都汶高速G213沿线崩塌堆积特征初步研究
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摘要
汶川地震后,成都至汶川的高速G213两岸分布着大量的崩塌灾害,发生多起崩塌淤埋公路的事件,严重威胁G213的安全。为了研究G213汶川段沿线崩塌堆积特征及其规模,通过野外调查和GIS分析,发现汶川震区共计2 067处崩塌灾害点,崩塌堆积体的平均堆积坡度为31.3°。通过单因子统计分析和理论分析,研究得到G213汶川段的沿线崩塌分布特征、堆积特征。结果表明:汶川震区崩塌体的堆积体积与堆积厚度、堆积面积呈指数函数关系;由牛顿定律分析汶川震区的崩塌堆积范围与危岩体分布高差以及危岩体的初始运动方向等因素相关。研究成果对震区G213公路沿线的崩塌堆积储量以及崩塌威胁范围提供参考价值。
After the Wenchuan Earthquake,there are a large number of collapse disasters distributed on both sides of the Chengdu to Wenchuan Section of the G213 Expressway,and series of collapses occur and different sections of expressway are buried,which seriously threaten the traffic safety on G213.In order to study the accumulated scale and characteristics of collapses located on the Wenchuan Section of G213,through field investigations and GIS,it is found out that there are about 2067 collapses points in the study area,and the average accumulated slope of collapses is 31.3°.Based on the single factor statistical analysis and theoretical analysis of collapses in Wenchuan earthquake area,the distribution and accumulation characteristics of collapses located in the G213 Wenchuan section are obtained.The results show out that:the accumulated volume has an exponential function relationship with the accumulated thickness and accumulated area;according to Newton's laws of motion,the accumulated ranges of collapses are related to the altitude difference and initial motion direction of the dangerous rock.The research results can provide reference for the reserves and the scope of collapse threats study.
After the Wenchuan Earthquake,there are a large number of collapse disasters distributed on both sides of the Chengdu to Wenchuan Section of the G213 Expressway,and series of collapses occur and different sections of expressway are buried,which seriously threaten the traffic safety on G213.In order to study the accumulated scale and characteristics of collapses located on the Wenchuan Section of G213,through field investigations and GIS,it is found out that there are about 2067 collapses points in the study area,and the average accumulated slope of collapses is 31.3°.Based on the single factor statistical analysis and theoretical analysis of collapses in Wenchuan earthquake area,the distribution and accumulation characteristics of collapses located in the G213 Wenchuan section are obtained.The results show out that:the accumulated volume has an exponential function relationship with the accumulated thickness and accumulated area;according to Newton's laws of motion,the accumulated ranges of collapses are related to the altitude difference and initial motion direction of the dangerous rock.The research results can provide reference for the reserves and the scope of collapse threats study.
引文
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[21]庄建琦,葛永刚.5.12汶川地震对都汶公路(G213)沿线土地破坏及损失评价[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(2):7-11.
[22]杨何,汤明高,叶润青,曹阳健,李云杰.三峡库区滑坡堆积体非饱和土的土---水特征研究[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(9):168-173.
[23]彭昌翠.汶川地震区映秀至耿达公路泥石流灾害发育特征及其危险性评价[D].成都理工大学,2011.
[24]张晋,李满意,袁屹璋.映卧公路干沟泥石流发育特征及危险性评价[J].长春工程学院学报:自然科学版,2011,12(3):72-74.
[25]徐久燕,张晋,史光明.瓦司沟泥石流特征分析及危险性评价[J].长春工程学院学报:自然科学版,2011,12(4):98-102.
[26]冉圣宏,李秀彬,吕昌河.近20年渔子溪流域土地利用变化的环境影响[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(12):2058-2064.
[2]李松.震后公路边坡崩塌灾害分类与形成机理研究[D].长安大学,2011.
[3]张齐华,彭光忠,付少兰,等.链子崖危岩体变形破坏系统辨识[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(5):544-551.
[4]何思明,王东坡,吴永,等.崩塌滚石灾害的力学机理与防治技术[J].自然杂志,2004,36(5):336-345.
[5]常鸣,唐川,李为乐,等.汶川地震区绵远河流域泥石流形成区的崩塌滑坡特征[J].山地学报,2012,30(5):561-569.
[6]蒋发森.映秀地区岩浆岩边坡地震动力响应规律研究[D].成都理工大学,2013.
[7]黄润秋,李为乐.汶川大地震触发地质灾害的断层效应分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(1):19-28.
[8]程强,吴事贵,苏玉杰.映秀-卧龙公路沿线汶川地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(2):160-168.
[9]KEEFER D K.Landslides caused by earthquakes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1984,95(4):406-421.
[10]KEEFER D K.The importance of earthquake-induced landslides to long-term slope erosion and slope-failure hazards in seismically active regions[J].Geomorphology,1994,10(1-4):265-284.
[11]蒋良潍,黄润秋.反倾层状岩体斜坡弯曲-拉裂两种失稳破坏之判据探讨[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(3):289-296.
[12]张以晨,佴磊,沈世伟,等.反倾层状岩质边坡倾倒破坏力学模型[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011,41(增刊1):207-213.
[13]任光明,夏敏,李果,等.陡倾顺层岩质斜坡倾倒变形破坏特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增1):3193-3200.
[14]Yundian Lin,Dapeng Zhua,Qinglu Deng,et al.Collapse Analysis of Jointed Rock Slope Based on UDECSoftware and Practical Seismic Load[J].Procedia Engineering.2012,(31):441-446.
[15]庄建琦,崔鹏,葛永刚,等.5.12汶川地震崩塌滑坡分布特征及影响因子评价-以都江堰至汶川公路沿线为例[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(2):16-22.
[16]庄建琦,崔鹏,葛永刚,等.“5·12”汶川地震崩塌滑坡危险性评价-以都汶公路沿线为例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增2):3735-3742.
[17]成良霞.“5.12”汶川地震后映卧公路边坡崩塌灾害形成机理与危险性评估研究[D].长安大学,2014.
[18]邴国林.“5.12”汶川特大地震后映汶公路沿线地质灾害发育特征及防治措施研究[D].成都理工大学,2012.
[19]庄建琦,崔鹏,葛永刚,朱颖彦,刘应辉,裴来政.5.12汶川地震崩塌滑坡分布特征及影响因子评价---以都江堰至汶川公路沿线为例[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(2):16-22.
[20]庄建琦,葛永刚.5.12汶川地震对都汶公路(G213)沿线土地破坏及损失评价[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(2):7-11.
[21]庄建琦,葛永刚.5.12汶川地震对都汶公路(G213)沿线土地破坏及损失评价[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(2):7-11.
[22]杨何,汤明高,叶润青,曹阳健,李云杰.三峡库区滑坡堆积体非饱和土的土---水特征研究[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(9):168-173.
[23]彭昌翠.汶川地震区映秀至耿达公路泥石流灾害发育特征及其危险性评价[D].成都理工大学,2011.
[24]张晋,李满意,袁屹璋.映卧公路干沟泥石流发育特征及危险性评价[J].长春工程学院学报:自然科学版,2011,12(3):72-74.
[25]徐久燕,张晋,史光明.瓦司沟泥石流特征分析及危险性评价[J].长春工程学院学报:自然科学版,2011,12(4):98-102.
[26]冉圣宏,李秀彬,吕昌河.近20年渔子溪流域土地利用变化的环境影响[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(12):2058-2064.
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