岩溶矿区水文地球化学特征及其水源指示意义
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摘要
云南毛坪铅锌矿区属于复杂型岩溶裂隙充水大水矿床,亟需查明其充水水源、径流途径以开展地下水防治工程设计与优化。基于水化学、氢氧同位素方法对矿区充水水源进行系统研究与辨识,并对矿区水文地质概念模型作了初步分析。矿区石炭系地下水表现为低水温、低TDS、高NO-3、富集重同位素,而矿区泥盆系地下水由北往南水温、TDS逐渐升高,NO-3浓度降低,微量组分浓度升高,且尤为富集轻同位素。研究结果表明以上组分均对矿区充水水源辨识有直接指示意义:石炭系主要受东侧献鸡一带岩溶洼地区补给,自东往西向矿区径流,并经由断层构造向矿区泥盆系北部补给,同时与泥盆系南部深层水源混合后排泄于矿区疏干漏斗中心。
The Maoping lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan is a complicated one with abundant gush-out groundwater filled through karst fissures.There is an urgent need to delineate the recharge sources and groundwater flow paths in order to carry out the design and optimization of groundwater prevention and control projects.This study systematically discusses the water filling sources and runoff passages based on hydrogeochemical and stable isotope methods,and simultaneously builds the hydrogeological conceptual model.The carboniferous karst aquifer is characterized by low temperature,low TDS,high NO-3,and enrichment in heavy isotopes.Nevertheless,the Devonian karst aquifer shows an increasing tendency of temperature,TDS and trace elements from north to south,coupling with the decreasing of NO-3and extremely depleted light isotopes.All the above indexes directly and coincidently indicate the recharge sources and groundwater flow paths.The Carboniferous karst aquifer is recharged in the eastern karst depressions(the Xianji village),and flows to the mining area westward.Shallow groundwater in the northern part of the Devonian karst aquifer is supplied by the Carboniferous karst aquifer through faults dislocating the aquiclude,then mixes with the deep groundwater from the southern part,and finally feeds together towards the mine depression cone located in the central part.
The Maoping lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan is a complicated one with abundant gush-out groundwater filled through karst fissures.There is an urgent need to delineate the recharge sources and groundwater flow paths in order to carry out the design and optimization of groundwater prevention and control projects.This study systematically discusses the water filling sources and runoff passages based on hydrogeochemical and stable isotope methods,and simultaneously builds the hydrogeological conceptual model.The carboniferous karst aquifer is characterized by low temperature,low TDS,high NO-3,and enrichment in heavy isotopes.Nevertheless,the Devonian karst aquifer shows an increasing tendency of temperature,TDS and trace elements from north to south,coupling with the decreasing of NO-3and extremely depleted light isotopes.All the above indexes directly and coincidently indicate the recharge sources and groundwater flow paths.The Carboniferous karst aquifer is recharged in the eastern karst depressions(the Xianji village),and flows to the mining area westward.Shallow groundwater in the northern part of the Devonian karst aquifer is supplied by the Carboniferous karst aquifer through faults dislocating the aquiclude,then mixes with the deep groundwater from the southern part,and finally feeds together towards the mine depression cone located in the central part.
引文
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[16]李金秀.滇东北毛坪铅锌矿区深部开采条件下矿坑水防治研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.[LI J X.Study on groundwater control and prevention with deep mining condition in Maoping Lead-zinc Mine,northeastern Yunnan Province[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)]
[17]周高明,赵璐.悬挂式地表河流渗漏性试验研究[J].工程勘察,2017,45(5):28-31.[ZHOU GM,ZHAO L.Study on leakage properties of suspension-type surface river[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2017,45(5):28-31.(in Chinese)]
[18]毕晶晶,彭昌盛,胥慧真.地下水硝酸盐污染与治理研究进展综述[J].地下水,2010,32(1):97-102.[BI J J,PENG C S,XU H Z.Review of research on groundwater nitrate pollution and its removal[J].Groundwater,2010,32(1):97-102.(in Chinese)]
[19]李廷勇,李红春,沈川洲,等.2006-2008年重庆大气降水δD和δ18O特征初步分析[J].水科学进展,2010,21(6):757-764.[LI T Y,LI H C,SHEN C Z,et al.Study on theδD andδ18Ocharacteristics of meteoric precipitation during 2006-2008 in Chongqing,China[J].Advances in Water Science,2010,21(6):757-764.(in Chinese)]
[20]王增银,刘娟,王涛,等.锶元素地球化学在水文地质研究中的应用进展[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(4):91-95.[WANG Z Y,LIU J,WANGT,et al.Application advances of strontium geochemistry in hydrogeology research[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2003,22(4):91-95.(in Chinese)]
[21]CLARK ID,FRITZ P.Environmental isotopes in hydrogeology[M].New York:Lewis,1997.
