基于二维地震数据的宏观三维速度建模——以南海西北部海域为例
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摘要
速度场在南海形成与演化、深部结构、沉积盆地分析和能源资源勘探过程中具有重要作用,以南海西北部为研究试点区,基于二维多道地震数据,在常规地震数据处理获得准确叠加速度的基础上,进行了均方根速度到层速度的转换,采用最小曲率插值算法,构建研究区的宏观三维速度模型,获得了良好的效果,初步建立了基于二维地震资料进行宏观三维速度建模的方法,为今后在南海全域开展宏观三维速度建模研究打下了坚实基础。
Velocity model plays an important role in exploring tectonic evolution,deep structure,sedimentary basin analysis and energy resources exploration of a region offshore.According to our experience in the South China Sea,accurate stacking velocity is possible to be obtained from 2D multichannel seismic data and root-mean-square velocity converted to interval velocity then.Upon it a macroscopic 3D-dimensional velocity model of the study area may be constructed by the minimum curvature interpolation algorithm.Good results have been achieved.So far,we have preliminarily established the method of macroscopic 3D velocity modeling based on 2D seismic data and laid a solid foundation for future study of macroscopic 3D velocity modeling in the whole area of the South China Sea.
Velocity model plays an important role in exploring tectonic evolution,deep structure,sedimentary basin analysis and energy resources exploration of a region offshore.According to our experience in the South China Sea,accurate stacking velocity is possible to be obtained from 2D multichannel seismic data and root-mean-square velocity converted to interval velocity then.Upon it a macroscopic 3D-dimensional velocity model of the study area may be constructed by the minimum curvature interpolation algorithm.Good results have been achieved.So far,we have preliminarily established the method of macroscopic 3D velocity modeling based on 2D seismic data and laid a solid foundation for future study of macroscopic 3D velocity modeling in the whole area of the South China Sea.
引文
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[23]王兆国,程顺有,刘财.地球物理勘探中几种二维插值方法的误差分析[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(6):1997-2004.
[24]梁建设,张功成,王璞珺,等.南海陆缘盆地构造演化与烃源岩特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(5):1309-1319.
[25]钟广见,吴世敏,冯常茂.南海北部中生代沉积模式[J].热带海洋学报,2011,30(1):43-48.
[2]王树华,刘怀山,张云银,等.变速成图方法及应用研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2004,34(1):139-146.
[3]赵斌,张衡,高红芳,等.叠前深度偏移技术在珠江口盆地的应用及其地质意义[J].海洋地质前沿,2018,34(7):65-70.
[4]赵斌,高红芳,张衡,等.基于深度域地震成像的中沙海槽盆地东北部结构构造研究[J].热带海洋学报,2019,38(2):95-102.
[5] Riis F,Lundschien B A,Hoy T,et al.Evolution of the Triassic shelf in the northern Barents Sea region[J].Polar Research,2010,27(3):318-338.
[6]彭海龙,邓勇,赫建伟,等.基于断层与层位约束的3D速度建模方法在消除断层阴影中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2017,32(6):2520-2526.
[7]彭海龙,赫建伟,任婷,等.基于地质构造约束的3D速度建模方法在琼东南盆地深水复杂断块区域成像中的应用[J].物探与化探,2018,42(3):537-544.
[8]张璐,李辉,支玲,等.全地质构造格架模型约束下的速度建模技术研究及应用[J].球物理学进展,2018,33(4):1637-1644.
[9] Briais A,Patriat P,Tapponier P.Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the South China Sea:Implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth,1993,98(B4):6299-6328.
[10]姚伯初,万玲.中国南海海域岩石圈三维结构及演化[M].北京:地质出版社,2006:180-221.
[11]张功成,朱伟林,米立军,等.“源热共控论”:来自南海海域油气田“外油内气”环带有序分布的新认识[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):987-1005.
[12]张强,吕福亮,贺晓苏,等.南海近5年油气勘探进展与启示[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(1):54-61.
[13]赵斌,刘胜旋,李丽青,等.南海冷泉分布特征及油气地质意义[J].海洋地质前沿,2018,34(10):32-43.
[14] Zhang G X,Liang J,Lu J,et al.Geological features,controlling factors and potential prospects of the gas hydrate occurrence in the east part of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,67:356-367.
[15] Zhang G X,Yang S X,Zhang M,et al.GMGS2expedition investigates rich and complex gas hydrate environment in the South China Sea[J].Fire Ice,2014,14(1):1-15.
[16]徐行,罗贤虎,彭登,等.中国首次试采天然气水合物成功[J].中国地质,2017,44(3):620-621.
[17]邱燕,彭学超,朱本铎,等.南海1:100万永暑礁幅海洋区域地质调查成果[J].地质通报,2006,25(3):419-425.
[18]陈泓君,彭学超,朱本铎,等.南海1:100万海南岛幅海洋区域地质调查与编图成果综述[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2014,34(6):83-96.
[19]张勇,李学杰,尚鲁宁,等.“中国海域1:100万区域地质调查集成及应用研究”取得重大进展[J].海洋地质前沿,2018,34(11):72.
[20] Dix C H.Seismic velocities from surface measurements[J].Geophysics,1955,20(1):68-86.
[21] Briggs I C.Machine contouring using minimum curvature[J].Geophysics,2012,39(1):39-48.
[22]高洋,张健.基于自然邻点插值的数据处理方法[J].中国科学院大学学报,2005,22(3):346-351.
[23]王兆国,程顺有,刘财.地球物理勘探中几种二维插值方法的误差分析[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(6):1997-2004.
[24]梁建设,张功成,王璞珺,等.南海陆缘盆地构造演化与烃源岩特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(5):1309-1319.
[25]钟广见,吴世敏,冯常茂.南海北部中生代沉积模式[J].热带海洋学报,2011,30(1):43-48.
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