有机磷酸酯在成都市市/郊区剖面土壤及农作物中的分布及迁移
|
摘要
采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪定量分析了成都市区/郊区土壤和农作物中7种典型有机磷酸酯(OPEs)的浓度及分布.成都市市/郊区采土壤中Σ7OPEs的浓度范围为91.24—544.97 ng·g~(-1),郊区比市区OPEs污染严重.磷酸三丁酯(TnBP)、磷酸三丁氧乙酯(TBEP)和磷酸三异辛酯(TEHP)含量较高,而磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯(TDCPP)和磷酸三苯酯(TPhP)均未检出.OPEs在剖面土壤中存在纵向迁移,且迁移程度有差异.蚕豆易富集磷酸三氯丙酯(TCPP),芹菜对TBEP和TEHP的富集程度相对较高,牛皮菜易富集TEHP.
Concentrations and distribution characteristics of seven typical organophosphates esters(OPEs) in soils and crops from the urban/suburban areas of Chengdu were quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS. The concentrations of Σ7 OPEs in the urban/suburban areas in Chengdu ranged from 91.24 to 544.97 ng·g~(-1), and the pollution level of OPEs in the suburban area was more serious than in the urban area. Tri-n-butyl phosphate(TnBP), tributoxyethyl phosphate(TBEP) and tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate(TEHP) were detected with higher concentrations in any samples, while tridichloropropyl phosphate(TDCPP) and triphenyl Phosphate(TPhP) were not detected in all samples. The longitudinal migration profile of OPEs in the soil was observed, which showed significant migration difference. Trichloropropyl phosphate(TCPP) was accumulated more by broad bean, while celery accumulated more TBEP and TEHP, chard easily accumulated TEHP.
Concentrations and distribution characteristics of seven typical organophosphates esters(OPEs) in soils and crops from the urban/suburban areas of Chengdu were quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS. The concentrations of Σ7 OPEs in the urban/suburban areas in Chengdu ranged from 91.24 to 544.97 ng·g~(-1), and the pollution level of OPEs in the suburban area was more serious than in the urban area. Tri-n-butyl phosphate(TnBP), tributoxyethyl phosphate(TBEP) and tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate(TEHP) were detected with higher concentrations in any samples, while tridichloropropyl phosphate(TDCPP) and triphenyl Phosphate(TPhP) were not detected in all samples. The longitudinal migration profile of OPEs in the soil was observed, which showed significant migration difference. Trichloropropyl phosphate(TCPP) was accumulated more by broad bean, while celery accumulated more TBEP and TEHP, chard easily accumulated TEHP.
引文
[1] 曾光明,刘敏茹,陈耀宁,等. 土壤中多溴联苯醚研究进展[J]. 土壤学报, 2014, 51(5): 934-943.ZENG G M, LIU M R, CHEN Y N, et al. Advancement in research on polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) in soil[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2014, 51(5): 934-943(in Chinese).
[2] 胡晓辉,仇雁翎,朱志良,等. 环境中有机磷酸酯阻燃剂分析方法的研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2014, 33(12):2076-2086.HU X H, CHOU Y L, ZHU Z L, et al. Research progress on analytical methods of organophosphate ester flame retardants in the environment[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2014, 33(12):2076-2086(in Chinese).
[3] 高立红,厉文辉,史亚利,等. 有机磷酸酯阻燃剂分析方法及其污染现状研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2014, 33(10): 1750-1761.GAO L H, LI W H, SHI Y L, et al. Analytical methods and pollution status of organophosphate flame retardants[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2014, 33(10): 1750-1761(in Chinese).
[4] 李超楠,赵飞,李丽,等. 典型有机磷酸酯(TCEP/TDCPP)阻燃剂对神经元细胞的毒性作用及其机制研究[C].中国毒理学会湖北科技论坛,2015LI C N, ZHAO F, LI L, et al. Study on the toxic effect of typical organic phosphate (TCEP/TDCPP) flame retardant on neuronal cells and its mechanism[C]. Chinese Society of Toxicology. Hubei Science and Technology Forum. 2015(in Chinese).
[5] 杜宇欣. 居室尘埃中有机磷阻燃剂含量与男性体内激素水平及精液质量的关系[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 2010, 27(3): 229.DU Y X. The relationship between the content of organic phosphorus flame retardant in house dust and the hormone level and semen quality in male[J]. Environment Health, 2010, 27(3): 229(in Chinese).
[6] GAO L, SHI Y, LI W, et al. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate triesters and diesters in sludge from sewage treatment plants of Beijing, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 544: 143-149.
[7] LUO P, Bao L J, GUO Y, et al. Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016, 301: 504-511.
[8] MIHAJLOVI I, FRIES E. Atmospheric deposition of chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants (OFR) onto soils[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012, 56: 177-183.
