机械活化对废荧光粉中钇浸出动力学的影响
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摘要
针对废荧光粉进行机械活化预处理以提高其反应活性,实现其中金属钇(Y)在盐酸溶液中的高效浸出。通过浸出实验,考察了浸出温度以及盐酸初始浓度对废荧光粉中钇浸出效果的影响。废荧光粉经机械活化预处理后,在较低的温度和盐酸初始浓度条件下,钇浸出速率均显著提高。在球磨转速550 r·min~(-1)、球料比41:1、球磨时间60 min条件下,经机械活化预处理后,废荧光粉的表观活化能和反应级数由原始样品的41.9 kJ·mol~(-1)和0.69降至10.9 kJ·mol~(-1)和0.23。
Mechanical activation was used as a pretreatment process to improve the reaction activity of scrap fluorescent powder, which could result in the high-efficient leaching of yttrium element(Y) from this powder in hydrochloric acid solution. The influences of leaching temperature and initial hydrochloric acid concentration on the leaching effect of Y were investigated through leaching experiments.After mechanical activation pretreatment,Y leaching rates could be improved obviously at low temperature and acid concentration. When scrap fluorescent powder was mechanically activated for 60 min at ball milling speed of 550 r·min~(-1) and ball to powder weight ratio of 41:1, the apparent activation energy and reaction order decreased from 41.9 kJ·mol~(-1) and 0.69 of original powder to 10.9 kJ·mol~(-1) and 0.23, respectively.
Mechanical activation was used as a pretreatment process to improve the reaction activity of scrap fluorescent powder, which could result in the high-efficient leaching of yttrium element(Y) from this powder in hydrochloric acid solution. The influences of leaching temperature and initial hydrochloric acid concentration on the leaching effect of Y were investigated through leaching experiments.After mechanical activation pretreatment,Y leaching rates could be improved obviously at low temperature and acid concentration. When scrap fluorescent powder was mechanically activated for 60 min at ball milling speed of 550 r·min~(-1) and ball to powder weight ratio of 41:1, the apparent activation energy and reaction order decreased from 41.9 kJ·mol~(-1) and 0.69 of original powder to 10.9 kJ·mol~(-1) and 0.23, respectively.
引文
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[14] TAKAHASHI T, TAKANO A, SAITO T M, et al. Synthesis of red phosphor(Y2O3:Eu3+)from waste phosphor sludge by coprecipitation process[J]. Journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan, 2002, 118(5/6):413-418.
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[17] WU Y F, WANG B L, ZHANG Q J, et al. A novel process for high efficiency recovery of rare earth metals from waste phosphors using a sodium peroxide system[J]. RSC Advances, 2014, 4(16):7927-7932.
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[19]苑文仪,李金惠,张承龙,等.机械活化对CRT锥玻璃浸出动力学的影响[J].环境工程学报, 2004, 8(8):3390-3394.
[20]佟志芳,毕诗文,李慧莉,等.高炉铝酸钙炉渣浸出过程动力学[J].过程工程学报, 2005, 5(4):399-402.
[21] BABA A A, IBRAHIM A S, BALE R B, et al. Purification of a nigerian talc ore by acid leaching[J]. Applied Clay Science,2015, 114:476-483.
[22] U?AR G. Kinetics of sphalerite dissolution by sodium chlorate in hydrochloric acid[J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2009, 95(1/2):39-43.
[2] China National Institute of Standardization(CNIS). Technical supporting report for China energy efficiency standard of double-capped fluorescent lamps[EB/OL].[2018-09-17]. www.efchina.org/Attachments/Report/reports-efchina-20061215-1-zh/TechRpt_05183_CNIS_CN. pdf, 2002.
[3]齐伍凯,孙艳辉,南俊民.废弃荧光灯的回收处理方法及对策[J].环境污染与防治, 2009, 31(9):95-98.
[4]叶欣,王卓,陈吟. 2011年我国气体放电光源生产及国内外市场情况分析[J].中国照明电器, 2012(12):1-5.
[5]孙晓琴,刘玉法.荧光灯的汞污染及其防治[J].山东化工, 2003, 32(4):31-33.
[6] RABAH M A. Recyclable recovery of europium and yttrium metals and some salts from spent fluorescent lamps[J]. Waste Management, 2008, 28:318-325.
[7] DE MICHELIS I, FERELLA F, VARELLI E F, et al. Treatment of exhaust fluorescent lamps to recover yttrium:Experimental and process analyses[J]. Waste Management, 2011, 31(12):2559-2568.
[8] YANG F, KUBOTA F, BABA Y, et al. Selective extraction and recovery of rare earth metals from phosphor powders in waste fluorescent lamps using an ionic liquid system[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013, 254-255:79-88.
[9]杨幼明.从荧光粉废料中提取稀土工艺研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分), 2012(10):23-28.
[10] TAKAHASHI T, TAKANO A, SAITOH T, et al. Separation and recovery of rare earth elements from phosphor sludge in processing plant of waste fluorescent lamp by pneumatic classification and sulfuric acidic leaching[J]. Journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan, 2001, 117(7):579-585.
[11] OTSUKI A. Solid-solid separation of fluorescent powders by liquid-liquid extraction using aqueous and organic phases[J]. Resources Processing, 2006, 53:121-133.
[12] RYOSUKE S, KAYO S, YOUICHI E, et al. Supercritical fluid extraction of rare earth elements from luminescent material in waste fluorescent lamps[J]. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2005, 33(3):235-241.
[13] POROB D G, SRIVASTAVA A M, NAMMALWAR P K, et al. Rare earth recovery from fluorescent material and associated method:US20100710601[P]. 2012-03-20.
[14] TAKAHASHI T, TAKANO A, SAITO T M, et al. Synthesis of red phosphor(Y2O3:Eu3+)from waste phosphor sludge by coprecipitation process[J]. Journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan, 2002, 118(5/6):413-418.
[15] SONG G H, YUAN W Y, ZHU X F, et al. Improvement in rare earth element recovery from waste trichromatic phosphors by mechanical activation[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 151:361-370.
[16]朱炳辰.化学反应工程[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2006.
[17] WU Y F, WANG B L, ZHANG Q J, et al. A novel process for high efficiency recovery of rare earth metals from waste phosphors using a sodium peroxide system[J]. RSC Advances, 2014, 4(16):7927-7932.
[18]刘俊吉.物理化学[M]. 5版.北京:高等教育出版社, 2013.
[19]苑文仪,李金惠,张承龙,等.机械活化对CRT锥玻璃浸出动力学的影响[J].环境工程学报, 2004, 8(8):3390-3394.
[20]佟志芳,毕诗文,李慧莉,等.高炉铝酸钙炉渣浸出过程动力学[J].过程工程学报, 2005, 5(4):399-402.
[21] BABA A A, IBRAHIM A S, BALE R B, et al. Purification of a nigerian talc ore by acid leaching[J]. Applied Clay Science,2015, 114:476-483.
[22] U?AR G. Kinetics of sphalerite dissolution by sodium chlorate in hydrochloric acid[J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2009, 95(1/2):39-43.
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