基于热分析技术的烟丝掺配均匀度测定方法
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摘要
为准确评价配方烟丝在掺配过程中的均匀性,采用热重分析法测算不同时间点所取配方烟丝的热失重反应转化率曲线的相似度,根据相似度间的变异系数建立了计算烟丝掺配均匀度的方法,并将该方法的测试结果与行业标准方法进行对比。结果表明:①热分析测试的优化条件为烟末过40目(粒径:380μm)筛,用量10 mg左右,热分析环境气体流速50 mL/min,升温速率30℃/min;②精密度测试的CV为0.68%～1.29%,重复性测试的CV为0.25%,符合定量分析要求;③该方法与行业标准方法相比,烟丝掺配均匀度的测定结果二者无显著差异,且测试结果的变异系数更小。该方法操作简单、无化学添加、精密度高、重复性较好,适用于烟丝掺配均匀度的准确测定。
In order to accurately evaluate the uniformity of cut tobacco blending, the similarity of thermogravimetric reaction conversion rate curves of the blended cut tobacco sampled at different time points was calculated, and the blending uniformity of tobacco was calculated on the basis of the coefficient of variation(CV) of the calculated similarities. The proposed method was compared with the industrial standard method. The results showed that: 1) The optimized conditions of thermal analysis were: tobacco particle size380 μ m, sample volume about 10 mg, the flow rate of environmental gas 50 mL/min, and heating rate 30 ℃/min. 2) The CV of precision test was 0.68%-1.29% and the CV of reproducibility test was 0.25%, which met the requirements of quantitative analysis. 3) There was no significant difference between the results determined by the proposed method and the industrial standard method; moreover, the test results of the proposed method had smaller CV. This method features simple operation, no chemical reagents, high precision and good reproducibility, and is suitable for the accurate determination of cut tobacco blending uniformity.
In order to accurately evaluate the uniformity of cut tobacco blending, the similarity of thermogravimetric reaction conversion rate curves of the blended cut tobacco sampled at different time points was calculated, and the blending uniformity of tobacco was calculated on the basis of the coefficient of variation(CV) of the calculated similarities. The proposed method was compared with the industrial standard method. The results showed that: 1) The optimized conditions of thermal analysis were: tobacco particle size380 μ m, sample volume about 10 mg, the flow rate of environmental gas 50 mL/min, and heating rate 30 ℃/min. 2) The CV of precision test was 0.68%-1.29% and the CV of reproducibility test was 0.25%, which met the requirements of quantitative analysis. 3) There was no significant difference between the results determined by the proposed method and the industrial standard method; moreover, the test results of the proposed method had smaller CV. This method features simple operation, no chemical reagents, high precision and good reproducibility, and is suitable for the accurate determination of cut tobacco blending uniformity.
引文
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[7]王毅,李胜群,胡立中,等.烟草混合均匀度评价方法的研究[C]//2006年中国烟草学会工业专业委员会烟草工艺学术研讨会.郑州:中国烟草学会,2006.WANG Yi,LI Shengqun,HU Lizhong,et al.Study on the method for evaluating the uniformity of tobacco blending[C]//Academic Symposium on Tobacco Technology of China Tobacco Society Industrial Specialized Committee.Zhengzhou:China Tobacco Society,2006.
[8]YC/T 426-2012烟草混合均匀度的测定[S].YC/T 426-2012 Determination of mixing homogeneity for tobacco[S].
[9]戴永生,姚文祥,武凯,等.卷制过程中设备参数对烟支内烟丝分布的影响[J].烟草科技,2012(4):9-12.DAI Yongsheng,YAO Wenxiang,WU Kai,et al.Effects of cigarette making machine setting on cut tobacco distribution in cigarette[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2012(4):9-12.
[10]叶宏音,汪涛,丁乃红,等.跟踪及混丝柜掺配对批内烟气指标稳定性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(20):8700-8702.YE Hongyin,WANG Tao,DING Naihong,et al.Effects of tracking and mixture on stability of tobacco index[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science,2013,41(20):8700-8702.
