煤矸石中和渣酸浸工艺及固化机理研究
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摘要
为解决实际生产中煤矸石中和渣固化-酸化一体化操作物料固化固结强度高、转移困难等问题,本研究以贵州盘州中试煤矸石中和渣为原料,以98酸为酸浸介质,以溶出率为主要指标,将以往"高温酸化→转移→溶出"的技术路线改为"低温固化→转移→高温酸化→溶出",并结合XRD、SEM表征手段探明中和渣固化反应机理。结果表明:50℃下固化体形态在第3天时达到终凝,酸化温度170℃、酸化时间4 h、酸化酸渣比1. 2∶1、溶出液固比4∶1、溶出时间60 min、溶出温度80℃,中和渣中有价元素溶出率分别为:钛82. 63%、铁96. 48%、铝98. 33%、钙87. 72%、镁95. 31%,酸渣中Si O2质量分数> 96%,该技术路线解决了物料转移难的问题,同时酸溶物溶出高,实现了酸渣富硅除杂。
In order to solve the problems of high solidification,consolidation strength and difficult transfer of coal gangue neutralization slag solidification-acidification integrated operation materials in actual production,Guizhou coal gangue neutralization slag was used as raw material,98% concentrated sulfuric acid as acid leaching medium,and the dissolution rate as the main index. The previous technical route of "high-temperature acidification→transfer→dissolution"was changed to "low-temperature curing→transfer→high-temperature acidification→dissolution",and curing reaction mechanism was determined by XRD and SEM characterization methods. The results show that the solidification morphology reaches the final condensation on the third day at 50 ℃,the acidification temperature is170 ℃,the acidification time is 4 h,the acidified acid slag ratio is 1. 2 ∶ 1,the dissolution ratio is 4 ∶ 1,the dissolution time is 60 min,and the dissolution temperature is 80 ℃. The titanium dissolution rate of valuable elements in the neutralization slag is 82. 63%,iron 96. 48%,aluminum 98. 33%,calcium 87. 72%,magnesium 95. 31%,respectively. The mass fraction of SiO2 in the acid slag is > 96%. This technical route not only solves the problem of material transfer,but also increases the dissolution rate of acid-soluble substance. The silicon enrichment and impurity removal of the acid residue are achieved.
In order to solve the problems of high solidification,consolidation strength and difficult transfer of coal gangue neutralization slag solidification-acidification integrated operation materials in actual production,Guizhou coal gangue neutralization slag was used as raw material,98% concentrated sulfuric acid as acid leaching medium,and the dissolution rate as the main index. The previous technical route of "high-temperature acidification→transfer→dissolution"was changed to "low-temperature curing→transfer→high-temperature acidification→dissolution",and curing reaction mechanism was determined by XRD and SEM characterization methods. The results show that the solidification morphology reaches the final condensation on the third day at 50 ℃,the acidification temperature is170 ℃,the acidification time is 4 h,the acidified acid slag ratio is 1. 2 ∶ 1,the dissolution ratio is 4 ∶ 1,the dissolution time is 60 min,and the dissolution temperature is 80 ℃. The titanium dissolution rate of valuable elements in the neutralization slag is 82. 63%,iron 96. 48%,aluminum 98. 33%,calcium 87. 72%,magnesium 95. 31%,respectively. The mass fraction of SiO2 in the acid slag is > 96%. This technical route not only solves the problem of material transfer,but also increases the dissolution rate of acid-soluble substance. The silicon enrichment and impurity removal of the acid residue are achieved.
引文
[1]郭彦霞,张圆圆,程芳琴.煤矸石综合利用的产业化及其展望[J].化工学报,2014,65(7):2443-2453.
[2]王淇,张丽娜,闵鑫,等.中国煤矸石综合利用技术研究进展[J].科技创新导报,2017(36):46-48.
[3]ZHAI Xiaowei,WU Shibo,WANG Kai.Environment influences and extinguish technology of spontaneous combustion of coal gangue heap of Baijigou coal mine in China[J].Energy Procedia,2017,136:66-72.
[4]高孟华,公明明,王吉昌,等.煤矸石的活化及氧化铝提取[J].中国矿业,2007,16(6):88-90.
[5]华贲,王小伍.低碳时代中国有机化工走势的探讨[J].化工学报,2010(9):2169-2176.
[6]丛志刚.论煤矸石对环境的危害及其综合治理与利用[J].工程技术,2016(5):260-261.
[7]雷建红.煤矸石的污染危害与综合利用分析[J].能源与节能,2017(4):90-91.
[8]杨倩.煤矸石污染及资源化利用研究[J].农村经济与科技,2015,26(12):41-42.
[9]范钊.煤矸石资源再生利用途径探讨[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(11):331-332.
[10]刘成龙.煤矸石酸浸提取工艺与机理研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015:72-74.
[11]GB/T 1346-2011.水泥标准稠度用水量、凝结时间、安定性检验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011:3-6.
[12]刘成龙,谢宇充,夏举佩,等.煤矸石中和渣酸化提取铝、钛实验研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(4):966-972.
[2]王淇,张丽娜,闵鑫,等.中国煤矸石综合利用技术研究进展[J].科技创新导报,2017(36):46-48.
[3]ZHAI Xiaowei,WU Shibo,WANG Kai.Environment influences and extinguish technology of spontaneous combustion of coal gangue heap of Baijigou coal mine in China[J].Energy Procedia,2017,136:66-72.
[4]高孟华,公明明,王吉昌,等.煤矸石的活化及氧化铝提取[J].中国矿业,2007,16(6):88-90.
[5]华贲,王小伍.低碳时代中国有机化工走势的探讨[J].化工学报,2010(9):2169-2176.
[6]丛志刚.论煤矸石对环境的危害及其综合治理与利用[J].工程技术,2016(5):260-261.
[7]雷建红.煤矸石的污染危害与综合利用分析[J].能源与节能,2017(4):90-91.
[8]杨倩.煤矸石污染及资源化利用研究[J].农村经济与科技,2015,26(12):41-42.
[9]范钊.煤矸石资源再生利用途径探讨[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(11):331-332.
[10]刘成龙.煤矸石酸浸提取工艺与机理研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015:72-74.
[11]GB/T 1346-2011.水泥标准稠度用水量、凝结时间、安定性检验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011:3-6.
[12]刘成龙,谢宇充,夏举佩,等.煤矸石中和渣酸化提取铝、钛实验研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(4):966-972.
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