壤p H及电导率的耦合作用[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(5):1112-1117.YUAN Qiao-xia,ZHU Duan-wei,WU Ya-juan.Coupling effects of temperature,moisture,and nitrogen application on greenhouse soil p H and EC[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2009,20(5):1112-1117.
[13]Long M,Wu H H,Smith M D,et al.Nitrogen deposition promotes phosphorus uptake of plants in a semi-arid temperate grassland[J].Plant and Soil,2016,408(1/2):475-484.
[14]黄立华,梁正伟,马红媛,等.直播羊草在不同p H土壤环境下的生物学特性和生理反应[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(7):1084-1088.HUANG Li-hua,LIANG Zheng-wei,MA Hong-yuan,et al.Biological characteristics and physiological responses of Leymus chinensis seeded in soils with different p H[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(7):1084-1088.
[15]李晴宇.盐碱胁迫条件下羊草的生态化学计量内稳性研究:硕士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.LI Qing-yu.Studies on ecological stoichiometry homeostasis of Leymus chinense under conditions of saline-alkali stress:master's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2017.
[16]王佺珍,刘倩,高娅妮,等.植物对盐碱胁迫的响应机制研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(16):5565-5577.WANG Quan-zhen,LIU Qian,GAO Ya-ni,et al.Review on the mechanisms of the response to salinity-alkalinity stress in plants[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(16):5565-5577.
[17]周婵,张卓,杨允菲.实验羊草种群幼苗对不同梯度盐碱胁迫的生理响应[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),2003,35(4):62-67.ZHOU Chan,ZHANG Zhuo,YANG Yun-fei.Physiological reaction of seedlings of experimental population of Leymus chinensis under different gradient of salt-alkali stress[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2003,35(4):62-67.
[18]阎恩荣,王希华,周武.天童常绿阔叶林演替系列植物群落的N∶P化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报,2008(1):13-22.YAN En-rong,WANG Xi-hua,ZHOU Wu.N∶P stoichiometry in secondary succession in evergreen broadleaved forest,tiantong,East China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2008(1):13-22.
[19]Güsewell S.N∶P ratios in terrestrial plants:variation and functional significance[J].New Phytologist,2004,164(2):243-266.
[20]张林,罗天祥.植物叶寿命及其相关叶性状的生态学研究进展[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(6):844-852.ZHNAG Lin,LUO Tian-xiang.Advances in ecological studies on leaf lifespan and associated leaf traits[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2004,28(6):844-852.
[21]Elser J J,Sterner R W,Gorokhova E,et al.Biological stoichiometry from genes to ecosystems[J].Ecology Letters,2000,3(6):540-550.
[22]Kerkhoff A J,Enquist B J,Elser Fagan J J.Plant allometry,stoichiometry and the temperature-dependence of primary productivity[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography,2005,14(6):585-598.
[23]Koojiman S A L M.The stoichiometry of animal energetics[J].Journal of Theoretical Biology,1995,177(2):139-149.
[24]刘兴诏,周国逸,张德强,等.南亚热带森林不同演替阶段植物与土壤中N、P的化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):64-71.LIU Xing-zhao,ZHOU Guo-yi,ZHANG De-qiang,et al.N and P stoichiometry of plant and soil in lower subtropical forest successional series in southern China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,34(1):64-71.
[2]周道玮,李强,宋彦涛,等.松嫩平原羊草草地盐碱化过程[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1423-1430.ZHOU Dou-wei,LI Qiang,SONG Yan-tao,et al.Alinization-alkalization of Leymus chinensis grassland in Songnen Plain of Northeast China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(6):1423-1430.
[3]张磊,侯云鹏,王立春.盐碱胁迫对植物的影响及提高植物耐盐碱性的方法[J].东北农业科学,2018,43(4):11-16.ZHANG Lei,HOU Yun-peng,WANG Li-chun.Effect of alkaline salt stress on plant and method of enhancing saline-alkali resistance[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences,2018,43(4):11-16.
[4]马红媛,梁正伟.不同p H值土壤及其浸提液对羊草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].植物学通报,2007,24(2):181-188.MA Hong-yuan,LIANG Zheng-wei.Effects of different soil p H soil extracts on the germination and seeding growth of Leymus chinensis[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2007,24(2):181-188.
[5]张丽霞.植物N∶P计量化学:中国高等植物的分异规律与野外实验初步验证:博士学位论文[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院(植物研究所),2003.ZHANG Li-xia.Plant N∶P stoichiometry:variations of Chinese higher plants and a preliminary test by field experimentation:doctor's degree thesis[D].Beijing:Institute of Botant,Chinese Academy of Science,2003.
[6]李晴宇,李月芬,王冬艳,等.基于生态化学计量学的土壤-植物系统在退化草地群落演替中的养分响应[J].吉林农业大学学报,2016,38(6):693-702.LI Qing-yu,LI Yue-fen,WANG Dong-yan,et al.Research on nutrient responses of soil-plant system in community succession of degraded grassland based on ecological stoichiometry[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2016,38(6):693-702.
