粮豆轮作补贴:标准测算及差异化补偿——基于不同积温带下农户受偿意愿的视角
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摘要
本文利用粮豆轮作补贴试点地区农户调查数据,采用条件价值法测算了不同积温带下农户粮豆轮作的受偿意愿,据此判断当前制定的补偿标准是否适中,以及针对不同积温带应否制定差异化的补偿标准。研究结果显示:(1)由于忽视了粮豆轮作生态功效中可以内化为农户收益部分以及除经济动机外其他影响农户粮豆轮作的激励机制,按照当前的补偿标准,政府对农户补偿过度;(2)不同积温带下农户粮豆轮作的受偿意愿存在显著差异,政府需要考虑针对不同积温带制定差异化的补偿标准。最后,本文还就研究中存在的一些局限进行讨论,以期为后续粮豆轮作补偿标准研究提供启示。
This paper uses the conditional value method to measure the farmers' willingness to accept for rotation under different accumulated temperature. Based on this,it is judged whether the current compensation standard is moderate,and whether different compensation standards should be established. The results show that:( 1) Due to neglecting the ecological effect of rotation which can be internalized as income of farmers and other incentives,the government overcompensate the farmers according to current compensation standard;( 2) there is a significant difference in farmers' willingness to accept for rotation under different accumulated temperature and government needs to consider different compensation standards. Finally,the paper also discusses some limitations of the current research,which can provide some inspirations for the subsequent research on compensation standards for rotation.
This paper uses the conditional value method to measure the farmers' willingness to accept for rotation under different accumulated temperature. Based on this,it is judged whether the current compensation standard is moderate,and whether different compensation standards should be established. The results show that:( 1) Due to neglecting the ecological effect of rotation which can be internalized as income of farmers and other incentives,the government overcompensate the farmers according to current compensation standard;( 2) there is a significant difference in farmers' willingness to accept for rotation under different accumulated temperature and government needs to consider different compensation standards. Finally,the paper also discusses some limitations of the current research,which can provide some inspirations for the subsequent research on compensation standards for rotation.
引文
1.Andersson E,Brogaard S,Olsson L.The Political Ecology of Land Degradation.Annual Review of Environment&Resources,2011(1):1~17
2.Bremer L L,Farley K A,Lopez-Carr D.What factors influence participation in payment for ecosystem services programs?An evaluation of Ecuador's SocioPáramo program.Land Use Policy,2014,36(Complete):122~133.
3.Bullock D G.Crop rotation.Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,1992(4):309~326.
4.Carson R T,Hanemann W M.Chapter 17 Contingent Valuation.Handbook of Environmental Economics.Elsevier B.V.2005:821~936.
5.Claassen R,Cattaneo A,Johansson R.Cost-effective design of agri-environmental payment programs:U.S.experience in theory and practice.Ecological Economics,2008(4):737~752
6.Engel S,Pagiola S,Wunder S.Designing payments for environmental services in theory and practice:An overview of the issues.Ecological Economics,2008(4):663~674
7.Foster V,Mourato S.Elicitation Format and Sensitivity to Scope.Environmental&Resource Economics,2003,24(2):141~160
8.Jiao X,He G,Cui Z,et al.Agri-environment policy for grain production in China:towards sustainable intensification.China Agricultural Economic Review,2018(6):78~92
9.Mahanty S,Suich H,Tacconi L.Access and benefits in payments for environmental services and implications for REDD+:Lessons from seven PES schemes.Land Use Policy,2013(31):38~47
10.Ostensson O.Valuing Environmental Preferences:Theory and Practice of the Contingent Valuation Method in the US,EU and Developing Countries.Resources Policy,2004(1):57~59
11.Venkatachalam L.The contingent valuation method:a review.Environmental Impact Assessment Review,2004(1):89~124
12.Whittington D,Pagiola S.Using Contingent Valuation in the Design of Payments for Environmental Services Mechanisms:A Review and Assessment.Mpra Paper,2012(2):261~287
13.Wu J J,Babcock B A.The Choice of Tillage,Rotation,and Soil Testing Practices:Economic and Environmental Implications.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,1998(3):494~511
14.Wunder,S.,Payments for Environmental Services:Some Nuts and Bolts CIFOR Occasional Paper.Vol.42.2005.4~31
15.陈海江,司伟,赵启然.粮豆轮作补贴:规模导向与瞄准偏差---基于生态补偿瞄准性视角的分析.中国农村经济,2019(1):47~61
16.崔卫华,林菲菲.文化遗产资源的价值评价:CVM的局限性及几点改进.资源科学,2010(10):1993~1998
17.郭江,李国平.CVM评估生态环境价值的关键技术综述.生态经济(中文版),2017(6):115~119
18.何可,张俊飚.基于农户WTA的农业废弃物资源化补偿标准研究---以湖北省为例.中国农村观察,2013(5):46~54
19.胡振通,孔德帅,靳乐山.草原生态补偿:草畜平衡奖励标准的差别化和依据.中国人口·资源与环境,2015(11):152~159
20.李国平,李潇,萧代基.生态补偿的理论标准与测算方法探讨.经济学家,2013(2):42~49
21.李孝忠,钟永玲,张砚杰,等.基于积温约束、不同品种的农业补贴政策效果差异分析.农业技术经济,2017(12):47~61
22.麻吉亮,陈永福,钱小平.气候因素、中间投入与玉米单产增长---基于河北农户层面多水平模型的实证分析.中国农村经济,2012(11):11~20.
