远程实时健康监护系统关键技术研究
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摘要
目的解决载人航天领域多接口类型、大数据量的医学检查及锻炼数据实时采集和远程传输处理问题,实时评估航天员健康和锻炼情况。方法设计实现一个兼备实时性、可扩展性、容错纠错、通用性的远程实时健康监护系统,采用基于服务的模块化设计和多种接口通信技术,对处理模块屏蔽外设接口差异;采用多线程技术提高系统并行度和吞吐量,确保大数据量时实时性;采用外设链监机制,实现外设故障容错和自动恢复;采用自适应外设识别技术,实现外设及远程监护中心的动态管理。结果实验表明,该系统可在计算资源受限的条件下远程实时监测超声图像、心电波形等多种复杂生理参数和锻炼数据,满足载人航天实时健康监护的需求。结论该系统可实现对地理分布或不可达对象的实时健康保障,在载人航天、极地科考等领域有广阔应用前景。
Objective To know the health and exercise status of astronauts,the real-time measurement and tele-monitoring of physiological parameters and exercise data are needed for manned spaceflight,nevertheless the data amount,the diversity of data types and the interface differences are quite challenging.Methods A scalable,fault-tolerant,and self-adaptive real-time medical tele-monitoring system was designed and implemented in this paper.The service-based modularized design and multi-interface communication techniques were adopted to shield the processing modules from the interface differences.The multi-threads techniques were adopted to enhance the degree of parallelism and throughput,and ensure the real-time character of mass data stream.Moreover,the link check mechanism was adopted for fault tolerance and automatic recovery of devices.It also used the self-adaptive recognition of peripherals to realize dynamic management of both devices and remote centers.Results The experiments with the simulator and actual equipments showed that the system could tele-monitor the electrocardiograph,ultrasound images and other physiological parameters and exercise data in real-time only using limited computing resources,thus satisfying the needs of manned spaceflight.Conclusion The system realized in this paper can be used for the real-time tele-monitoring of people on different geographical sites especially on the unreachable sites,and may have great potentials in manned spaceflight or polar exploration.
Objective To know the health and exercise status of astronauts,the real-time measurement and tele-monitoring of physiological parameters and exercise data are needed for manned spaceflight,nevertheless the data amount,the diversity of data types and the interface differences are quite challenging.Methods A scalable,fault-tolerant,and self-adaptive real-time medical tele-monitoring system was designed and implemented in this paper.The service-based modularized design and multi-interface communication techniques were adopted to shield the processing modules from the interface differences.The multi-threads techniques were adopted to enhance the degree of parallelism and throughput,and ensure the real-time character of mass data stream.Moreover,the link check mechanism was adopted for fault tolerance and automatic recovery of devices.It also used the self-adaptive recognition of peripherals to realize dynamic management of both devices and remote centers.Results The experiments with the simulator and actual equipments showed that the system could tele-monitor the electrocardiograph,ultrasound images and other physiological parameters and exercise data in real-time only using limited computing resources,thus satisfying the needs of manned spaceflight.Conclusion The system realized in this paper can be used for the real-time tele-monitoring of people on different geographical sites especially on the unreachable sites,and may have great potentials in manned spaceflight or polar exploration.
引文
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[15]李浩敏.生理多参数远程监护系统及其关键技术研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2008.Li HM.The research on key technologies on the multiphysiological parameters telemonitoring system[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2008.
[16]吴薇薇,白燕萍,李浩敏,等.基于B/S模式生理多参数远程监护系统的研制[J].北京生物医学工程,2010,29(4):368-373.Wu WW,Bai YP,Li HM,et al.A tele-monitoring system for physiological parameters based on B/S model[J].Beijing Biomedical Engineering,2010,29(4):368-373.
[17]宋田田,李开宇,刘文波.医疗设备无线通信数据采集系统的设计[J].电子测量技术,2016,39(6):172-175.Song TT,Li KY,Liu WB.Design of data acquisition system for medical equipment based on wireless communication[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2016,39(6):172-175.
[18] Carlos HS,Mario PC,Miguel AGM,et al.Airmed-cardio:A GSM and internet service-based system for out-of hospital follow-up of cardiac patients[J].IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine,2005,9(1):73-85.
[19] Bemd CK,Stanley MF,William NR.The design of an internet-based system to maintain home monitoring adherence by lung transplant recipients[J].IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine,2006,10(1):66-76.
[20]龙冰莹.多生理参数远程监护系统数据终端的研究与应用[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2013.Long BY.The research and application of data terminal on physiological parameters tele-monitoring system[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2013.
