接种促生菌对花生根际土壤微生物及营养元素的影响
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摘要
植物根际促生菌是一类可促进植物生长的有益细菌,有效的根际促生菌剂可以减少化肥施用。以束村氏菌属(Tsukamurella sp.) P9、伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia sp.) P10、以及P9和P10混合菌液作为接种菌株,研究促生菌对花生生长、植株及土壤营养、根际土壤微生物类群及功能的影响。30 d盆栽实验结果表明,接种组的花生鲜重、株高及根长均显著提高;根际土壤细菌总数、固氮菌和溶磷菌数均明显高于未接种组;氮循环功能菌群数量有不同程度提高,土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶及过氧化氢酶均高于对照;土壤碱解氮及速效钾显著提高,植株营养指标有所提升,尤以P10接种效果更优。本研究初步结论表明2株促生菌通过活化土壤微生物、提高植株的有效营养元素含量,促进了花生的生长。
Plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPR) are a kind of beneficial bacteria that can promote the growth of plants, effective PGPR agents can reduce the application of fertilizer in agricultural production. The effects of inoculation with PGPR on growth of peanuts, plant and soil nutrition, rhizosphere soil microorganism and their function were studied by using Tsukamurella sp. P9 strain and Burkholderia sp. P10 strain as well as their mixture of P9 and P10 as inoculants. The results from 30 day potted experiment showed that the fresh weight, plant height and root length of the inoculated group are significantly increased, and the total number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria are significantly higher than those in the non-inoculated group;while the number of nitrogen cycling functional bacteria grows up in different degree, and the soil sucrase, urease and catalase activities are all higher than that of the control group; furthermore, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium are significantly increased, and plant nutrition indexes are improved, especially the effect of inoculation with Burkholderia sp. P10 is better than others. The preliminary conclusion of this study indicated that the two strains of Tsukamurella sp. P9 strain and Burkholderia sp. P10 enable to promote the growth of peanut by activating soil microorganisms and enhancing the content of effective plant nutrients.
Plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPR) are a kind of beneficial bacteria that can promote the growth of plants, effective PGPR agents can reduce the application of fertilizer in agricultural production. The effects of inoculation with PGPR on growth of peanuts, plant and soil nutrition, rhizosphere soil microorganism and their function were studied by using Tsukamurella sp. P9 strain and Burkholderia sp. P10 strain as well as their mixture of P9 and P10 as inoculants. The results from 30 day potted experiment showed that the fresh weight, plant height and root length of the inoculated group are significantly increased, and the total number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria are significantly higher than those in the non-inoculated group;while the number of nitrogen cycling functional bacteria grows up in different degree, and the soil sucrase, urease and catalase activities are all higher than that of the control group; furthermore, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium are significantly increased, and plant nutrition indexes are improved, especially the effect of inoculation with Burkholderia sp. P10 is better than others. The preliminary conclusion of this study indicated that the two strains of Tsukamurella sp. P9 strain and Burkholderia sp. P10 enable to promote the growth of peanut by activating soil microorganisms and enhancing the content of effective plant nutrients.
