湿电除尘器PM_(2.5)现场实测与特征变化研究
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摘要
基于稀释通道原理自设固定源PM_(2. 5)稀释采集系统,应用该系统对陕西省关中地区某燃煤电厂湿式电除尘器(WESP)进出口烟气中的PM_(2. 5)、PM_(10)和颗粒物开展了现场实测,并在实验室对采集样品进行了化学源组分分析。结果表明:WESP对PM_(2. 5)、PM_(10)和颗粒物的脱除效率分别为67. 85%、43. 57%、40. 88%; WESP前后质量浓度峰值均出现在积聚模态,但由双峰(1. 764μm、0. 649μm)变成单峰(1. 764μm),峰值移至大粒径段,数浓度峰值出现在爱根核模态和积聚模态,但由多峰(0. 017μm、0. 129μm、0. 384μm、1. 764μm)变成双峰(0. 017μm、0. 073μm),峰值移至小粒径段;经WESP,PM_(2. 5)积聚模态大多粒径段颗粒物的质量浓度与数浓度均在下降,爱根核模态大多粒径段颗粒物的质量浓度与数浓度均在上升,无论是WESP前或后,PM_(2. 5)的主要质量浓度均集中在大粒径段、主要数浓度均集中在小粒径段; WESP对PM_(2. 5)中大粒径段颗粒物的去除效果要优于小粒径段颗粒物; WESP对PM_(2. 5)中全部已检出离子和大部分主要无机元素均具有去除作用,占离子总质量比重最高的SO_4~(2-)和占元素总质量比重第5位的Mg去除率均最高(64. 75%,接近100%);经WESP处理后,各检出离子的质量浓度大小排序未受任何影响(由大到小为SO_4~(2-)、Na~+、Ca~(2+)、Cl~-、NO_3~-、F~-、Mg~(2+)、NO_2~-、NH_4~+、K~+)。
The paper is aimed at conducting a field experiment of PM_(2. 5),PM_(10) and the particles in flue gas from the inlet and outlet of WESP for a coal-fired power plant in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province with a PM_(2. 5) dilution and collection system of the stationary sources( based on the dilution channel principle).At the same time,we have made an analysis of the chemical composition of the collected samples in the laboratory condition.The results of our analysis indicate that the removal rates of PM_(2. 5),PM_(10) and the particles by WESP tend to be at the percentages of 67. 85%, 43. 57% and 40. 88%, respectively.And,the peak of the mass concentration before and after the WESP happened to be in the accumulation mode,though it may change from the 2 peaks( 1. 764 μm,0. 649 μm) to one( 1. 764 μm),with their moving to the larger particles. At the same time,the peak of the number concentration tends to appear in the Aitken and accumulation mode,though they may change from multi peaks( 0. 017 μm,0. 129 μm,0. 384 μm,1. 764μm) to 2 peaks( 0. 017 μm,0. 073 μm),with the peak 1 moving to the smaller ones. At the same time,with the decrease of the mass concentration and number concentration of the fractions of the most particle size in the accumulation mode,the mass and number concentration of the size fractions of most particles in Aitken mode are also on the rise. However,the major mass volumes of PM_(2. 5) tend to be concentrated in the large particle sizes,with the majority of the particle numbers tends to be focused in the small particle sizes,either in front of WESP or at their back.The removal effect of the WESP on large particles of PM_(2. 5) tends to be faster than that of smaller ones. And,since the WESP could remove all the detected ions and most of the major inorganic elements of PM_(2. 5),the removal rates of SO_4~(2-)( the highest proportion of the total ion mass) and Mg( the 5th proportion of the total inorganic elements mass) can be promoted to the highest ratio( 64. 75% and nearly 100%). Particularly speaking,the concentration order of the detected ions may not be influenced by the WESP treatment( The order from large to small is SO_4~(2-),Na~+,Ca~(2+),Cl~-,NO_3~-,F~-,Mg~(2+),NO_2~-,NH_4~+,K~+).