[7]宁虎森,罗青红,吉小敏,等.新疆甘家湖梭梭林碳、氮、磷、钾生态化学计量特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(6):68-73.NING Hu-sen,LUO Qing-hong,JI Xiao-min,et al.Stoichiometry characteristic on carbon,nitrogen,ohosphorus and potassium of Ganjiahu Haloxylon ammodendorn stand in Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(6):68-73.
[8]Bedford B L,Walbridge M R,Aldous A.Patterns in nutrient availability and plant diversity of temperate north American wetlands[J].Ecology,1999,80(7):2151-2169.
[9]王凡坤,薛珂,付为国.土壤氮磷状况对小麦叶片养分生态化学计量特征的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2019,27(1):60-71.WANG Fan-kun,XUE Ke,FU Wei-guo.Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus contents in soil on ecological stoichiometry of wheat leaves[J].Chinese Journal of EcoAgriculture,2019,27(1):60-71.
[10]白玉婷,卫智军,代景忠,等.施肥对羊草割草地植物群落和土壤C∶N∶P生态化学计量学特征的影响[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(4):620-627.BAI Yu-ting,WEI Zhi-jun,DAI Jing-zhong,et al.Responses of plant and soil C∶N∶P stoichiometry to fertilization in Leymus chinensis mowing meadow[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2017,26(4):620-627.
[11]陈淑娟,何文寿,王晓军,等.不同措施对碱化土壤培肥及水稻植株养分吸收的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(6):115-118,129.CHEN Shu-juan,HE Wen-shou,WANG Xiao-jun,et al.Effect of combined application of green manure and chemical fertilizer on wheat yield and soil fertility[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2011,29(6):115-118,129.
[12]袁巧霞,朱端卫,武雅娟.温度、水分和施氮量对温室土壤p H及电导率的耦合作用[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(5):1112-1117.YUAN Qiao-xia,ZHU Duan-wei,WU Ya-juan.Coupling effects of temperature,moisture,and nitrogen application on greenhouse soil p H and EC[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2009,20(5):1112-1117.
[13]Long M,Wu H H,Smith M D,et al.Nitrogen deposition promotes phosphorus uptake of plants in a semi-arid temperate grassland[J].Plant and Soil,2016,408(1/2):475-484.
[14]黄立华,梁正伟,马红媛,等.直播羊草在不同p H土壤环境下的生物学特性和生理反应[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(7):1084-1088.HUANG Li-hua,LIANG Zheng-wei,MA Hong-yuan,et al.Biological characteristics and physiological responses of Leymus chinensis seeded in soils with different p H[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(7):1084-1088.
[15]李晴宇.盐碱胁迫条件下羊草的生态化学计量内稳性研究:硕士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.LI Qing-yu.Studies on ecological stoichiometry homeostasis of Leymus chinense under conditions of saline-alkali stress:master's degree thesis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2017.
[16]王佺珍,刘倩,高娅妮,等.植物对盐碱胁迫的响应机制研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(16):5565-5577.WANG Quan-zhen,LIU Qian,GAO Ya-ni,et al.Review on the mechanisms of the response to salinity-alkalinity stress in plants[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(16):5565-5577.
[17]周婵,张卓,杨允菲.实验羊草种群幼苗对不同梯度盐碱胁迫的生理响应[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),2003,35(4):62-67.ZHOU Chan,ZHANG Zhuo,YANG Yun-fei.Physiological reaction of seedlings of experimental population of Leymus chinensis under different gradient of salt-alkali stress[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2003,35(4):62-67.
[18]阎恩荣,王希华,周武.天童常绿阔叶林演替系列植物群落的N∶P化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报,2008(1):13-22.YAN En-rong,WANG Xi-hua,ZHOU Wu.N∶P stoichiometry in secondary succession in evergreen broadleaved forest,tiantong,East China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2008(1):13-22.
[19]Güsewell S.N∶P ratios in terrestrial plants:variation and functional significance[J].New Phytologist,2004,164(2):243-266.
[20]张林,罗天祥.植物叶寿命及其相关叶性状的生态学研究进展[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(6):844-852.ZHNAG Lin,LUO Tian-xiang.Advances in ecological studies on leaf lifespan and associated leaf traits[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2004,28(6):844-852.
[21]Elser J J,Sterner R W,Gorokhova E,et al.Biological stoichiometry from genes to ecosystems[J].Ecology Letters,2000,3(6):540-550.
[22]Kerkhoff A J,Enquist B J,Elser Fagan J J.Plant allometry,stoichiometry and the temperature-dependence of primary productivity[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography,2005,14(6):585-598.
[23]Koojiman S A L M.The stoichiometry of animal energetics[J].Journal of Theoretical Biology,1995,177(2):139-149.
[24]刘兴诏,周国逸,张德强,等.南亚热带森林不同演替阶段植物与土壤中N、P的化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):64-71.LIU Xing-zhao,ZHOU Guo-yi,ZHANG De-qiang,et al.N and P stoichiometry of plant and soil in lower subtropical forest successional series in southern China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,34(1):64-71.
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