黔北凤冈地区龙马溪组页岩孔隙结构特征
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摘要
利用所采样品的扫描电镜、核磁共振、氮气吸附、X射线衍射、镜质组反射率(Ro)、总有机碳质量分数(TOC)及显微组分等实验测试资料,探讨了黔北凤冈地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩的孔隙结构特征。结果表明:研究区页岩中TOC差异较大,Ro介于1.363%～2.647%,黏土矿物质量分数较大;页岩中常见有机质孔和微裂缝,形状多为圆形、长条狭缝形及墨水瓶形,孔隙度为6.53%～8.33%;页岩孔隙以孔径为2～50 nm的介孔为主,BET比表面积相对较大,总体积平均为0.019 62 cm3/g;孔隙的发育受有机质成熟度、有机质丰度和矿物组分影响,随着黏土矿物质量分数、总有机碳质量分数的增加,页岩孔容及比表面积呈现增长的趋势,而当石英等脆性矿物质量分数、镜质组反射率增加时,孔隙度、孔隙总体积则随之减小。
By using the experimental data of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance, nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, Ro, TOC and maceral composition, the pore structure characteristics of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in Fenggang area, northern Guizhou were discussed. The results show that the organic carbon content of shale in the study area is quite different, with vitrinite reflectance of 1.363% -2.647% and high content of clay minerals; the common organic pore and micro-crack in the shale have the mainly round, long slit and ink bottle shapes, with the porosity of shale ranging from 6.53% to 8.33%; the shale pore is mainly mesoporous, with pore diameter of 2-50 nm, larger BET specific surface area of pore and the average total volume of 0.01962 cm3/g; the development of pore is influenced by maturity of organic matter,organic matter content and minerals content. With the increase of clay minerals and TOC, the pore volume and specific surface area of shale show an increasing trend; but when Roand brittle minerals such as quartz increase, the porosity and total pore volume decrease.
By using the experimental data of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance, nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, Ro, TOC and maceral composition, the pore structure characteristics of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in Fenggang area, northern Guizhou were discussed. The results show that the organic carbon content of shale in the study area is quite different, with vitrinite reflectance of 1.363% -2.647% and high content of clay minerals; the common organic pore and micro-crack in the shale have the mainly round, long slit and ink bottle shapes, with the porosity of shale ranging from 6.53% to 8.33%; the shale pore is mainly mesoporous, with pore diameter of 2-50 nm, larger BET specific surface area of pore and the average total volume of 0.01962 cm3/g; the development of pore is influenced by maturity of organic matter,organic matter content and minerals content. With the increase of clay minerals and TOC, the pore volume and specific surface area of shale show an increasing trend; but when Roand brittle minerals such as quartz increase, the porosity and total pore volume decrease.
引文
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[21]李志清，孙洋，胡瑞林，等.基于核磁共振法的页岩纳米孔隙结构特征研究[J].工程地质学报，2018,26(3):758-766.
[2]丁文龙，许长春，久凯，等.泥页岩裂缝研究进展[J].地球科学进展，2011,26(2):135-144.
[3] ROSS D J K,BUSTIN R M. The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2009,26(6):916-927.
[4]邹才能，董大忠，王社教，等．中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J]．石油勘探与开发，2010,37(6):641-653.
[5] JARCIE D M,HILL R J,RUBLE T E,et al. Unconventional shale-gas systems:the Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texas as one model forth ermogenic shale-gas assessment[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499.
[6]李贤庆，王哲，郭曼，等．黔北地区下古生界页岩气储层孔隙结构特征[J].中国矿业大学学报，2016,45(6):1172-1183.
[7]吴建国，刘大锰，姚艳斌.鄂尔多斯盆地渭北地区页岩纳米孔隙发育特征及其控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质，2014,35(4):542-550.
[8]张吉振，李贤庆，郭曼，等．川南地区二叠系龙潭组页岩微观孔隙特征及其影响因素[J].天然气地球科学，2015,26(8):1571-1578.
[9]杨文新，李继庆，赵江艳，等.四川盆地涪陵地区龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构定性定量研究[J].石油实验地质，2018,40(1):97-102.
[10]曾维特，丁文龙，张金川，等．渝东南-黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩裂缝有效性研究[J].地学前缘，2016,23(1):96-106.
[11]王濡岳，尹帅，龚大建，等.下寒武统页岩孔隙结构与分形特征[J].断块油气田，2018,25(5):589-592.
[12]熊健，刘向君，梁利喜.四川盆地富有机质页岩孔隙分形特征[J].断块油气田，2017,24(2):184-189.
[13]邬忠虎.下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层裂缝特征及分布预测研究[D].贵阳：贵州大学，2017.
[14]周泽．贵州凤冈二区块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气成藏特征研究[D].徐州：中国矿业大学，2015.
[15]丁文龙，李超，李春燕，等．页岩裂缝发育主控因素及其对含气性的影响[J].地学前缘，2012,19(2):212-220.
[16] LOUCKS R G,REED R M,RUPPEL S C,et al. Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and adescriptive classification for matrixrelated mudrock pores[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(6):1071-1098.
[17]李玮，赵欢，李思琪，等.页岩裂缝网络的几何特征二维表征及连通性分析[J].石油钻探技术，2017,45(6):70-76.
[18]焦堃，姚素平，吴浩，等.页岩气储层孔隙系统表征方法研究进展[J].高校地质学报，2014,20(1):151-161.
[19] ROUQUEROL J,AVNIR D,FAIRBRIDGE C W,et al. Recommendations for the characterization of porous solids[J]. Pure&Applied Chemistry,1994,66(8):1739-1785.
[20]张磊，石军太，张庆辉，等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部页岩核磁共振实验研究[J].煤炭学报，2018,43(10):2876-2885.
[21]李志清，孙洋，胡瑞林，等.基于核磁共振法的页岩纳米孔隙结构特征研究[J].工程地质学报，2018,26(3):758-766.
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