[11]Yamazaki H,Hanna M.Application of NIR to determine the contents of expanded tobacco,reconstituted tobacco and stem in tobacco blends[C]//CORESTA Congress.Hamburg:Smoke-Techno Groups/Réunion Groupes Techno-Fumée,1997:214-221.
[12]Kim Y O.The prediction of blending ratio of cut tobacco,expanded stem,and expanded cut tobacco in cigarettes using near infrared spectroscopy[J].Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science,2000,22(1):76-83.
[13]陈小明.烟丝掺配均匀性的近红外光谱识别[J].福建分析测试,2012,21(2):59-62.CHEN Xiaoming.Recognition of tobacco blending by near infrared spectrum[J].Fujian Analysis&Testing,2012,21(2):59-62.
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[15]李斌,蔡佳校,何邦华,等.一种基于热分析技术测定烟丝中梗丝含量的方法:CN107271312A[P].2017-10-20.LI Bin,CAI Jiaxiao,HE Banghua,et al.Method for determining content of cut stem in cut tobacco based on thermal analysis technique:CN107271312A[P].2017-10-20.
[16]李巧灵,陈昆焱,刘泽春,等.基于热重的烟草热解差异度分析[J].烟草科技,2017,50(8):75-79,102.LI Qiaoling,CHEN Kunyan,LIU Zechun,et al.TGA-based analysis of pyrolysis differential between different tobacco samples[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(8):75-79,102.
[17]YC/T 159-2002烟草及烟草制品水溶性糖的测定连续流动法[S].YC/T 159-2002 Tobacco and tobacco productsDetermination of water soluble sugars-Continuous flow method[S].
[18]YC/T 160-2002烟草及烟草制品总植物碱的测定连续流动法[S].YC/T 160-2002 Tobacco and tobacco productsDetermination of total alkaloids-Continuous flow method[S].
[19]YC/T 217-2007烟草及烟草制品钾的测定连续流动法[S].YC/T 2017-2007 Tobacco and tobacco productsDetermination of potassium-Continuous flow method[S].
[20]Zhou H,Long Y Q,Meng A H,et al.Interactions of three municipal solid waste components during co-pyrolysis[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2015,111:265-271.
[21]Zhou H,Long Y Q,Meng A H,et al.The pyrolysis simulation of five biomass species by hemi-cellulose,cellulose and lignin based on thermogravimetric curves[J].Thermochimica Acta,2013,566:36-43.
[22]周顺,宁敏.烟草燃烧热解分析技术及应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2017.ZHOU Shun,NING Min.Analysis technology of tobacco combustion and pyrolysis and its application[M].Hefei:University of Science&Technology China Press,2017.
[23]王学军,王广超,张娟,等.一种混丝掺配均匀度的测定方法:CN105043919A[P].2015-11-11.WANG Xuejun,WANG Guangchao,ZHANG Juan,et al.Method for measuring blending uniformity of mixed cut tobacco:CN105043919A[P].2015-11-11.
[2]陈良元.卷烟生产技术[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,2002.CHEN Liangyuan.Cigarette production technology[M].Zhengzhou:Henan Science and Technology Press,2002.
[3]刘峘.烟草加工中固体物料混合的探讨[J].烟草科技,2002(7):6-8,35.LIU Huan.Discussion on mixing of solid materials in tobacco primary processing[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2002(7):6-8,35.
[4]于建军.卷烟工艺学[M].2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2009.YU Jianjun.Cigarette technology[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2009.
[5]Hedge R W.Preliminary studies of tobacco blending[R].London:BAT,1963.
[6]Hedge R W.Some further work to establish a method of studying mixing during tobacco processing[R].London:BAT,1967.
[7]王毅,李胜群,胡立中,等.烟草混合均匀度评价方法的研究[C]//2006年中国烟草学会工业专业委员会烟草工艺学术研讨会.郑州:中国烟草学会,2006.WANG Yi,LI Shengqun,HU Lizhong,et al.Study on the method for evaluating the uniformity of tobacco blending[C]//Academic Symposium on Tobacco Technology of China Tobacco Society Industrial Specialized Committee.Zhengzhou:China Tobacco Society,2006.