[9] 何明靖,杨婷,杨志豪,等.有机磷酸酯在三峡库区土壤中污染特征[J].环境科学,2017,38(12):5256-5261.HE M J, YANG T, YANG Z H, et al. Occurrence of organophosphate esters in soils of the three Gorges reservoir[J]. Environmental Science, 2017,38(12):5256-5261(in Chinese).
[10] WAN W, HUANG H, LV J, et al. Uptake, tanslocation, and botransformation of oganophosphorus esters in weat (Triticum aestivum L.) [J]. Environmental Science & Technolog, 2017, 51 (23): 13649-13658.
[11] 印红玲,李世平,叶芝祥,等. 成都市大气PM2.5中有机磷阻燃剂的污染水平及来源[J]. 环境科学, 2015, 36(10): 3566-3572.YIN H L, LI S P, YE Z X, et al. Pollution level and sources of organic phosphorus esters in airborne PM2.5 in Chengdu City[J]. Environmental Science, 2015, 36(10): 3566-3572(in Chinese).
[12] WEI G L, LI D Q, ZHUO M N, et al. Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers: Sources, occurrence, toxicity and human exposure[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2015, 196:29-46.
[13] 印红玲, 李世平, 叶芝祥,等. 成都市土壤中有机磷阻燃剂的污染特征及来源分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36(2):606-613.YIN H L, LI S P, YE Z X, et al. Pollution characteristics and sources of OPEs in the soil of Chengdu City[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016, 36(2):606-613(in Chinese).
[14] 温家欣. 有机磷酸酯阻燃剂的分离分析技术及其应用研究[D]. 广州:中山大学, 2010.WEN J X. Study and application of separation and analysis of organophosphorus triesters[D]. Guangzhhou:Sun Yat-Sen University,2010(in Chinese).
[15] CUI K Y, WEN J X, ZENG F, et al. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate esters in urban soils of the subtropical city Guangzhou,China[J]. Chemosphere,2017,175: 514-520.
[16] 董媛. 典型区域土壤与大气中有机磷酸酯阻燃剂污染现状研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2015.DONG Y. Pollution of organophosphate esters in soil and atmosphere in the typical regions[D]. Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2015(in Chinese).
[17] 高立红.北京市城市环境有机磷酸酯污染水平和分布特征研究[D]. 北京: 北京科技大学, 2016.GAO L H. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate esters in the urban area of Beijing[D]. Beijing: University of Science & Technology Beijing,2016(in Chinese).
[18] WAN W N, ZHANG S Z, HUANG H L, et al. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphorus esters in soils and wheat plants in a plastic waste treatment area in China[J]. Environmental Pollution,2016,214: 349-353.
[19] 陈颖, 王春霞, 王子健. 污水灌溉土壤中持久性有机污染物的积累及生态效应[C]. 全国环境模拟与污染控制学术研讨会, 2003.CHEN Y, WANG C X, WANG Z J. Accumulation and ecological effects of persistent organic pollutants in wastewater irrigation soil[C]. National Academic Seminar on Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, 2003(in Chinese).
[20] 李云桂. 典型有机污染物在植物角质层上的吸附行为与跨膜过程[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2011.LI Y G. Sorption behavior and penetration process of typical organic pollutants onto plant cuticles[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2011(in Chinese).
[21] PRIMER D A, DIAMOND M L. Application of the multimedia urban model to compare the fate of SOCs in an urban and forested watershed[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002, 36(5): 1004-1013.
[22] BESTER K. Comparison of TCPP concentrations in sludge and wastewater in a typical German sewage treatment plant-comparison of sewage sludge from 20 plants[J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring Jem, 2005, 7(5):509-513.
[23] ZENG X, LIU Z, HE L, et al. The occurrence and removal of organophosphate ester flame retardants/plasticizers in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Environmental Letters, 2015, 50(12):1291-1297.
[24] ZENG X Y, HE L X, CAO S X, et al. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate flame retardants/plasticizers in wastewater treatment plant sludges from the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2014. 33(8): 1720-1725.
[2] 胡晓辉,仇雁翎,朱志良,等. 环境中有机磷酸酯阻燃剂分析方法的研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2014, 33(12):2076-2086.HU X H, CHOU Y L, ZHU Z L, et al. Research progress on analytical methods of organophosphate ester flame retardants in the environment[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2014, 33(12):2076-2086(in Chinese).
[3] 高立红,厉文辉,史亚利,等. 有机磷酸酯阻燃剂分析方法及其污染现状研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2014, 33(10): 1750-1761.GAO L H, LI W H, SHI Y L, et al. Analytical methods and pollution status of organophosphate flame retardants[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2014, 33(10): 1750-1761(in Chinese).
[4] 李超楠,赵飞,李丽,等. 典型有机磷酸酯(TCEP/TDCPP)阻燃剂对神经元细胞的毒性作用及其机制研究[C].中国毒理学会湖北科技论坛,2015LI C N, ZHAO F, LI L, et al. Study on the toxic effect of typical organic phosphate (TCEP/TDCPP) flame retardant on neuronal cells and its mechanism[C]. Chinese Society of Toxicology. Hubei Science and Technology Forum. 2015(in Chinese).