23.秦艳红,康慕谊.国内外生态补偿现状及其完善措施.自然资源学报,2007(4):557~567
24.谭永忠,王庆曰,陈佳,等.耕地资源非市场价值评价方法的研究进展与述评.自然资源学报,2012(5):883~892
25.徐大伟,常亮,侯铁珊,等.基于WTP和WTA的流域生态补偿标准测算---以辽河为例.资源科学,2012(7):1354~1361
26.徐晋涛,陶然,徐志刚.退耕还林:成本有效性、结构调整效应与经济可持续性---基于西部三省农户调查的实证分析.经济学(季刊),2004(4):139~162
27.俞振宁,谭永忠,吴次芳,等.基于兼业分化视角的农户耕地轮作休耕受偿意愿分析---以浙江省嘉善县为例.中国土地科学,2017(9):43~51
28.喻永红.基于CVM法的农户保持退耕还林的接受意愿研究-以重庆万州为例.干旱区资源与环境,2015(4):65~70
29.张翼飞,赵敏.意愿价值法评估生态服务价值的有效性与可靠性及实例设计研究.地球科学进展,2007(11):1141~1149
30.张茵,蔡运龙.条件估值法评估环境资源价值的研究进展.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2005(2):317~328
31.张志强,徐中民,程国栋.条件价值评估法的发展与应用.地球科学进展,2003(3):454~463
32.赵翠薇,王世杰.生态补偿效益、标准---国际经验及对我国的启示.地理研究,2010(4):597~606
32.赵军,杨凯.自然资源与环境价值评估:条件估值法及应用原则探讨.自然资源学报,2006(5):834~843
34.周晨,李国平.农户生态服务供给的受偿意愿及影响因素研究---基于陕南水源区406农户的调查.经济科学,2015(5):107~117
35.宗计川.价值评估手段选择:意愿支付抑或意愿接受---实验研究前沿述评.外国经济与管理,2014(7):44~52
**2016年中国政府共开展“轮作休耕”试点面积616万亩,其中在东北冷凉区和农牧交错带开展轮作试点面积500万亩; 2017年和2018年扩大试点范围,其中2017年“轮作休耕”试点面积增加为1200万亩,2018年进一步扩大到2400万亩
***粮豆轮作补贴政策执行时,首先通过省政府确定各县(市)的试点面积,各县(市)再结合自身实际,设定补贴条件,因此不同地区补贴要求可能存在差异,但差异不大
(1)数据来源:搜狐网,http://www. sohu. com/a/224656179_99962938
*成本有效性是指以最低的成本实现某一既定目标,或在既定的成本下谋求特定目标收益的最大化(徐晋涛等,2004)
*三市一盟指内蒙古东部的赤峰市、通辽市、呼伦贝尔市和兴安盟,属于农牧交错带
*由于农户调查是2017年7月份进行的,当时2017年度的粮豆轮作补贴还未下发,因此与补贴政策相关的变量设置为“是否享有粮豆轮作补贴资格”
*从表1的结果来看,以大豆的市场价格和农资价格计算轮作生态功效中可以内化为农户收益部分在30元/亩左右
2.Bremer L L,Farley K A,Lopez-Carr D.What factors influence participation in payment for ecosystem services programs?An evaluation of Ecuador's SocioPáramo program.Land Use Policy,2014,36(Complete):122~133.
3.Bullock D G.Crop rotation.Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,1992(4):309~326.
4.Carson R T,Hanemann W M.Chapter 17 Contingent Valuation.Handbook of Environmental Economics.Elsevier B.V.2005:821~936.
