新疆地区电厂脱硫石膏增强的水泥基污泥固化剂的制备及性能分析
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摘要
利用水泥基和电厂废弃脱硫石膏研制适用于新疆地区经济高效污泥固化剂,采用单因素多水平和响应面分析的方法研究硅酸盐水泥、脱硫石膏、粉煤灰、过硫酸钾(KPS)的掺比和固化时间对污泥固化体无侧限抗压强度的影响,运用Design-expert优化污泥固化体的无侧限抗压强度,并利用扫描电镜分析污泥固化体的微观结构。实验表明:水泥基和电厂废弃的脱硫石膏能够有效改善污泥固化体的抗压强度;当工程应用中,需要抗压强度最佳时的掺比为m(污泥)∶m(水泥)∶m(脱硫石膏)∶m(粉煤灰)∶m(KPS)=100∶3∶1∶1∶0. 5、固化时间为3 d;而需要经济最优时的掺比为m(污泥)∶m(水泥)∶m(脱硫石膏)=100∶1∶1、固化时间为7 d,处理每吨污泥的药剂成本为5～6元。
In this paper,the cement-base and desulfurization gypsum discarded by power plants were used to develop sludge solidification agents suitable in Xinjiang,China. The effect of Portland cement,desulfurization gypsum,fly ash,potassium persulfate and curing time on unconfined compressive strength of solidified sludge were analyzed by means of single factor multi-level and response surface. The unconfined compressive strength of solidified sludge was optimized by means of Designexpert,and the microstructure of the solidified sludge was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope. The experiment results showed that cement-base and desulfurization gypsum discarded by power plants could effectively improve unconfined compressive strength of the solidified sludge. When compressive strength was concentrated in real application,the mass ratio was sludge ∶ cement ∶ desulfurization gypsum ∶ fly ash ∶ potassium persulfate = 100 ∶ 3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 0. 5,and the curing time was 3 d;when economic benefit was focused,the mass ratio was sludge ∶ cement ∶ desulfurization gypsum = 100 ∶ 1 ∶ 1,and the curing time was 7 d,then the cost for reagents for per ton sludge was RMB 5 ～ 6.
In this paper,the cement-base and desulfurization gypsum discarded by power plants were used to develop sludge solidification agents suitable in Xinjiang,China. The effect of Portland cement,desulfurization gypsum,fly ash,potassium persulfate and curing time on unconfined compressive strength of solidified sludge were analyzed by means of single factor multi-level and response surface. The unconfined compressive strength of solidified sludge was optimized by means of Designexpert,and the microstructure of the solidified sludge was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope. The experiment results showed that cement-base and desulfurization gypsum discarded by power plants could effectively improve unconfined compressive strength of the solidified sludge. When compressive strength was concentrated in real application,the mass ratio was sludge ∶ cement ∶ desulfurization gypsum ∶ fly ash ∶ potassium persulfate = 100 ∶ 3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 0. 5,and the curing time was 3 d;when economic benefit was focused,the mass ratio was sludge ∶ cement ∶ desulfurization gypsum = 100 ∶ 1 ∶ 1,and the curing time was 7 d,then the cost for reagents for per ton sludge was RMB 5 ～ 6.
引文
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[15]孔祥明,卢子臣,张朝阳.水泥水化机理及聚合物外加剂对水泥水化影响的研究进展[J].硅酸盐学报,2017,45(2):274-281.
[16] Karen L Scrivener, Patrick Juilland, Paulo J M Monteiro.Advances in understanding hydration of portland cement[J].Cement&Concrete Research,2015,78:38-56.
[17]姜宏,陈宜虎.水灰比过大和过小对混凝土性能的影响[J].中国水运:学术版,2007,7(10):134-135.
[18]林芳辉,彭家惠,丛钢,等.脱硫石膏粉煤灰胶结材水化硬化机理及耐水性研究[J].硅酸盐学报,1995(2):219-223.