[8]YC/T 426-2012烟草混合均匀度的测定[S].YC/T 426-2012 Determination of mixing homogeneity for tobacco[S].
[9]戴永生,姚文祥,武凯,等.卷制过程中设备参数对烟支内烟丝分布的影响[J].烟草科技,2012(4):9-12.DAI Yongsheng,YAO Wenxiang,WU Kai,et al.Effects of cigarette making machine setting on cut tobacco distribution in cigarette[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2012(4):9-12.
[10]叶宏音,汪涛,丁乃红,等.跟踪及混丝柜掺配对批内烟气指标稳定性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(20):8700-8702.YE Hongyin,WANG Tao,DING Naihong,et al.Effects of tracking and mixture on stability of tobacco index[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science,2013,41(20):8700-8702.
[11]Yamazaki H,Hanna M.Application of NIR to determine the contents of expanded tobacco,reconstituted tobacco and stem in tobacco blends[C]//CORESTA Congress.Hamburg:Smoke-Techno Groups/Réunion Groupes Techno-Fumée,1997:214-221.
[12]Kim Y O.The prediction of blending ratio of cut tobacco,expanded stem,and expanded cut tobacco in cigarettes using near infrared spectroscopy[J].Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science,2000,22(1):76-83.
[13]陈小明.烟丝掺配均匀性的近红外光谱识别[J].福建分析测试,2012,21(2):59-62.CHEN Xiaoming.Recognition of tobacco blending by near infrared spectrum[J].Fujian Analysis&Testing,2012,21(2):59-62.
[14]李克安.分析化学教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2005.LI Kean.Analytical chemistry course[M].Beijing:Beijing University Press,2005.
[15]李斌,蔡佳校,何邦华,等.一种基于热分析技术测定烟丝中梗丝含量的方法:CN107271312A[P].2017-10-20.LI Bin,CAI Jiaxiao,HE Banghua,et al.Method for determining content of cut stem in cut tobacco based on thermal analysis technique:CN107271312A[P].2017-10-20.
[16]李巧灵,陈昆焱,刘泽春,等.基于热重的烟草热解差异度分析[J].烟草科技,2017,50(8):75-79,102.LI Qiaoling,CHEN Kunyan,LIU Zechun,et al.TGA-based analysis of pyrolysis differential between different tobacco samples[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(8):75-79,102.
[17]YC/T 159-2002烟草及烟草制品水溶性糖的测定连续流动法[S].YC/T 159-2002 Tobacco and tobacco productsDetermination of water soluble sugars-Continuous flow method[S].
[18]YC/T 160-2002烟草及烟草制品总植物碱的测定连续流动法[S].YC/T 160-2002 Tobacco and tobacco productsDetermination of total alkaloids-Continuous flow method[S].
[19]YC/T 217-2007烟草及烟草制品钾的测定连续流动法[S].YC/T 2017-2007 Tobacco and tobacco productsDetermination of potassium-Continuous flow method[S].
[20]Zhou H,Long Y Q,Meng A H,et al.Interactions of three municipal solid waste components during co-pyrolysis[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2015,111:265-271.
[21]Zhou H,Long Y Q,Meng A H,et al.The pyrolysis simulation of five biomass species by hemi-cellulose,cellulose and lignin based on thermogravimetric curves[J].Thermochimica Acta,2013,566:36-43.
[22]周顺,宁敏.烟草燃烧热解分析技术及应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2017.ZHOU Shun,NING Min.Analysis technology of tobacco combustion and pyrolysis and its application[M].Hefei:University of Science&Technology China Press,2017.
[23]王学军,王广超,张娟,等.一种混丝掺配均匀度的测定方法:CN105043919A[P].2015-11-11.WANG Xuejun,WANG Guangchao,ZHANG Juan,et al.Method for measuring blending uniformity of mixed cut tobacco:CN105043919A[P].2015-11-11.
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