四种典型重金属污染对土壤吸附磷的影响
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摘要
以空白土壤和人工制备的不同浓度铜、砷、镉和铅污染土壤为对象,研究了在不同pH值、温度和柠檬酸浓度条件下重金属污染对土壤吸附磷的影响,并对其进行了相关过程的等温和吸附动力学的机理分析。研究结果表明,空白土壤和As污染土壤吸附磷的等温吸附过程符合Temkin方程,Cu、Pb、Cd污染土壤吸附磷的等温吸附过程符合Freundlich方程,空白土壤和重金属污染土壤吸附磷的动力学过程均符合Elovich方程;重金属污染对土壤吸附磷有一定的抑制作用,抑制程度与污染物浓度呈现显著的正相关,且随外在环境因子的改变而不同。当重金属元素铜、铅、砷、镉的含量分别为200、80、25、0.8 mg kg-1时:pH值为5时,重金属对土壤吸附磷抑制作用最小,土壤吸附磷量分别降低了30.18%、13.54%、30.74%、37.23%,其抑制作用程度为:Cd> As> Cu> Pb;土壤吸附磷量与温度呈现显著的正相关,温度变化为25～45℃时,土壤对磷的吸附量分别增大了17.14%～28.83%、6.72%～16.05%、8.68%～9.13%、10.30%～23.45%,同一条件下重金属对土壤吸附磷抑制作用程度为Cu> Cd> As> Pb;重金属污染土壤吸附磷量与柠檬酸浓度成负相关,柠檬酸浓度为50 mg L-1时,土壤吸附磷量分别降低了19.87%、21.94%、23.18%、24.84%,相同柠檬酸浓度下其抑制作用程度为Cd> As> Pb> Cu。
The effects of heavy metal pollution on soil phosphorus(P) adsorption were studied under different pH values, temperatures and citric acid concentrations by artificially preparing copper(Cu), arsenic(As), cadmium(Ca)and lead(Pb) contaminated soils. Then the mechanisms of isothermal and adsorption kinetics were analyzed. The results showed that the isotherm adsorption process of P in the control soil and As contaminated soil was better fitting with the Temkin equation, while that in Cu, Pb and Cd contaminated soils was according with the Freundlich equation.The kinetics of P adsorption in both blank soil and heavy metal contaminated soils was all better described with the Elovich equation. The heavy metal pollution certainly inhibited the soil P adsorption, and the degree of inhibition was significantly positively correlated with the concentration of pollutants and varied among the external environmental factors. Under the concentrations of Cu, Pb, As and Cd of 200, 80, 25 and 0.8 mg kg-1, respectively and pH value of5, their inhibitory effects on soil P adsorption were the smallest, the amount of P adsorption by soil was reduced by30.18%, 13.54%, 30.74%, 37.23%, respectively, and the degree of inhibition was in the order of Cd > As > Cu > Pb.P adsorption by soil was significantly positive correlated with temperature. Under the temperature at 25 ～ 45℃, the amount of P adsorption by soil increased by 17.14%-28.83%, 6.72%-16.05%, 8.68%-9.13%, 10.30%-23.45%in the Cu, Pb, As and Cd contaminated soils, respectively, and the degree of inhibition was Cu > Cd > As > Pb. The amount of P adsorption by soil was negatively correlated with the concentration of citric acid. Under the concentration of citrate of 50 mg L-1, the amount of P adsorption by soil was decreased by 19.87%, 21.94%, 23.18%, 24.84% in the Cu, Pb, As and Cd contaminated soils, respectively, with degree of inhibition as Cd > As > Pb > Cu.