[5] 杜宇欣. 居室尘埃中有机磷阻燃剂含量与男性体内激素水平及精液质量的关系[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 2010, 27(3): 229.DU Y X. The relationship between the content of organic phosphorus flame retardant in house dust and the hormone level and semen quality in male[J]. Environment Health, 2010, 27(3): 229(in Chinese).
[6] GAO L, SHI Y, LI W, et al. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate triesters and diesters in sludge from sewage treatment plants of Beijing, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 544: 143-149.
[7] LUO P, Bao L J, GUO Y, et al. Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016, 301: 504-511.
[8] MIHAJLOVI I, FRIES E. Atmospheric deposition of chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants (OFR) onto soils[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012, 56: 177-183.
[9] 何明靖,杨婷,杨志豪,等.有机磷酸酯在三峡库区土壤中污染特征[J].环境科学,2017,38(12):5256-5261.HE M J, YANG T, YANG Z H, et al. Occurrence of organophosphate esters in soils of the three Gorges reservoir[J]. Environmental Science, 2017,38(12):5256-5261(in Chinese).
[10] WAN W, HUANG H, LV J, et al. Uptake, tanslocation, and botransformation of oganophosphorus esters in weat (Triticum aestivum L.) [J]. Environmental Science & Technolog, 2017, 51 (23): 13649-13658.
[11] 印红玲,李世平,叶芝祥,等. 成都市大气PM2.5中有机磷阻燃剂的污染水平及来源[J]. 环境科学, 2015, 36(10): 3566-3572.YIN H L, LI S P, YE Z X, et al. Pollution level and sources of organic phosphorus esters in airborne PM2.5 in Chengdu City[J]. Environmental Science, 2015, 36(10): 3566-3572(in Chinese).
[12] WEI G L, LI D Q, ZHUO M N, et al. Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers: Sources, occurrence, toxicity and human exposure[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2015, 196:29-46.
[13] 印红玲, 李世平, 叶芝祥,等. 成都市土壤中有机磷阻燃剂的污染特征及来源分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36(2):606-613.YIN H L, LI S P, YE Z X, et al. Pollution characteristics and sources of OPEs in the soil of Chengdu City[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016, 36(2):606-613(in Chinese).
[14] 温家欣. 有机磷酸酯阻燃剂的分离分析技术及其应用研究[D]. 广州:中山大学, 2010.WEN J X. Study and application of separation and analysis of organophosphorus triesters[D]. Guangzhhou:Sun Yat-Sen University,2010(in Chinese).
[15] CUI K Y, WEN J X, ZENG F, et al. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate esters in urban soils of the subtropical city Guangzhou,China[J]. Chemosphere,2017,175: 514-520.
[16] 董媛. 典型区域土壤与大气中有机磷酸酯阻燃剂污染现状研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2015.DONG Y. Pollution of organophosphate esters in soil and atmosphere in the typical regions[D]. Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2015(in Chinese).
[17] 高立红.北京市城市环境有机磷酸酯污染水平和分布特征研究[D]. 北京: 北京科技大学, 2016.GAO L H. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate esters in the urban area of Beijing[D]. Beijing: University of Science & Technology Beijing,2016(in Chinese).
[18] WAN W N, ZHANG S Z, HUANG H L, et al. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphorus esters in soils and wheat plants in a plastic waste treatment area in China[J]. Environmental Pollution,2016,214: 349-353.
[19] 陈颖, 王春霞, 王子健. 污水灌溉土壤中持久性有机污染物的积累及生态效应[C]. 全国环境模拟与污染控制学术研讨会, 2003.CHEN Y, WANG C X, WANG Z J. Accumulation and ecological effects of persistent organic pollutants in wastewater irrigation soil[C]. National Academic Seminar on Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, 2003(in Chinese).
[20] 李云桂. 典型有机污染物在植物角质层上的吸附行为与跨膜过程[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2011.LI Y G. Sorption behavior and penetration process of typical organic pollutants onto plant cuticles[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2011(in Chinese).
[21] PRIMER D A, DIAMOND M L. Application of the multimedia urban model to compare the fate of SOCs in an urban and forested watershed[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002, 36(5): 1004-1013.
[22] BESTER K. Comparison of TCPP concentrations in sludge and wastewater in a typical German sewage treatment plant-comparison of sewage sludge from 20 plants[J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring Jem, 2005, 7(5):509-513.
[23] ZENG X, LIU Z, HE L, et al. The occurrence and removal of organophosphate ester flame retardants/plasticizers in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Environmental Letters, 2015, 50(12):1291-1297.
[24] ZENG X Y, HE L X, CAO S X, et al. Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate flame retardants/plasticizers in wastewater treatment plant sludges from the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2014. 33(8): 1720-1725.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |