羧基化多壁碳纳米管、混合盐及其复合胁迫对水稻幼苗生理特性的影响
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摘要
将水稻(Oryza sativa L.)幼苗悬浮培养于含有羧基化多壁碳纳米管MWCNTs-COOH (0、2.5、5.0、10. 0 mg/L)、50 mmol/L混合盐(1NaCl∶9Na_2SO_4∶9NaHCO_3∶1Na_2CO_3),以及MWCNTs-COOH+混合盐的复合溶液中,10 d后检测叶片生理生化指标变化,研究MWCNTs-COOH复合盐碱胁迫对水稻幼苗的毒性及生态风险。结果显示,与对照组相比,MWCNTs-COOH单一组诱导下水稻叶片O_2~(·-)和H_2O_2的产生不明显,而混合盐组和混合盐+MWCNTs-COOH复合组均诱导了O_2~(·-)和H_2O_2产物的大量累积。MWCNTs-COOH与混合盐复合后,加剧了O_2~(·-)和H_2O_2的累积,并有明显的浓度效应。活性氧(ROS)作为信号分子在一定程度上诱导了各处理组部分抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、POD、APX)活性的升高;与混合盐组相比,低浓度混合盐+MWCNTs-COOH复合组中叶绿素a和胡萝卜素含量呈一定程度的升高; MWCNTs-COOH与混合盐复合后,抑制了叶片中可溶性糖(SS)和脯氨酸(Pro)的合成,致使相对电导率(REC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高。上述抗氧化酶活性及叶绿素a和胡萝卜素含量的升高对缓解水稻叶片氧化损伤、维持正常的光合电子传递及对过剩光能的热耗散是有益的,是水稻幼苗重要的防御机制。本研究表明MWCNTs-COOH单一处理在一定程度上诱导了水稻叶片的氧化胁迫和应激响应,与混合盐复合后加剧了叶片的氧化胁迫和应激损伤。
Rice( Oryza sativa L.) seedlings were hydroponically cultivated in different concentrations of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes( MWCNTs-COOH)( 0,2.5,5.0,and 10.0 mg/L),50 mmol/L mixed salt( 1NaCl:9Na_2SO_4:9 NaHCO3:1 Na_2CO_3),and mixed salt +MWCNTs-COOH for 10 d,respectively. Several physiological and biochemical parameters were then determined to investigate the phytotoxicity and ecotoxicological risks of MWCNTs-COOH and joint exposure with mixed salt on the seedling leaves. Results showed that reactive oxygen species( ROS),including superoxide radical( O_2~(·-)) and hydrogen peroxide( H_2O_2),were induced non-significantly by single MWCNTs-COOH treatment compared with the control.However,O_2~(·-) and H_2O_2 were overproduced in the mixed salt treatment group and in the combined treatment group. Mixed salt combined with MWCNTs-COOH aggravated the accumulation of O_2~(·-) and H_2O_2,with obvious concentration effects. As signaling molecules,ROS enhanced,at least to some extent,the total activities of antioxidant enzymes( i. e.,SOD,CAT,POD,and APX) in the different treatment groups. The contents of chlorophyll-a and carotene somewhat increased under low concentration combined treatment compared with mixed salt treatment. After combination with mixed salt,the synthesis of soluble sugar and proline were inhibited, whereas the relative electrical conductivity and production of malondialdehyde( MDA) were significantly enhanced. The increased activity of antioxidant enzymes and production of chlorophyll-a and carotene are likely crucial defense mechanisms,which are beneficial for the alleviation of oxidative stress and damage,as well as for the maintenance of photosynthetic electron transport and thermal dissipation of excessive light energy in O. sativa seedlings. This study demonstrated that single MWCNTs-COOH treatment caused a certain level of oxidative stress and defense response in the leaves of O. sativa seedlings; furthermore, combined MWCNTs-COOH and mixed salt treatment aggravated oxidative stress and damage.
Rice( Oryza sativa L.) seedlings were hydroponically cultivated in different concentrations of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes( MWCNTs-COOH)( 0,2.5,5.0,and 10.0 mg/L),50 mmol/L mixed salt( 1NaCl:9Na_2SO_4:9 NaHCO3:1 Na_2CO_3),and mixed salt +MWCNTs-COOH for 10 d,respectively. Several physiological and biochemical parameters were then determined to investigate the phytotoxicity and ecotoxicological risks of MWCNTs-COOH and joint exposure with mixed salt on the seedling leaves. Results showed that reactive oxygen species( ROS),including superoxide radical( O_2~(·-)) and hydrogen peroxide( H_2O_2),were induced non-significantly by single MWCNTs-COOH treatment compared with the control.However,O_2~(·-) and H_2O_2 were overproduced in the mixed salt treatment group and in the combined treatment group. Mixed salt combined with MWCNTs-COOH aggravated the accumulation of O_2~(·-) and H_2O_2,with obvious concentration effects. As signaling molecules,ROS enhanced,at least to some extent,the total activities of antioxidant enzymes( i. e.,SOD,CAT,POD,and APX) in the different treatment groups. The contents of chlorophyll-a and carotene somewhat increased under low concentration combined treatment compared with mixed salt treatment. After combination with mixed salt,the synthesis of soluble sugar and proline were inhibited, whereas the relative electrical conductivity and production of malondialdehyde( MDA) were significantly enhanced. The increased activity of antioxidant enzymes and production of chlorophyll-a and carotene are likely crucial defense mechanisms,which are beneficial for the alleviation of oxidative stress and damage,as well as for the maintenance of photosynthetic electron transport and thermal dissipation of excessive light energy in O. sativa seedlings. This study demonstrated that single MWCNTs-COOH treatment caused a certain level of oxidative stress and defense response in the leaves of O. sativa seedlings; furthermore, combined MWCNTs-COOH and mixed salt treatment aggravated oxidative stress and damage.
引文
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