5.Claassen R,Cattaneo A,Johansson R.Cost-effective design of agri-environmental payment programs:U.S.experience in theory and practice.Ecological Economics,2008(4):737~752
6.Engel S,Pagiola S,Wunder S.Designing payments for environmental services in theory and practice:An overview of the issues.Ecological Economics,2008(4):663~674
7.Foster V,Mourato S.Elicitation Format and Sensitivity to Scope.Environmental&Resource Economics,2003,24(2):141~160
8.Jiao X,He G,Cui Z,et al.Agri-environment policy for grain production in China:towards sustainable intensification.China Agricultural Economic Review,2018(6):78~92
9.Mahanty S,Suich H,Tacconi L.Access and benefits in payments for environmental services and implications for REDD+:Lessons from seven PES schemes.Land Use Policy,2013(31):38~47
10.Ostensson O.Valuing Environmental Preferences:Theory and Practice of the Contingent Valuation Method in the US,EU and Developing Countries.Resources Policy,2004(1):57~59
11.Venkatachalam L.The contingent valuation method:a review.Environmental Impact Assessment Review,2004(1):89~124
12.Whittington D,Pagiola S.Using Contingent Valuation in the Design of Payments for Environmental Services Mechanisms:A Review and Assessment.Mpra Paper,2012(2):261~287
13.Wu J J,Babcock B A.The Choice of Tillage,Rotation,and Soil Testing Practices:Economic and Environmental Implications.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,1998(3):494~511
14.Wunder,S.,Payments for Environmental Services:Some Nuts and Bolts CIFOR Occasional Paper.Vol.42.2005.4~31
15.陈海江,司伟,赵启然.粮豆轮作补贴:规模导向与瞄准偏差---基于生态补偿瞄准性视角的分析.中国农村经济,2019(1):47~61
16.崔卫华,林菲菲.文化遗产资源的价值评价:CVM的局限性及几点改进.资源科学,2010(10):1993~1998
17.郭江,李国平.CVM评估生态环境价值的关键技术综述.生态经济(中文版),2017(6):115~119
18.何可,张俊飚.基于农户WTA的农业废弃物资源化补偿标准研究---以湖北省为例.中国农村观察,2013(5):46~54
19.胡振通,孔德帅,靳乐山.草原生态补偿:草畜平衡奖励标准的差别化和依据.中国人口·资源与环境,2015(11):152~159
20.李国平,李潇,萧代基.生态补偿的理论标准与测算方法探讨.经济学家,2013(2):42~49
21.李孝忠,钟永玲,张砚杰,等.基于积温约束、不同品种的农业补贴政策效果差异分析.农业技术经济,2017(12):47~61
22.麻吉亮,陈永福,钱小平.气候因素、中间投入与玉米单产增长---基于河北农户层面多水平模型的实证分析.中国农村经济,2012(11):11~20.
23.秦艳红,康慕谊.国内外生态补偿现状及其完善措施.自然资源学报,2007(4):557~567
24.谭永忠,王庆曰,陈佳,等.耕地资源非市场价值评价方法的研究进展与述评.自然资源学报,2012(5):883~892
25.徐大伟,常亮,侯铁珊,等.基于WTP和WTA的流域生态补偿标准测算---以辽河为例.资源科学,2012(7):1354~1361
26.徐晋涛,陶然,徐志刚.退耕还林:成本有效性、结构调整效应与经济可持续性---基于西部三省农户调查的实证分析.经济学(季刊),2004(4):139~162
27.俞振宁,谭永忠,吴次芳,等.基于兼业分化视角的农户耕地轮作休耕受偿意愿分析---以浙江省嘉善县为例.中国土地科学,2017(9):43~51
28.喻永红.基于CVM法的农户保持退耕还林的接受意愿研究-以重庆万州为例.干旱区资源与环境,2015(4):65~70
29.张翼飞,赵敏.意愿价值法评估生态服务价值的有效性与可靠性及实例设计研究.地球科学进展,2007(11):1141~1149
30.张茵,蔡运龙.条件估值法评估环境资源价值的研究进展.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2005(2):317~328
31.张志强,徐中民,程国栋.条件价值评估法的发展与应用.地球科学进展,2003(3):454~463
32.赵翠薇,王世杰.生态补偿效益、标准---国际经验及对我国的启示.地理研究,2010(4):597~606
32.赵军,杨凯.自然资源与环境价值评估:条件估值法及应用原则探讨.自然资源学报,2006(5):834~843
34.周晨,李国平.农户生态服务供给的受偿意愿及影响因素研究---基于陕南水源区406农户的调查.经济科学,2015(5):107~117
35.宗计川.价值评估手段选择:意愿支付抑或意愿接受---实验研究前沿述评.外国经济与管理,2014(7):44~52
**2016年中国政府共开展“轮作休耕”试点面积616万亩,其中在东北冷凉区和农牧交错带开展轮作试点面积500万亩; 2017年和2018年扩大试点范围,其中2017年“轮作休耕”试点面积增加为1200万亩,2018年进一步扩大到2400万亩
***粮豆轮作补贴政策执行时,首先通过省政府确定各县(市)的试点面积,各县(市)再结合自身实际,设定补贴条件,因此不同地区补贴要求可能存在差异,但差异不大
(1)数据来源:搜狐网,http://www. sohu. com/a/224656179_99962938
*成本有效性是指以最低的成本实现某一既定目标,或在既定的成本下谋求特定目标收益的最大化(徐晋涛等,2004)
*三市一盟指内蒙古东部的赤峰市、通辽市、呼伦贝尔市和兴安盟,属于农牧交错带
*由于农户调查是2017年7月份进行的,当时2017年度的粮豆轮作补贴还未下发,因此与补贴政策相关的变量设置为“是否享有粮豆轮作补贴资格”
*从表1的结果来看,以大豆的市场价格和农资价格计算轮作生态功效中可以内化为农户收益部分在30元/亩左右
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