页岩变形过程中表面红外辐射演化规律探究
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摘要
为探寻含裂隙岩体变形失稳过程中表面红外辐射演化规律,对沉积类岩石油页岩内部原生孔隙裂隙进行CT扫描定位,以单轴压缩过程中红外监测实验为例证,探究其表面红外辐射温度演化规律,并以表面辐射最高温度、平均温度及变异系数三个统计量为指标进行分析。结果表明:(1)不同于花岗岩、大理岩、砂岩等完整岩石单轴压缩过程中表面温度随应力增加表现为上升现象,含孔隙、裂隙岩石油页岩表面温度随应力增加则表现为下降;但临近试件发生破坏,二者均会产生温度陡然升高的现象;(2)平均温度与最高温度曲线具有共性特征,随载荷增加,二者表现出明显的阶段性,即快速下降阶段-缓慢下降阶段-快速上升阶段,且最高温度曲线临近破坏具有更高的敏感性;(3)变异系数曲线可以较好地反应试件表面辐射温度离散程度,随应力增加,首先表现为快速增长,随后进入相对稳定期,临近破坏时刻再次出现快速增长;稳定期后变异系数曲线的快速增长预示岩石破坏;(4)油页岩变形失稳过程中表面温度下降与其内部气体逸出及孔隙、裂隙坍塌破坏相关。原生裂隙在加载初期表现为温度降低,临近破坏时该区域则转变为升温区。该研究为预测沉积类岩体特别是含有天然裂隙岩体变形失稳过程中表面红外辐射变化规律提供了新的内容。
In order to explore the evolution of the surface infrared radiation during the deformation and instability of the fractured rock mass,the CT scanning of the primary pore fissure in the sedimentary rock oil shale was carried out. The infrared radiation temperature evolution law of the rock surface was investigated by the infrared monitoring experiment in the process of uniaxial compression,and three statistics of surface radiation maximum temperature,mean temperature and variation coefficient were used as indicators. The results show that: 1.Unlike granite,marble,sandstone and other intact rocks under uniaxial compression,the surface temperature increases with the increase of stress,while the surface temperature of oil shale with pores and fractures decreases with the increase of stress.However,when the specimen is nearby destroyed,the temperature rises sharply in both cases. 2. The average temperature and the highest temperature curves have common characteristics, the two show obvious stages characteristic with the increase of the load,that is,the rapid descent stage-the slow descent stage-the rapid rise stage.The highest temperature curve has higher sensitivity the damage.3. The variation coefficient curve can better reflect the dispersion of surface radiation temperature of the specimen. With the increase of stress,it first shows rapid growth,then enters the relative stability period,and the rapid growth near the time of failure.The rapid growth of the variation coefficient curve after the stable period forebodes the rock destruction. 4. The decrease of surface temperature during the destabilization of oil shale is related to the internal gas escaping and the collapse of pores and fractures.The primary fracture appears to be a decreasing zone in loading,and it changes to a warming zone near failure. This study provides a new content for predicting the infrared radiation changes of sedimentary rock mass,especially in the process of deformation and instability of naturally fractured rock mass.
In order to explore the evolution of the surface infrared radiation during the deformation and instability of the fractured rock mass,the CT scanning of the primary pore fissure in the sedimentary rock oil shale was carried out. The infrared radiation temperature evolution law of the rock surface was investigated by the infrared monitoring experiment in the process of uniaxial compression,and three statistics of surface radiation maximum temperature,mean temperature and variation coefficient were used as indicators. The results show that: 1.Unlike granite,marble,sandstone and other intact rocks under uniaxial compression,the surface temperature increases with the increase of stress,while the surface temperature of oil shale with pores and fractures decreases with the increase of stress.However,when the specimen is nearby destroyed,the temperature rises sharply in both cases. 2. The average temperature and the highest temperature curves have common characteristics, the two show obvious stages characteristic with the increase of the load,that is,the rapid descent stage-the slow descent stage-the rapid rise stage.The highest temperature curve has higher sensitivity the damage.3. The variation coefficient curve can better reflect the dispersion of surface radiation temperature of the specimen. With the increase of stress,it first shows rapid growth,then enters the relative stability period,and the rapid growth near the time of failure.The rapid growth of the variation coefficient curve after the stable period forebodes the rock destruction. 4. The decrease of surface temperature during the destabilization of oil shale is related to the internal gas escaping and the collapse of pores and fractures.The primary fracture appears to be a decreasing zone in loading,and it changes to a warming zone near failure. This study provides a new content for predicting the infrared radiation changes of sedimentary rock mass,especially in the process of deformation and instability of naturally fractured rock mass.
引文
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[18]Zhao Y,Jiang Y.Acoustic emission and thermal infrared precursors associated with bump-prone coal failure[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2010,83(1):11-20.
[19]刘善军,吴立新,吴育华,等.受载岩石红外辐射的影响因素及机理分析[J].矿山测量,2003(3):67-68.(Wu Lixin,Liu Shanjun,Wu Yuhua,et al.Influence factors and mechanism analysis of infrared radiation of loaded rocks[J].Mine Surveying,2003(3):67-68.(in Chinese))
[20]刘善军,魏嘉磊,黄建伟,等.岩石加载过程中红外辐射温度场演化的定量分析方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增1):2968-2976.(Liu Shanjun,Wei Jialei,Huang Jianwei,et al.Quantitative analysis methods of infrared radiation temperature field variation in rock loading process[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Supp.1):2968-2976.(in Chinese))
[21]Wu L X,Geng N G,Wang J H,et al.Remote sensing rock mechanics(RSRM)and associated experimental studies[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(6):879-888.
[22]Sun X,Xu H,He M,et al.Experimental investigation of the occurrence of rockburst in a rock specimen through infrared thermography and acoustic emission[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2017,93:250-259.
[23]Baker L R.Thermoelastic stress analysis[J].Optica Acta International Journal of Optics,1982,29(4):555-563.
[24]Yang X.Y.Compositions and implications of inclusions in the typical mantle rocks from east china[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999(1):19-23.
[25]葛良胜,郭晓东.试论地球内部流体与地质作用--现代地质科学研究思考[J].地球科学进展,1998,13(2):129-139.(Ge Liangsheng,Guo Xiaodong.On fluids and geological functions in the earth’s interiorreflections on modern geological science[J].Progress in Geosciences,1998,13(2):129-139.(in Chinese))
[2]Prendes-Gero M B,Suárez-Domínguez F J,GonzálezNicieza C,et al.Infrared thermography methodology applied to detect localized rockfalls in self-supporting underground mines[A]//EUROCK 2013-The 2013ISRM International Symposium-Rock Mechanics for Resources,Energy,and Environment[C].2013:825-829.
[3]Luong M P.Infrared observation soffailure pricesses inplain concrete[A]//Durability of building materials and component[C].1987:870-878.
[4]Ciliberto A,Cavaccini G,Salvetti O,et al.Porosity detection in composite aeronautical structures[J].Infrared Physics and Technology,2002,43(3-5):139-143.
[5]Garnier C,Pastor M L,Eyma F,et al.The detection of aeronautical defects in situ on composite structures using non destructivetesting[J].Composite Structures,2011,93(5):1328-1336.
[6]邓明德,钱家栋,尹京苑,等.红外遥感用于大型混凝土工程稳定性监测和失稳预测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(2):147-150.(Deng Mingde,Qian Jiadong,Yi Jingyuan,et al.Application of infrared remote sensing in stability monitoring and instability prediction of large concrete works[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(2):147-150.(in Chinese))
[7]Wu L,Wang J.Infrared radiation features of coal and rocks under loading[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(7):969-976.
[8]Zhao Y,Jiang Y.Acoustic emission and thermal infrared precursors associated with bump-prone coal failure[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2010,83(1):11-20.