The paper is aimed at conducting a field experiment of PM_(2. 5),PM_(10) and the particles in flue gas from the inlet and outlet of WESP for a coal-fired power plant in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province with a PM_(2. 5) dilution and collection system of the stationary sources( based on the dilution channel principle).At the same time,we have made an analysis of the chemical composition of the collected samples in the laboratory condition.The results of our analysis indicate that the removal rates of PM_(2. 5),PM_(10) and the particles by WESP tend to be at the percentages of 67. 85%, 43. 57% and 40. 88%, respectively.And,the peak of the mass concentration before and after the WESP happened to be in the accumulation mode,though it may change from the 2 peaks( 1. 764 μm,0. 649 μm) to one( 1. 764 μm),with their moving to the larger particles. At the same time,the peak of the number concentration tends to appear in the Aitken and accumulation mode,though they may change from multi peaks( 0. 017 μm,0. 129 μm,0. 384 μm,1. 764μm) to 2 peaks( 0. 017 μm,0. 073 μm),with the peak 1 moving to the smaller ones. At the same time,with the decrease of the mass concentration and number concentration of the fractions of the most particle size in the accumulation mode,the mass and number concentration of the size fractions of most particles in Aitken mode are also on the rise. However,the major mass volumes of PM_(2. 5) tend to be concentrated in the large particle sizes,with the majority of the particle numbers tends to be focused in the small particle sizes,either in front of WESP or at their back.The removal effect of the WESP on large particles of PM_(2. 5) tends to be faster than that of smaller ones. And,since the WESP could remove all the detected ions and most of the major inorganic elements of PM_(2. 5),the removal rates of SO_4~(2-)( the highest proportion of the total ion mass) and Mg( the 5th proportion of the total inorganic elements mass) can be promoted to the highest ratio( 64. 75% and nearly 100%). Particularly speaking,the concentration order of the detected ions may not be influenced by the WESP treatment( The order from large to small is SO_4~(2-),Na~+,Ca~(2+),Cl~-,NO_3~-,F~-,Mg~(2+),NO_2~-,NH_4~+,K~+).
引文
[1] ZHANG Dan(张丹),ZHAO Li(赵丽),CHEN Gangcai(陈刚才),et al. The particle size distribution characteristics of different combustion sources[J]. China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2015,35(11):3239-3246.
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[3] LIAO Dabing(廖大兵). The development of wet electrostatic precipitator and its application in thermal power plant(湿式电除尘器的发展及其在火电厂的应用)[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2014.
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[7] WANG Zhu(王铸). Study on the removal and formation characteristics of particulate matters of the coal-fired power plant(燃煤电厂微细颗粒物形成特性与脱除研究)[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2016.
[8] YANG Zhiyan(杨志燕). Experimental study on collection of fine particle by wet electrostatic precipitator(湿式电除尘器收集PM2. 5微细粉尘的研究)[D]. Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2014.
[9] ZHANG Lili(张丽丽). Application research on wet electrostatic precipitator in coal fired power plant[J]. Southern Energy Construction(南方能源建设),2016,3:27-30.
[10] XUE Jianming(薛建明),ZONG Ningsheng(纵宁生).Characteristics and development direction of wet electrostatic precipitator[J]. Electric Power Environmental Protection(电力环境保护),1997,13(3):40-44.
[11] CHEN Zhaomei(陈招妹),GAO Zhifeng(高志丰),LU Mingyu(吕明玉). Application of WESP in coal-fired power plants for‘ultra-clean emission’[J]. Power System Engineering(电站系统工程),2014,30(6):18-20.
[12] LIU Hanxiao(刘含笑),ZHU Shaoping(朱少平),YAO Yuping(姚宇平),et al. Experimental research on the PM2. 5in inlet and outlet flue gas using ELPI for WESP of“ultra-clean emission”power plants[J]. Electric Power(中国电力),2014,47(12):37-41.
[13] ZHANG Dianyin(张殿印),WANG Chun(王纯).Duster handbook(除尘器手册)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.