The effects of heavy metal pollution on soil phosphorus(P) adsorption were studied under different pH values, temperatures and citric acid concentrations by artificially preparing copper(Cu), arsenic(As), cadmium(Ca)and lead(Pb) contaminated soils. Then the mechanisms of isothermal and adsorption kinetics were analyzed. The results showed that the isotherm adsorption process of P in the control soil and As contaminated soil was better fitting with the Temkin equation, while that in Cu, Pb and Cd contaminated soils was according with the Freundlich equation.The kinetics of P adsorption in both blank soil and heavy metal contaminated soils was all better described with the Elovich equation. The heavy metal pollution certainly inhibited the soil P adsorption, and the degree of inhibition was significantly positively correlated with the concentration of pollutants and varied among the external environmental factors. Under the concentrations of Cu, Pb, As and Cd of 200, 80, 25 and 0.8 mg kg-1, respectively and pH value of5, their inhibitory effects on soil P adsorption were the smallest, the amount of P adsorption by soil was reduced by30.18%, 13.54%, 30.74%, 37.23%, respectively, and the degree of inhibition was in the order of Cd > As > Cu > Pb.P adsorption by soil was significantly positive correlated with temperature. Under the temperature at 25 ～ 45℃, the amount of P adsorption by soil increased by 17.14%-28.83%, 6.72%-16.05%, 8.68%-9.13%, 10.30%-23.45%in the Cu, Pb, As and Cd contaminated soils, respectively, and the degree of inhibition was Cu > Cd > As > Pb. The amount of P adsorption by soil was negatively correlated with the concentration of citric acid. Under the concentration of citrate of 50 mg L-1, the amount of P adsorption by soil was decreased by 19.87%, 21.94%, 23.18%, 24.84% in the Cu, Pb, As and Cd contaminated soils, respectively, with degree of inhibition as Cd > As > Pb > Cu.
引文
[1]樊霆,叶文玲,陈海燕,等.农田土壤重金属污染状况及修复技术研究.生态环境学报, 2013, 22(10):1727-1736.
[2]李士杏,骆永明,章海波,等.不同性质铁铝土对砷酸根吸附特性的比较研究[J].土壤学报, 2012, 49(3):474-480.
[3]周娟娟,高超,李忠佩,等.磷对土壤As(V)固定与活化的影响[J].土壤学报, 2006, 37(6):645-648.
[4]王飞,黄应平,郭强,等.铅磷对栀子花幼苗生长的影响及磷积累特性研究[J].广东农业科学, 2013,(2):50-53.
[5] O. SONMEZG. M. PIERZYNSKI. Phosphorus and Manganese Oxides Effects on Soil Lead Bioaccessibility:PBET and TCLP[J]. Water, Air,and Soil Pollution. 2005, 166(1-4):3-16.
[6] YUAN LIANG, XINDE CAO, LING ZHAO. Biochar-and phosphate-induced immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soil and water:implication on simultaneous remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2014, 21(6):4665-4674.
[7]徐祥英.土壤-植物系统中镉磷交互作用研究[D].重庆:西南农业大学, 2001.
[8] SUNG UN KIM, VANCE N. OWENS, YONG GYUN KIM, et al. Effe ct of phosphate addition on Cadmium precipitation and adsorpti on in contaminated arable soil with a low concentration of Cadmium[J]. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 2015, 95:675-679.
[9]李红英.铜与氮、磷、钾配施对冬小青产量和营养品质影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学, 2006.
[10] QAFOKU N P, KUKIERU, SUMNER M E, et al. Arsenate displacement from fly ash in amended soils[J]. Water Soil Pollut,1999, 114(12):185-198.
[11]罗敏.黄土高原土壤对磷素的吸附-解吸特征及其影响因素研究[D].陕西:西北农林科技大学, 2008.
[12]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第3版)[M].北京:农业出版社, 2000.
[13]邵兴华,张建忠,洪森荣,等.土壤中影响磷吸附因素研究进展[J].安徽农业科技, 2011, 35(12):3610-3611.
[14]夏丽.氟、磷在川西山地黄土壤中的吸附-解吸特征研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学, 2010.
[15]陶春军,周涛发,李湘凌,等.施磷对土壤中汞、铅吸附特性的影响[J].物探与化探, 2010, 34(5):655-658.
[16]杨志敏,郑绍建,等.磷对小麦细胞镉、锌营养及交互作用的研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 1995, 5(2):150-155.