[9]Wu L,Liu S,Wu Y,et al.Changes in infrared radiation with rock deformation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2002,39(6):825-831.
[10]Sheinin V I,Blokhin D I.Features of thermomechanical effects in rock salt samples under uniaxial compression[J].Journal of Mining Science,2012,48(1):39-45.
[11]Salami Y,Dano C,Hicher P Y.Infrared thermography of rock fracture[J].Géotechnique Letters,2017,7(1):1-5.
[12]Wu L,Liu S,Wu Y,et al.Precursors for rock fracturing and failure-Part II:IRR T-Curve abnormalities[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2006,43(3):483-493.
[13]马立强,张垚,孙海,等.煤岩破裂过程中应力对红外辐射的控制效应试验[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):140-147.(Ma Liqiang,Zhang Yao,Sun Hai,et al.Experimental study on dependence of infrared radiation on stress for coal fracturing process[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):140-147.(in Chinese))
[14]刘善军,吴立新,吴焕萍,等.多暗色矿物类岩石单轴加载过程中红外辐射定量研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(11):1585-1589.(Liu Shanjun,Wu Lixin,Wu Huanping,et al.Quantitative study on infrared radiation of multi dark mineral rocks during uniaxial loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(11):1585-1589.(in Chinese))
[15]Wu L X,Geng N G,Wang J H,et al.Remote sensing rock mechanics(RSRM)and associated experimental studies[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(6):879-888.
[16]刘善军,吴立新,王川婴,等.遥感-岩石力学(Ⅷ)---论岩石破裂的热红外前兆[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(10):1621-1627.(Liu Shanjun,Wu Lixin,Wang Chuanying,et al.Remote sensing-rock mechanics(Ⅷ)-tir omens of rock fracturing[J].chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(10):1621-1627.(in Chinese))
[17]刘善军,吴立新,张艳博.岩石破裂前红外热像的时空演化特征[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2009,30(7):1034-1038.(Liu Shanjun,Wu Lixin,Zhang Yanbo.Temporal-spatial evolution features of infrared thermal images before rock failure[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science Edition),2009,30(7):1034-1038.(in Chinese))
[18]Zhao Y,Jiang Y.Acoustic emission and thermal infrared precursors associated with bump-prone coal failure[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2010,83(1):11-20.
[19]刘善军,吴立新,吴育华,等.受载岩石红外辐射的影响因素及机理分析[J].矿山测量,2003(3):67-68.(Wu Lixin,Liu Shanjun,Wu Yuhua,et al.Influence factors and mechanism analysis of infrared radiation of loaded rocks[J].Mine Surveying,2003(3):67-68.(in Chinese))
[20]刘善军,魏嘉磊,黄建伟,等.岩石加载过程中红外辐射温度场演化的定量分析方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增1):2968-2976.(Liu Shanjun,Wei Jialei,Huang Jianwei,et al.Quantitative analysis methods of infrared radiation temperature field variation in rock loading process[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Supp.1):2968-2976.(in Chinese))
[21]Wu L X,Geng N G,Wang J H,et al.Remote sensing rock mechanics(RSRM)and associated experimental studies[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(6):879-888.
[22]Sun X,Xu H,He M,et al.Experimental investigation of the occurrence of rockburst in a rock specimen through infrared thermography and acoustic emission[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2017,93:250-259.
[23]Baker L R.Thermoelastic stress analysis[J].Optica Acta International Journal of Optics,1982,29(4):555-563.
[24]Yang X.Y.Compositions and implications of inclusions in the typical mantle rocks from east china[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999(1):19-23.
[25]葛良胜,郭晓东.试论地球内部流体与地质作用--现代地质科学研究思考[J].地球科学进展,1998,13(2):129-139.(Ge Liangsheng,Guo Xiaodong.On fluids and geological functions in the earth’s interiorreflections on modern geological science[J].Progress in Geosciences,1998,13(2):129-139.(in Chinese))
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