缠绕管式换热器换热管泄漏失效分析
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摘要
某石油化工厂对换热器管程进行打压试验时发现严重泄漏。采用化学成分分析、力学性能试验、金相检验、扫描电镜分析等方法,对换热器泄漏失效原因进行了分析。结果表明,管程、壳程介质中均含有S2-,Cl-,造成换热器下端管程内外壁的点腐蚀;同时,缠绕管在应力和腐蚀介质的共同作用下,从内壁向外发生应力腐蚀开裂,最终导致换热器腐蚀泄漏而失效。
A petrochemical plant found serious leakage in the tube pass of a heat exchanger when conducting pressure test on the heat exchanger. The leakage failure cause of the heat exchanger was analyzed by the methods of chemical composition analysis,mechanical property test,metallographic inspection,SEM analysis,etc. The results show that there are S2-and Cl-ions in the media in both the tube pass and shell,which cause pitting corrosion on the inner and outer walls of the tube pass at lower end of the heat exchanger; At the same time,under the joint action of tensile stress and corrosive medium,the stress corrosion cracking occurs from the inner wall outward,eventually leading to failure of the heat exchanger due to corrosion leakage.
A petrochemical plant found serious leakage in the tube pass of a heat exchanger when conducting pressure test on the heat exchanger. The leakage failure cause of the heat exchanger was analyzed by the methods of chemical composition analysis,mechanical property test,metallographic inspection,SEM analysis,etc. The results show that there are S2-and Cl-ions in the media in both the tube pass and shell,which cause pitting corrosion on the inner and outer walls of the tube pass at lower end of the heat exchanger; At the same time,under the joint action of tensile stress and corrosive medium,the stress corrosion cracking occurs from the inner wall outward,eventually leading to failure of the heat exchanger due to corrosion leakage.
引文
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[2]密晓光,陈杰,余思聪,等.混合工质摩尔配比对LNG绕管式换热器壳侧换热特性的影响[J].流体机械,2018,46(8):17-20.
[3]丁俊萍,吕文涛,钱英豪,等.S30403制绕管式换热器管开裂失效分析[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(18):256-258.
[4]王华明,李丁,刘小平,等.中压废锅泄漏原因分析及对策[J].压力容器,2009,26(2):39-42.
[5]刘小妹,陈晴,杨晓丽.缠绕管换热器泄漏原因分析与修复方法[J].大氮肥,1999(3):159-161.
[6]邢玉荣,王东宁,张继婵.热交换器用不锈钢U型管泄漏原因分析[J].热加工工艺,2009,38(12):151-152.
[7]孔繁革,于素萍.热交换器泄漏原因分析[J].理化检验(物理分册),1996,32(1):49-50.
[8]翟金辉,鲍彬彬,徐敏霞,等.压力容器用304不锈钢封头直边段开裂失效分析[J].压力容器,2011,28(12):54-58.
[9]辛健,马利,胡洋,等.内爆载荷作用下不锈钢圆柱壳的断裂失效分析[J].压力容器,2013,30(2):66-72.
[10]许万剑,杨春丽,赵宏柱,等.304不锈钢焊管应力腐蚀开裂原因[J].腐蚀与防护,2014,35(5):511-513.
[11]高克玮,乔利杰,褚武扬,等.321奥氏体不锈钢单晶应力腐蚀断口的研究[J].金属学报,1998,34(8):888-891.
[12]Mimaki T,Nakazawa Y,Hashimoto S,et al.Stress corrosion cracking of copper bicrystals with〈110〉-Tilt∑3,∑9,and∑11 coincident site lattice boundaries[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1990,21(9):2355-2361.
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