蝠鲼科动物保护现状及其影响因素分析
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摘要
蝠鲼科共有2属11种,分布于全球的热带、亚热带和温带沿海水域,目前尚无相关研究反映其全球种群的数量。中国有2属3种,分布在渤海、黄海、东海、南海、台湾海峡以及台湾周边海域。自20世纪后期以来,全球范围内蝠鲼科动物种群数量急剧下降。国际社会及各国政府积极关注,但仍存在过度开发、资源崩溃、物种濒危、非法贸易等情况,且关于其保护及其影响因素的研究较薄弱,所以本文在分析了国际及各国针对蝠鲼科动物的保护现状背景下,详细阐述了当前蝠鲼科动物的主要致危因素:生物脆弱性、渔业及不规范的渔业管理、海洋环境遭受破坏、鳃板贸易及对其保护产生的影响,特别是对其种群数量、分布、栖息环境的影响,以期为蝠鲼科动物保护工作的进一步开展提供一定的科学参考。
Mobulidae is represented by eleven species of two genera and is distributed in tropical,subtropical,and temperate coastal waters around the world. There are no reports of the number of global populations. In China,three species and two genera of Mobulidae have been recorded in the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea,East China Sea,South China Sea,Taiwan Strait,and the waters around Taiwan. Since the late 20 th century,populations of the Mobulidae have dramatically declined worldwide. In spite of international and national government attention,threats remain,including overdevelopment,resource collapse,species endangerment,and illegal trade. Research on protection and its influencing factors has been limited. We analyzed the status of international and national protection measure for species of the Mobulidae. We discuss herein the main threats to the Mobulidae including biological vulnerability,fisheries and unregulated fisheries management,marine environment damage,gill plate trade and its impact on protection,especially its impact on population size,distribution,and habitat. We aimed to provide scientific reference for the further development of protection work.
Mobulidae is represented by eleven species of two genera and is distributed in tropical,subtropical,and temperate coastal waters around the world. There are no reports of the number of global populations. In China,three species and two genera of Mobulidae have been recorded in the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea,East China Sea,South China Sea,Taiwan Strait,and the waters around Taiwan. Since the late 20 th century,populations of the Mobulidae have dramatically declined worldwide. In spite of international and national government attention,threats remain,including overdevelopment,resource collapse,species endangerment,and illegal trade. Research on protection and its influencing factors has been limited. We analyzed the status of international and national protection measure for species of the Mobulidae. We discuss herein the main threats to the Mobulidae including biological vulnerability,fisheries and unregulated fisheries management,marine environment damage,gill plate trade and its impact on protection,especially its impact on population size,distribution,and habitat. We aimed to provide scientific reference for the further development of protection work.
引文
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