三峡水库调蓄作用下荆江三口逆流现象成因解析

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英文篇名：Analysis on back-flow phenomenon at three distributaries of Jingjiang River under operation effect of Three Gorges Reservoir 作者：冯宝飞 ; 牛文静 ; 许第兵 ; 邹振华 ; 陈力 英文作者：FENG Baofei;NIU Wenjing;XU Dibing;ZOU Zhenhua;CHEN Li;Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission; 关键词：逆流现象 ; 负流量 ; 荆江三口 ; 三峡水库 英文关键词：back-flow phenomenon;;negative discharge;;three distributaries of Jingjiang River;;Three Gorges Reservoir 中文刊名：人民长江 英文刊名：Yangtze River 机构：长江水利委员会水文局; 出版日期：2019-07-28 出版单位：人民长江 年：2019 期：07 基金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0402201) 语种：中文; 页：20-25 页数：6 CN：42-1202/TV ISSN：1001-4179 分类号：TV87

摘要

荆江三口是长江干流分流至洞庭湖以减轻荆江河段防洪压力的重要洪道。2017年长江1号洪水期间,荆江三口出现历史罕见的江湖逆流现象。为探明三口逆流现象成因并揭示其在江湖防洪中的作用,基于大量原始数据,对比分析了近60 a来尤其是三峡水库蓄水以来主要洪水期间的分流情况,并通过分析2017年三口逆流期间主要口门控制站的来水情况、水位演进过程、洪道沿程比降及同期三峡水库调蓄操作,明确了发生三口逆流的充要条件。研究成果能够为科学调度长江中上游水库群、有效缓解洞庭湖区的防洪压力提供有益借鉴。
        The three distributaries of the Jingjiang River are the major flood route diverted to Dongting Lake from the mainstream of the Yangtze River, which can relieve the flood control pressure in the Jingjiang River reach. During the No. 1 flood of Yangtze River in 2017, there has been rare back-flow phenomenon from the Dongting Lake to the Yangtze River. In order to reveal the causes of back-flow phenomena and its effect in flood control, this paper compared and analyzed the diversion situation during the past 60 years, especially during the major floods period since the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir based on a large amount of original data. By discussing the flow information, the water level variation of the main entry control station, stream gradient and the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir during the back-flow period, the sufficient and necessary conditions for the occurrence of three dis-tributaries back-flow were proposed. The analysis results can provide useful reference for scientifically operating the reservoir groups in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze river, and effectively alleviating flood control pressure in the Dongting Lake area.

引文

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