[17]杨四坤,祖艳群,李元,等.丘北辣椒种植区土壤中砷和磷含量及其相互关系[J].农业环境科学学报, 2010, 29:84-88.
[18]范稚莲,雷梅,陈同斌,等.砷对土壤-蜈蚣草系统中磷生物有效性的影响[J].生态学学报, 2006, 26(2):536-541.
[19] SMITH E, NAIDU R, ALSTON A M. Chemistry of inorganic arsenic in soils II. Effect of phosphorus, sodium, and calcium on arsenic sorption[J]. Environ. Qual. 2002,(31):557-563.
[20]雷梅,陈同斌,范稚莲,等.磷对土壤中砷吸附的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2003, 14(11):1989-1992.
[21]付海曼,贾黎明.土壤对氮、磷吸附-解吸附特性研究进展[J].中国农学通报, 2009, 25(21):198-203.
[22]王骏.城市河岸带土壤的迁移转化行为及其机制[D].上海:华东师范大学, 2013.
[23]张岩,崔丽娟,赵欣胜.湿地沉积物对磷的吸附-解吸动力学模型概述[J].生态学杂志, 2011, 30(10):2359-2364.
[24] REDAY K, O'CONNOR G, GALE P. Phosphorus sorption capacities of wetland soils and stream sediments impacted by dairy effluent[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1998,(27):438-447.
[25]廖敏,谢正苗,黄昌勇.镉在红壤中的吸附特征[J].浙江农业大学学报, 1998, 24(2):199-202.
[26]席冬梅,邓卫东,毛华明,等.土壤理化性质对土壤-饲用植物系统铜、锰和锌含量的影响[J].贵州农业科学, 2005, 33(5):41-42.
[27]张景光.土壤对磷的吸附与解吸的研究[D].吉林:吉林大学, 2013.
[28]胡红青,李妍,贺纪正.土壤有机酸与磷素相互作用的研究[J].土壤通报, 2004, 35(2):222-229.
[29]李有田,庞荣丽,介晓磊,等.低分子量有机酸对石灰性潮土磷吸附与解吸影响[J].河南农业大学学报, 2002, 36(2):133-137.
[30]胡红青.有机酸影响酸性土壤与铝氧化物表面磷吸附-解吸的条件和机理[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 1997.
[31]胡红青,廖丽霞,王兴林.低分子量有机酸对红壤无机态磷转化及酸度的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2002, 13(7):867-870.
[32]莫建军.低分子量有机酸对可变电荷土壤吸附铅的影响[J].丽水学院学报, 2016, 38(5):37-41.
[33]胡红青,刘华良,贺纪正. N种有机酸对恒电荷和可变电荷土壤吸附Cu2+的影响[J].土壤学报, 2005, 42(2):232-237.
[34]廖丽霞.有机酸对土壤表面电荷性质及Cd2+次级吸附的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2001.
[2]李士杏,骆永明,章海波,等.不同性质铁铝土对砷酸根吸附特性的比较研究[J].土壤学报, 2012, 49(3):474-480.
[3]周娟娟,高超,李忠佩,等.磷对土壤As(V)固定与活化的影响[J].土壤学报, 2006, 37(6):645-648.
[4]王飞,黄应平,郭强,等.铅磷对栀子花幼苗生长的影响及磷积累特性研究[J].广东农业科学, 2013,(2):50-53.
[5] O. SONMEZG. M. PIERZYNSKI. Phosphorus and Manganese Oxides Effects on Soil Lead Bioaccessibility:PBET and TCLP[J]. Water, Air,and Soil Pollution. 2005, 166(1-4):3-16.
[6] YUAN LIANG, XINDE CAO, LING ZHAO. Biochar-and phosphate-induced immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soil and water:implication on simultaneous remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2014, 21(6):4665-4674.
[7]徐祥英.土壤-植物系统中镉磷交互作用研究[D].重庆:西南农业大学, 2001.
[8] SUNG UN KIM, VANCE N. OWENS, YONG GYUN KIM, et al. Effe ct of phosphate addition on Cadmium precipitation and adsorpti on in contaminated arable soil with a low concentration of Cadmium[J]. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 2015, 95:675-679.