[2]陈彦美.南方岩溶金属矿区地下水防治理论与实践---以福建马坑铁矿为例[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2013.[CHEN Y M.Theroy and practice of karst water control and prevention in iron mining area,in south China:A case study of Makeng Iron Mining,Fujian Province[D].Wuhan:China Univeristy of Geosciences,2013.(in Chinese)]
[3]陈跃升.马坑铁矿地下水流场变化特征与疏干防治对策[J].金属矿山,2010(10):94-98.[CHEN Y S.Variation of groundwater flow field and the dewatering countermeasures in Makeng Iron Mine[J].Metal Mine,2010(10):94-98.(in Chinese)]
[4]沈继方,于青春,胡章喜.矿床水文地质学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1992.[SHEN J F,YU Q C,HU Z X.Mine hydrogeology[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1992.(in Chinese)]
[5]桂和荣,陈陆望.矿区地下水水文地球化学演化与识别[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.[GUI H R,CHEN L W.Hygeochemistric evolution and discrimination of groundwater in mining district[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2007.(in Chinese)]
[6]Katsanou K,Lambrakis N,D'Alesssandro W,et al.Chemical parameters as natural tracers in hydrogeology:a case study of Louros karst system,Greece[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2017(25):487-499.
[7]Montcoudiol N,Molson J,Lemieux J M,et al.Aconceptual model for groundwater flow and geochemical evolution in the southern Outaouais Region,Quebec,Canada[J].Applied Geochemistry,2015(58):62-77.
[8]SUN Z Y,MA R,WANG Y X,et al.Using isotopic,hydrogeochemical-tracer and temperature data to characterize recharge and flow paths in a complex karst groundwater flow system in northern China[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2016(24):1393-1412.
[9]杜欣,陈植华,林荣荣,等.福建马坑矿区水化学微量组分的指示作用[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(6):33-37.[DU X,CHEN Z H,LIN RR,et al.Hydrogeochemistry of trace elements in groundwater from Makeng district,Fujian Province[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2008,35(6):33-37.(in Chinese)]
[10]龚星,陈植华,孙璐.罗河铁矿水文地球化学特征及成因[J].地球科学,2014,39(3):293-302.[GONG X,CHEN Z H,SUN L.Hydrogeochemical characteristics and genesis of Luohe iron deposit[J].Earth Sciences,2014,39(3):293-302.(in Chinese)]
[11]黄平华,陈建生.焦作矿区地下水水化学特征及涌水水源判别的FDA模型[J].煤田地质与勘探,2011,39(2):42-46.[HUANG P H,CHEN J S.The chemical features of ground water and FDA model used to distinguish source of water burst in Jiaozuo mine area[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2011,39(2):42-46.(in Chinese)]
[12]罗明明,黄荷,尹德超,等.基于水化学和氢氧同位素的峡口隧道涌水来源识别[J].水文地质工程地质,2015,42(1):7-13.[LUO M M,HUANGH,YIN D C,et al.Source identification of water inrush in the Xiakou tunnel based on hydrochemistry and hydrogen-oxygen isotopes[J].Hydrogeology&Enginnering Geology,2015,42(1):7-13.(in Chinese)]
[13]张俊,李余生,林曼利,等.淮南张集矿水文地球化学特征及水源识别[J].水文地质工程地质,2014,41(6):32-37.[ZHANG J,LI Y S,LIN ML,et al.Hydrogeochemistry characteristics and source identification:a case study in the Zhangjicoal mine in Huainan[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2014,41(6):32-37.(in Chinese)]
[14]张群利,郭会荣,吴孔军,等.荥巩矿区岩溶地下水系统的水文地球化学特征及其指示意义[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(2):1-7.[ZHANG QL,GUO H R,WU K J,et al.Characteristics and indication of hydrogeochemistry for the karst grounwater system in the Xinggong coal field[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2011,38(2):1-7.(in Chinese)]
[15]焦艳军,王广才,范有余,等.基于氢氧同位素和水化学的废弃煤矿充水水源识别[J].第四纪研究,2014,34(5):1054-1061.[JIAO Y J,WANGG C,FAN Y Y,et al.Distinguishing water sources of the abandoned mine in Fengfeng mining area by using hydrochemistry and hydrogen,oxygen isotopes[J].Quaternary Sciences,2014,34(5):1054-1061.(in Chinese)]
[16]李金秀.滇东北毛坪铅锌矿区深部开采条件下矿坑水防治研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.[LI J X.Study on groundwater control and prevention with deep mining condition in Maoping Lead-zinc Mine,northeastern Yunnan Province[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)]
[17]周高明,赵璐.悬挂式地表河流渗漏性试验研究[J].工程勘察,2017,45(5):28-31.[ZHOU GM,ZHAO L.Study on leakage properties of suspension-type surface river[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2017,45(5):28-31.(in Chinese)]
[18]毕晶晶,彭昌盛,胥慧真.地下水硝酸盐污染与治理研究进展综述[J].地下水,2010,32(1):97-102.[BI J J,PENG C S,XU H Z.Review of research on groundwater nitrate pollution and its removal[J].Groundwater,2010,32(1):97-102.(in Chinese)]
[19]李廷勇,李红春,沈川洲,等.2006-2008年重庆大气降水δD和δ18O特征初步分析[J].水科学进展,2010,21(6):757-764.[LI T Y,LI H C,SHEN C Z,et al.Study on theδD andδ18Ocharacteristics of meteoric precipitation during 2006-2008 in Chongqing,China[J].Advances in Water Science,2010,21(6):757-764.(in Chinese)]
[20]王增银,刘娟,王涛,等.锶元素地球化学在水文地质研究中的应用进展[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(4):91-95.[WANG Z Y,LIU J,WANGT,et al.Application advances of strontium geochemistry in hydrogeology research[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2003,22(4):91-95.(in Chinese)]
[21]CLARK ID,FRITZ P.Environmental isotopes in hydrogeology[M].New York:Lewis,1997.
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