[19] Zhen G Y,Lu X Q,Li Y Y,et al. Novel insights into enhanced dewaterability of waste activated sludge by Fe(Ⅱ)-activated persulfate oxidation[J]. Bioresource Technology,2012,119(9):7-14.
[20]张华.污泥改性及其在填埋场中的稳定化过程研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[21]中国国家标准化管理委员会中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.城镇污水处理厂污泥处置混合填埋用泥质:GB/T 23485—2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[22]金艳,宋繁永,朱南文,等.不同固化剂对城市污水处理厂污泥固化效果的研究[J].环境污染与防治,2011,33(2):74-78.
[2]陈伟,钱觉时,刘军,等.污水污泥页岩烧结制品的重金属固化与水环境浸出稳定性[J].硅酸盐学报,2012,40(10):1420-1426.
[3]梁冰,胡学涛,陈亿军.垃圾焚烧底渣协同固化市政污泥的工程特性[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(11):6705-6710.
[4]胡学涛,梁冰,陈亿军,等.不同粒径垃圾焚烧底渣对固化市政污泥工程特性的影响[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(11):5567-5572.
[5]邹升升,田伟,王增长,等.污水处理厂脱水污泥固化试验研究[J].能源与节能,2011,(1):79-81.
[6]李磊,朱伟,林城.骨架构建法进行污泥固化处理的试验研究[J].中国给水排水,2005,21(6):41-43.
[7]朱伟,林城,李磊,等.以膨润土为辅助添加剂固化/稳定化污泥的试验研究[J].环境科学,2007,28(5):1020-1025.
[8]张银君,陆正杰,韦汉龙.普通土与水泥对城市污泥固化处理的影响[J].科技风,2015(19):33.
[9]孙青林,李易,周炯,等.城镇污水厂污泥快速固化剂研究[J].中国给水排水,2016(21):23-27.
[10]天津城建大学.污泥固化剂及其应用、污泥固化土:106277663A[P]. 2017-01-04.
[11] Liu B,Zhen S L,Liu Z Y,et al. Curing agent for curing and stabilizing municipal dewatered sludge and preparation method and application of curing agent:105174686A[P]. 2015-12-23.
[12]湖北加德科技股份有限公司.一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂及其应用:103387371A[P]. 2013-11-13.
[13]戴睿,张恒,徐伟,等.城市污泥固化试验研究[J].砖瓦,2015(9):11-13.
[14]常方强,涂帆,罗才松.污水处理厂污泥固化及影响因素的试验研究[J].福建工程学院学报,2010,8(3):258-261.
[15]孔祥明,卢子臣,张朝阳.水泥水化机理及聚合物外加剂对水泥水化影响的研究进展[J].硅酸盐学报,2017,45(2):274-281.
[16] Karen L Scrivener, Patrick Juilland, Paulo J M Monteiro.Advances in understanding hydration of portland cement[J].Cement&Concrete Research,2015,78:38-56.
[17]姜宏,陈宜虎.水灰比过大和过小对混凝土性能的影响[J].中国水运:学术版,2007,7(10):134-135.
[18]林芳辉,彭家惠,丛钢,等.脱硫石膏粉煤灰胶结材水化硬化机理及耐水性研究[J].硅酸盐学报,1995(2):219-223.
[19] Zhen G Y,Lu X Q,Li Y Y,et al. Novel insights into enhanced dewaterability of waste activated sludge by Fe(Ⅱ)-activated persulfate oxidation[J]. Bioresource Technology,2012,119(9):7-14.
[20]张华.污泥改性及其在填埋场中的稳定化过程研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[21]中国国家标准化管理委员会中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.城镇污水处理厂污泥处置混合填埋用泥质:GB/T 23485—2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[22]金艳,宋繁永,朱南文,等.不同固化剂对城市污水处理厂污泥固化效果的研究[J].环境污染与防治,2011,33(2):74-78.
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