[21]徐凯.基于B/S架构远程医疗系统的设计与实现[D].杭州:杭州电子科技大学,2015.Xu K.Design and implementation of remote medical system based on B/S architecture[D].Hangzhou:Hangzhou Dianzi University,2015.
[2]许志,韦明,宋晋忠,等.载人航天医监设备技术发展与展望[J].航天医学与医学工程,2018,31(2):182-188.Xu Z,Wei M.Song JZ,et al.Development and prospect of medical monitoring devices in manned spaceflight[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2018,31(2):182-188.
[3]余敏,严洪.实时医监医保决策支持系统数据管理技术研究[J].航天医学与医学工程,2011,24(1):36-41.Yu M,Yan H.Research on data management techniques of real-time medical monitoring and medical support decision support system[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2011,24(1):36-41
[4]李莹辉.航天医学研究现状与趋势[J].航天医学与医学工程,2013,26(6):421-425.Li YH.Current status and trend of space medicine researches[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2013,26(6):421-425.
[5]王平.远程医疗随访服务管理研究与实证分析[D].合肥:中国科技大学,2016.Wang P.A study and empirical analysis of the management of remote medical follow-up services[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2016.
[6]李佳,吴水才,李艳峥,等.家庭健康监护仪的研究进展[J].中国医疗设备,2007,22(3):55-58.Li J,Wu SC,Li YZ,et al.Development of home monitoring instruments[J].China Medical Devices,2007,22(3):55-58.
[7]张迪,吴水才.心电远程监护系统的研究进展[J].中国医疗设备,2008,23(6):45-48.Zhang D,Wu SC.Progress of the research on ECG telemonitoring systems[J].China Medical Devices,2008,23(6):45-48.
[8]贾文娟,白燕萍,绳秀君,等.生理多参数远程监护系统的研究进展[J].中国医疗设备,2009,24(8):76-78,83.Jia WJ,Bai YP,Sheng XJ,et al.Development of physiological multi-parameters tele-monitoring system[J].China Medical Devices,2009,24(8):76-78,83.
[9] Hsieh JC,Hsu MW.A cloud computing based 12-lead ECG telemedicine service[J].BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making,2012,12(1):77.
[10] Gregoski MJ,Mueller M,Vertegel A,et al.Development and validation of a smartphone heart rate acquisition application for heath promotion and wellness telehealth applications[J].International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications,2012,5:1-7.
[11] Gakare PK,Patel AM,Vaghela JR,et al.Real time feature extraction of ECG signal on android platform[C].2012International Conference on Communication,Information&Computing Technology(ICCICT),Mumbai,India,2012:111-115.
[12] Gao HQ,Duan XH,Guo XQ,et al.Design and tests of a smartphones-based multi-lead ECG monitoring system[C].35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS,Osaka,2013:2267-2270.
[13] Matos AC,Lourenco A,Nascimento J.Embedded system for individual recognition based on ECG biometrics[J].Procedia Technology,2014,17:265-272.
[14] Caldara M,Nodari B,Re V,et al.Miniaturized and lowpower blood pressure telemetry system with RFID interface[J].Procedia Engineering,2014,87:344-347.
[15]李浩敏.生理多参数远程监护系统及其关键技术研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2008.Li HM.The research on key technologies on the multiphysiological parameters telemonitoring system[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2008.
[16]吴薇薇,白燕萍,李浩敏,等.基于B/S模式生理多参数远程监护系统的研制[J].北京生物医学工程,2010,29(4):368-373.Wu WW,Bai YP,Li HM,et al.A tele-monitoring system for physiological parameters based on B/S model[J].Beijing Biomedical Engineering,2010,29(4):368-373.
[17]宋田田,李开宇,刘文波.医疗设备无线通信数据采集系统的设计[J].电子测量技术,2016,39(6):172-175.Song TT,Li KY,Liu WB.Design of data acquisition system for medical equipment based on wireless communication[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2016,39(6):172-175.
[18] Carlos HS,Mario PC,Miguel AGM,et al.Airmed-cardio:A GSM and internet service-based system for out-of hospital follow-up of cardiac patients[J].IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine,2005,9(1):73-85.
[19] Bemd CK,Stanley MF,William NR.The design of an internet-based system to maintain home monitoring adherence by lung transplant recipients[J].IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine,2006,10(1):66-76.
[20]龙冰莹.多生理参数远程监护系统数据终端的研究与应用[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2013.Long BY.The research and application of data terminal on physiological parameters tele-monitoring system[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2013.
[21]徐凯.基于B/S架构远程医疗系统的设计与实现[D].杭州:杭州电子科技大学,2015.Xu K.Design and implementation of remote medical system based on B/S architecture[D].Hangzhou:Hangzhou Dianzi University,2015.
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