雾霾天气对小学生肺功能的影响
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摘要
目的探讨雾霾天气对小学生肺功能的影响,以期为政府治理雾霾提供参考依据。方法收集某市2016年全年空气污染指标信息,在非雾霾日与雾霾日对不同污染区小学生进行两次肺功能测试,比较非雾霾日与雾霾日不同污染区小学生的肺功能指标[用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、呼气峰值流速(PEF)、25%FVC时的用力呼气流量(FEF75)和75%FVC时的用力呼气流量(FEF25)]差异。结果描述性分析结果显示,轻污染区PM2.5年均值为41.01μg/m3,重污染区PM2.5年均值为44.14μg/m3。非雾霾日,重污染区小学生的FVC、FEV1、PEF、FEF25均显著高于轻污染区,FEF75低于轻污染区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。雾霾日,重污染区与轻污染区小学生的FVC、FEV1、FEF75比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);重污染区小学生的PEF、FEF25均显著低于轻污染区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻污染区,雾霾日小学生的FVC、FEV1、PEF、FEF75、FEF25显著高于非雾霾日,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重污染区,雾霾日与非雾霾日小学生的FVC、FEV1、FEF75比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);雾霾日小学生的PEF、FEF25均显著低于非雾霾日,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论雾霾天气对小学生肺功能有影响,应加大环境空气污染治理力度,保护小学生肺功能健康。
Objective To explore the effect of haze weather on lung function of primary school students,so as to provide a reference for the government to control haze.Methods The air pollution index information of a city in the whole year of 2016 was collected.Two lung function tests were conducted on primary school students in different polluted areas on non-haze and haze days.The differences of lung function indexes(forced vital capacity [FVC],forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1],peak expiratory flow rate [PEF],forced expiratory flow at 25% FVC [FEF75],forced expiratory flow at 75% FVC [FEF25]) were compared in different polluted areas on non-haze and haze days.Results The descriptive analysis showed that the average annual value of PM2.5 in the lightly polluted area was 41.01 μg/m3,and the average annual value of PM2.5 in the heavily polluted area was 44.14 μg/m3.On the non-haze days,the FVC,FEV1,PEF and FEF25 of primary school students in the heavily polluted areas were significantly higher than those in the lightly polluted areas,and FEF75 was lower than that in the lightly polluted areas,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).On the haze days,there were no significant differences in the FVC,FEV1 and FEF75 between the heavily polluted areas and the lightly polluted areas(P>0.05).The PEF and FEF25 of primary school students in the heavily polluted areas were significantly lower than those in the lightly polluted areas,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the lightly polluted areas,the FVC,FEV1,PEF,FEF75 and FEF25 of primary school students on the haze days were significantly higher than those on the non-haze days,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the heavily polluted areas,there were no significant differences in FVC,FEV1 and FEF75 between the haze days and the non-haze days(P>0.05).The PEF and FEF25 of primary school students on the haze days were significantly lower than those on the non-haze days,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The haze weather has the effect on the lung function of primary school students.It is necessary to increase the intensity of environmental air pollution control to protect the lung function of primary school students.
Objective To explore the effect of haze weather on lung function of primary school students,so as to provide a reference for the government to control haze.Methods The air pollution index information of a city in the whole year of 2016 was collected.Two lung function tests were conducted on primary school students in different polluted areas on non-haze and haze days.The differences of lung function indexes(forced vital capacity [FVC],forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1],peak expiratory flow rate [PEF],forced expiratory flow at 25% FVC [FEF75],forced expiratory flow at 75% FVC [FEF25]) were compared in different polluted areas on non-haze and haze days.Results The descriptive analysis showed that the average annual value of PM2.5 in the lightly polluted area was 41.01 μg/m3,and the average annual value of PM2.5 in the heavily polluted area was 44.14 μg/m3.On the non-haze days,the FVC,FEV1,PEF and FEF25 of primary school students in the heavily polluted areas were significantly higher than those in the lightly polluted areas,and FEF75 was lower than that in the lightly polluted areas,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).On the haze days,there were no significant differences in the FVC,FEV1 and FEF75 between the heavily polluted areas and the lightly polluted areas(P>0.05).The PEF and FEF25 of primary school students in the heavily polluted areas were significantly lower than those in the lightly polluted areas,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the lightly polluted areas,the FVC,FEV1,PEF,FEF75 and FEF25 of primary school students on the haze days were significantly higher than those on the non-haze days,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the heavily polluted areas,there were no significant differences in FVC,FEV1 and FEF75 between the haze days and the non-haze days(P>0.05).The PEF and FEF25 of primary school students on the haze days were significantly lower than those on the non-haze days,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The haze weather has the effect on the lung function of primary school students.It is necessary to increase the intensity of environmental air pollution control to protect the lung function of primary school students.