[14] WEI Juan(魏娟). Simulation and experimental studies on the flue gas distribution in inlet of wet electrostatic precipitator(湿式电除尘器进气段气流分布的模拟研究)[D]. Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2013.
[15] LI Lifeng(李立锋),YE Xinglian(叶兴联),YANG Ding(杨丁). Numerical simulation and analysis for flow of WESP system[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报), 2015, 9(10):4959-4964.
[16] DUAN Lei(段雷),MA Zizhen(马子轸),LI Zhen(李振),et al. Characteristics of water soluble inorganic ions in fine particles emitted from coal-fired power plants[J]. Environmental Science(环境科学),2015,36(3):1117-1122.
[2] NEMMAR A,HOET P H M,VANQUICKENBORNE B,et al. Passage of inhaled particles into the blood circulation in humans[J]. Circulation, 2002, 105(4):411-414.
[3] LIAO Dabing(廖大兵). The development of wet electrostatic precipitator and its application in thermal power plant(湿式电除尘器的发展及其在火电厂的应用)[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2014.
[4] SHUAI Wei(帅伟),LI Li(李立),CUI Zhimin(崔志敏),et al. Analysis of primary air pollutant emission characteristics and reduction efficiency for ultra-low emission coal-fired power plants based on actual measurement[J]. Electric Power(中国电力),2015,48(11):131-137.
[5] MO Hua(莫华),ZHU Fahua(朱法华),WANG Shen(王圣),et al. Application of WESP in coal-fired power plants and its effect on emission reduction of PM2. 5[J].Electric Power(中国电力),2013,46(11):62-65.
[6] DING Chenggang(丁承刚),SHI Chaolin(时超林),GUO Shiyi(郭士义),et al. Removal efficiency of wet electrostatic precipitator for inhalable particles of different sizes[J]. Power Equipment(发电设备),2015,29(6):454-457.
[7] WANG Zhu(王铸). Study on the removal and formation characteristics of particulate matters of the coal-fired power plant(燃煤电厂微细颗粒物形成特性与脱除研究)[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2016.
[8] YANG Zhiyan(杨志燕). Experimental study on collection of fine particle by wet electrostatic precipitator(湿式电除尘器收集PM2. 5微细粉尘的研究)[D]. Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2014.
[9] ZHANG Lili(张丽丽). Application research on wet electrostatic precipitator in coal fired power plant[J]. Southern Energy Construction(南方能源建设),2016,3:27-30.
[10] XUE Jianming(薛建明),ZONG Ningsheng(纵宁生).Characteristics and development direction of wet electrostatic precipitator[J]. Electric Power Environmental Protection(电力环境保护),1997,13(3):40-44.
[11] CHEN Zhaomei(陈招妹),GAO Zhifeng(高志丰),LU Mingyu(吕明玉). Application of WESP in coal-fired power plants for‘ultra-clean emission’[J]. Power System Engineering(电站系统工程),2014,30(6):18-20.
[12] LIU Hanxiao(刘含笑),ZHU Shaoping(朱少平),YAO Yuping(姚宇平),et al. Experimental research on the PM2. 5in inlet and outlet flue gas using ELPI for WESP of“ultra-clean emission”power plants[J]. Electric Power(中国电力),2014,47(12):37-41.
[13] ZHANG Dianyin(张殿印),WANG Chun(王纯).Duster handbook(除尘器手册)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.
[14] WEI Juan(魏娟). Simulation and experimental studies on the flue gas distribution in inlet of wet electrostatic precipitator(湿式电除尘器进气段气流分布的模拟研究)[D]. Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2013.
[15] LI Lifeng(李立锋),YE Xinglian(叶兴联),YANG Ding(杨丁). Numerical simulation and analysis for flow of WESP system[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报), 2015, 9(10):4959-4964.
[16] DUAN Lei(段雷),MA Zizhen(马子轸),LI Zhen(李振),et al. Characteristics of water soluble inorganic ions in fine particles emitted from coal-fired power plants[J]. Environmental Science(环境科学),2015,36(3):1117-1122.
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