[9]李红英.铜与氮、磷、钾配施对冬小青产量和营养品质影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学, 2006.
[10] QAFOKU N P, KUKIERU, SUMNER M E, et al. Arsenate displacement from fly ash in amended soils[J]. Water Soil Pollut,1999, 114(12):185-198.
[11]罗敏.黄土高原土壤对磷素的吸附-解吸特征及其影响因素研究[D].陕西:西北农林科技大学, 2008.
[12]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第3版)[M].北京:农业出版社, 2000.
[13]邵兴华,张建忠,洪森荣,等.土壤中影响磷吸附因素研究进展[J].安徽农业科技, 2011, 35(12):3610-3611.
[14]夏丽.氟、磷在川西山地黄土壤中的吸附-解吸特征研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学, 2010.
[15]陶春军,周涛发,李湘凌,等.施磷对土壤中汞、铅吸附特性的影响[J].物探与化探, 2010, 34(5):655-658.
[16]杨志敏,郑绍建,等.磷对小麦细胞镉、锌营养及交互作用的研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 1995, 5(2):150-155.
[17]杨四坤,祖艳群,李元,等.丘北辣椒种植区土壤中砷和磷含量及其相互关系[J].农业环境科学学报, 2010, 29:84-88.
[18]范稚莲,雷梅,陈同斌,等.砷对土壤-蜈蚣草系统中磷生物有效性的影响[J].生态学学报, 2006, 26(2):536-541.
[19] SMITH E, NAIDU R, ALSTON A M. Chemistry of inorganic arsenic in soils II. Effect of phosphorus, sodium, and calcium on arsenic sorption[J]. Environ. Qual. 2002,(31):557-563.
[20]雷梅,陈同斌,范稚莲,等.磷对土壤中砷吸附的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2003, 14(11):1989-1992.
[21]付海曼,贾黎明.土壤对氮、磷吸附-解吸附特性研究进展[J].中国农学通报, 2009, 25(21):198-203.
[22]王骏.城市河岸带土壤的迁移转化行为及其机制[D].上海:华东师范大学, 2013.
[23]张岩,崔丽娟,赵欣胜.湿地沉积物对磷的吸附-解吸动力学模型概述[J].生态学杂志, 2011, 30(10):2359-2364.
[24] REDAY K, O'CONNOR G, GALE P. Phosphorus sorption capacities of wetland soils and stream sediments impacted by dairy effluent[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1998,(27):438-447.
[25]廖敏,谢正苗,黄昌勇.镉在红壤中的吸附特征[J].浙江农业大学学报, 1998, 24(2):199-202.
[26]席冬梅,邓卫东,毛华明,等.土壤理化性质对土壤-饲用植物系统铜、锰和锌含量的影响[J].贵州农业科学, 2005, 33(5):41-42.
[27]张景光.土壤对磷的吸附与解吸的研究[D].吉林:吉林大学, 2013.
[28]胡红青,李妍,贺纪正.土壤有机酸与磷素相互作用的研究[J].土壤通报, 2004, 35(2):222-229.
[29]李有田,庞荣丽,介晓磊,等.低分子量有机酸对石灰性潮土磷吸附与解吸影响[J].河南农业大学学报, 2002, 36(2):133-137.
[30]胡红青.有机酸影响酸性土壤与铝氧化物表面磷吸附-解吸的条件和机理[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 1997.
[31]胡红青,廖丽霞,王兴林.低分子量有机酸对红壤无机态磷转化及酸度的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2002, 13(7):867-870.
[32]莫建军.低分子量有机酸对可变电荷土壤吸附铅的影响[J].丽水学院学报, 2016, 38(5):37-41.
[33]胡红青,刘华良,贺纪正. N种有机酸对恒电荷和可变电荷土壤吸附Cu2+的影响[J].土壤学报, 2005, 42(2):232-237.
[34]廖丽霞.有机酸对土壤表面电荷性质及Cd2+次级吸附的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2001.
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