引文
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[9]刘宗伟,周彩丽,刘春兰,等.2015年潍坊市小学生呼吸功能现状及其影响因素[J].职业与健康,2016,32(22):3127-3130.
[10]刘国红,彭朝琼,余淑苑,等.不同空气污染地区小学生肺功能分析[J].卫生研究,2010,39(4):459-461.
[11]刘玲,张金良.我国大气污染与儿童肺功能的关系[J].环境与健康杂志,2007,24(7):471-476.
[12]张皓.儿童肺功能检测的临床意义[J].中国实用儿科杂志.2010,25(4):365-367.
[13]吴玲,朱广奎.2017年徐州市PM2.5浓度对儿童肺功能的影响[J].中国校医,2018,32(11):834-835.
[14]孙维哲,王炎,唐小哲,等.雾霾对人群健康效应研究[J].中国公共卫生管理,2016,32(2):166-169.
[15]杨勇,陈英,袁兆康.南昌市PM2.5对小学生健康状况的影响研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2017,18(8):605-608.
[2]Schultz ES,Litonjua AA,Melén E.Effects of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution on lung function in children[J].Curr Allergy Asthma Rep,2017,17(6):41.
[3]Gehring U,Gruzieva O,Agius RM,et al.Air pollution exposure and lung function in children:the ESCAPE project[J].Environ Health Perspect,2013,121(11-12):1357-1364.
[4]王珂,陈志永,陈小岳.常州市大气污染对小学生患病情况及肺功能的影响[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(10):1527-1529.
[5]颜玲,王静,苏丽娅.济南市不同空气污染区小学生肺功能分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2016,32(2):180-182.
[6]李盛,王金玉,王宇红,等.大气污染对兰州市城关区小学生肺通气功能的影响[J].环境与健康杂志,2015,32(6):498-500.
[7]中华人民共和国环境保护部.环境空气质量标准(GB3095-2012)[S].http://kjs.mee.gov.cn/hjbhbz/bzwb/dqhjbh/dqhjzlbz/201203/W020120410330232398521.pdf
[8]王丽茹,高利华,阙菡雅.冬季雾霾天气对某市小学生肺功能的影响[J].中国学校卫生,2017,(11):103-105,109.
[9]刘宗伟,周彩丽,刘春兰,等.2015年潍坊市小学生呼吸功能现状及其影响因素[J].职业与健康,2016,32(22):3127-3130.
[10]刘国红,彭朝琼,余淑苑,等.不同空气污染地区小学生肺功能分析[J].卫生研究,2010,39(4):459-461.
[11]刘玲,张金良.我国大气污染与儿童肺功能的关系[J].环境与健康杂志,2007,24(7):471-476.
[12]张皓.儿童肺功能检测的临床意义[J].中国实用儿科杂志.2010,25(4):365-367.
[13]吴玲,朱广奎.2017年徐州市PM2.5浓度对儿童肺功能的影响[J].中国校医,2018,32(11):834-835.
[14]孙维哲,王炎,唐小哲,等.雾霾对人群健康效应研究[J].中国公共卫生管理,2016,32(2):166-169.
[15]杨勇,陈英,袁兆康.南昌市PM2.5对小学生健康状况的影响研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2017,18(8):605-608.
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