引文
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Cusack D.F.,Silver W.L.,Torn M.S.,Burton S.D.,and Firestone M.K.,2011,Changes in microbial community characteristics and soil organic matter with nitrogen additions in two tropical forests,Ecology,92(3):621-632
Dastager S.G.,Deepa C.K.,and Pandey A.,2011,Plant growth promoting potential of Pontibacter niistensis in cowpea(Vigna unguiculata(L.)Walp.),Applied Soil Ecology,49(none):250-255
de Souza R.,Meyer J.,Schoenfeld R.,da Costa P.D.,and Passaglia L.M.P.,2015,Characterization of plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with rice cropped in iron-stressed soils,Annals of Microbiology,65(2):951-964
Guan S.Y.,ed.,1986,Soil enzyme and studying,Agriculture Press,Beijing,China,pp.341-350(关松荫,主编,1986,土壤酶及其研究法,农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.341-350)
Han X.Y.,Zhang L.X.,Huang X.Q.,Dong Y.H.,Li Z.,and Shang T.,2015,Effect of nitrogen transformation bacteria on microbial community and nutrient contents in rhizosphere soil of tea plant,Chaye Kexue(Journal of Tea Science),35(5):405-414(韩晓阳,张丽霞,黄晓琴,董玉惠,李智,尚涛,2015,氮素转化菌对茶树根际土壤微生物群落和养分含量的影响,茶叶科学,35(5):405-414)
He L.Y.,Sheng X.F.,Lu G.X.,and Huang W.Y.,2004,Physiological and biochemical characteristics of silicate-dissolving bacteria in different soils and their capacities of releasing potassium,Turang(Soils),36(4):434-437(何琳燕,盛下放,陆光祥,黄为一,2004,不同土壤中硅酸盐细菌生理生化特征及其解钾活性的研究,土壤,36(4):434-437)
Huang J.C.,Peng Z.P.,Yu J.H.,Lin Z.J.,and Yang L.X.,2010,Impacts of applying corn-straw compost on microorganisms and enzyme activities in pot soil cultivated with mustard,Zhiwu Yingyang Yu Feiliao(Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science),16(2):348-353(黄继川,彭智平,于俊红,林志军,杨林香,2010,施用玉米秸秆堆肥对盆栽芥菜土壤酶活性和微生物的影响,植物与营养肥料学报,16(2):348-353)
Hu C.W.,Li B.Q.,Li C.Y.,and Zhan J.,2016,Effect of application of N and Ca fertilizer on agronomic characters and yield of red-skin peanut,Huasheng Xuebao(Journal of Peanut Science),45(1):57-60(胡承伟,李必钦,李春勇,詹军,2016,不同配比的氮钙肥对红衣米花生农艺性状及产量的影响,花生学报,45(1):57-60)
Jauregui M.A.,and Reisenauer H.M.,1982,Dissolution of oxides of manganese and iron by root exudates components,Soil Science Society of America Journal,46(2):314-317
Liang Y.H.,Yi Y.L.,Xu G.B.,Xie X.H.,and Wang W.N.,2009,Effects of water and fertilizers on available N and P of protected soils planting capsicum in protective ground,Turang Tongbao(Chinese Journal of Soil Science),40(5):1111-1114(梁云江,依艳丽,许广波,谢修鸿,王维娜,2009,水肥处理对辣椒保护地土壤速效氮、磷的影响,土壤通报,40(5):1111-1114)
Li C.H.,Jia Z.J.,Tang L.S.,Wu Y.C.,and Li Y.,2012,Effect of model of fertilization on microbial abundance and enzyme activity in oasis farmland soil,Turang Xuebao(Acta Pedological Sinica),49(3):567-573(李晨华,贾仲君,唐立松,吴宇澄,李彦,2012,不同施肥模式对绿洲农田土壤微生物群落丰度与酶活性的影响,土壤学报,49(3):567-573)
Liu F.C.,Xing S.J.,Ma H.L.,Du Z.Y.,and Ma B.Y.,2014,Effects of inoculating plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on the biological characteristics of walnut(Juglans regia)rhizosphere soil under drought condition,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),25(5):1475-1482(刘方春,邢尚军,马海林,杜振宇,马丙尧,2014,干旱生境中接种根际促生细菌对核桃根际土壤生物学特征的影响,应用生态学报,25(5):1475-1482)
Liu J.,Zhang J.,Qin W.J.,Xie J.,Wang F.D.,Xiang X.G.,Liu G.R.,and Xu C.X.,2016,Effects of nitrogen application and rhizobia inoculation on peanut growth and nitrogen accumulation in red soil upland,Henong Xuebao(Journal of Nucle ar Agricultural Sciences),30(12):2441-2450(刘佳,张杰,秦文婧,谢杰,王芳东,项兴佳,刘光荣,徐昌旭,2016,施氮和接种根瘤菌对红壤旱地花生生长及氮素累积的影响,核农学报,30(12):2441-2450)
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