间(套)作对棉田病虫害的防控效应及其风险控制
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摘要
棉花是病虫害发生最为严重的大田作物之一,近年来基于棉田间作套种的棉花病虫害生态治理成为研究的热点。合理的间作套种可以通过改变农田的生态结构和环境条件,提高天敌的种群数量,降低或抑制害虫的种群密度,进而起到有效控制病虫害的作用,是棉花病虫害防控的一条重要途径。同时,棉田间作套种控制病虫害也存在一定的局限性,不合理的间作套种更是存在提高用工投入、增加病虫防治难度、加重病虫为害等多种风险。评述了棉田间作套种对防控棉花病虫害的效应及其机制,总结提出了棉田间作套种存在的风险和防控途径,对今后应用间作套种生态治理棉花病虫害的前景和研究方向作了展望。
Cotton is one of the major field crops which are seriously threatened by pests and diseases. In recent years, the ecological management of cotton pests and diseases with intercropping has become to be an interesting approach. Intercropping possibly increases the population of natural enemies and finally reduces the population density of pests as a result of changes in ecological structure and environmental conditions of farmland. Intercropping thus has been considered an important alternative in controlling pests and diseases. However, cotton field intercropping also has some limitations in controlling pests and diseases.Unreasonable intercropping system has many risks such as increasing labor input, increasing the difficulty of pests' control, and aggravating pests and diseases. In this paper, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of cotton intercropping on cotton pests and diseases were reviewed. The possible risks and countermeasures used for ecological control of intercropping were also put forward, and the future and application of ecological management of cotton pests and diseases with intercropping were prospected.
Cotton is one of the major field crops which are seriously threatened by pests and diseases. In recent years, the ecological management of cotton pests and diseases with intercropping has become to be an interesting approach. Intercropping possibly increases the population of natural enemies and finally reduces the population density of pests as a result of changes in ecological structure and environmental conditions of farmland. Intercropping thus has been considered an important alternative in controlling pests and diseases. However, cotton field intercropping also has some limitations in controlling pests and diseases.Unreasonable intercropping system has many risks such as increasing labor input, increasing the difficulty of pests' control, and aggravating pests and diseases. In this paper, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of cotton intercropping on cotton pests and diseases were reviewed. The possible risks and countermeasures used for ecological control of intercropping were also put forward, and the future and application of ecological management of cotton pests and diseases with intercropping were prospected.
引文
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