乌鲁木齐某含油废水污灌区土壤中正构烷烃空间分布特征及来源解析
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摘要
研究了乌鲁木齐某含油废水污灌区不同土地类型(林地、葵花地、玉米地、荒地)0～100cm的土壤中正构烷烃的分布特征和来源。结果表明,表层(0～20cm)土壤中正构烷烃质量浓度为4.30～8.43mg/kg,呈现林地>玉米地>荒地>葵花地的特点,与国内外其他地区相比受到中等程度的污染。土壤中正构烷烃含量随深度增加整体呈递减趋势。不同土地类型不同土层中正构烷烃种类相似,但不同深度土壤中不同碳原子数的正构烷烃质量分数差异显著(P<0.05)。研究区土壤中正构烷烃来源为混合源,包括化石燃料不完全燃烧和木本植物的释放。
Distribution characteristics and sources of n-alkanes in 0-100 cm soils of Urumqi oil-bearing waterwater irrigation area were studied,considering different landuse types(forest land,sunflower land,corn field and wasteland).Results showed that the mass concentration of n-alkanes in topsoil(0-20 cm)was 4.30 to 8.43 mg/kg,which was moderately polluted compared with other regions at home and abroad.The distribution characteristics in different landuse types were forest land>corn land>wasteland>sunflower land.The content of n-alkane decreased with the depth.The kinds of the n-alkanes in different depths of soil with different landuse types were similar,but the components' mass fraction were significantly different(P <0.05).The source turned out to be mixed source,including incomplete combustion of the fossil fuel and woody plants release.
Distribution characteristics and sources of n-alkanes in 0-100 cm soils of Urumqi oil-bearing waterwater irrigation area were studied,considering different landuse types(forest land,sunflower land,corn field and wasteland).Results showed that the mass concentration of n-alkanes in topsoil(0-20 cm)was 4.30 to 8.43 mg/kg,which was moderately polluted compared with other regions at home and abroad.The distribution characteristics in different landuse types were forest land>corn land>wasteland>sunflower land.The content of n-alkane decreased with the depth.The kinds of the n-alkanes in different depths of soil with different landuse types were similar,but the components' mass fraction were significantly different(P <0.05).The source turned out to be mixed source,including incomplete combustion of the fossil fuel and woody plants release.
引文
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[23]操云云,邢磊,王星辰,等.渤海-北黄海表层沉积物中正构烷烃的组合特征及其指示意义的探讨[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2018,48(3):104-113.
[24]ZHANG X,XU B,GUNTHER F,et al.Hydrogen isotope ratios of terrestrial leaf wax n-alkanes from the Tibetan Plateau:controls on apparent enrichment factors,effect of vapor sources and implication for altimetry[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2017,211:10-27.
[25]MAKOU M,EGLINTON T,MCINTYRE C,et al.Plant wax n-alkane and n-alkanoic acid signatures overprinted by microbial contributions and old carbon in meromictic lake sediments[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2018,45(2):1049-1057.
[26]葛蔚,程琪琪,柴超,等.山东省农田土壤多环芳烃的污染特征及源解析[J].环境科学,2017,38(4):1587-1596.
[27]刘希雯.武汉北湖地区土壤中多环芳烃和正构烷烃分布规律研究[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2011.
[28]CHENG L L,LI X R,XU X J,et al.Pollution characteristics and source analysis of n-alkanes in atmospheric aerosol of Tangshan[J].Environmental Chemistry,2016,35(9):1808-1814.
[29]卜庆伟,张枝焕,王亮,等.天津地区典型土壤剖面饱和烃分布特征及环境意义[J].地理科学进展,2007,26(6):21-32.
[30]张枝焕,卢另,彭旭阳,等.北京地区表层土中饱和烃组成特征及成因分析[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(10):2398-2407.
[31]ADEDOSU T A,ADEDOSU H O,SOJINU O S,et al.N-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)profile of soil from some polluted sites in Niger Delta,Nigeria[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,68(8):2139-2144.
[2]AHMED I R,KHALID A M,AARIF H E,et al.Occurrence and sourses of aliphatic hydrocarbons in surface soils from Riyadh city,Saudi Arabia[J].JournaL of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences,2013,12(1).
[3]李嘉康,宋雪英,魏建兵,等.沈北新区土壤中多环芳烃污染特征及源解析[J].环境科学,2018,39(1):379-388.
[4]杜亚鲁,胡韬,彭琳.土壤石油污染的生物修复技术研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(增刊1):133-138.
[5]薛建涛.湿地沉积脂类分布特征及古环境意义[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2018.
[6]YANG Y,LIU X,ZHENG J,et al.Characteristics of one-year observation of VOCs,NOx,and O3at an urban site in Wuhan,China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2019,79(5):297-310.
[7]王文岩.西安城郊正构烷烃和多环芳烃的空间分布、来源分析及风险研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[8]GENNADIEV A N,ZAVGORODNYAYA Y A,PIKOVSKIIY I,et al.Alkanes as components of soil hydrocarbon status:behavior and indication significance[J].Eurasian Soil Science,2018,51(1):32-41.
[9]刘欣然.北京大气气溶胶中烃类有机污染物的特征研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2008.
[10]AMY G,MARK C,NATACHA H,et al.Petroleum hydrocarbon mixture toxicity and a trait based approach to soil invertebrate species for site specific risk assessments[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2018,37(5):1252-1259.
[11]BROWN D M,OKORO S,VAN G J,et al.Comparison of landfarming amendments to improve bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in Niger Delta soils[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,596/597:284-292.
[12]KNEZOVIC M,PINTARIC S,JELAVIC M M,et al.The role of weather conditions and normal level of air pollution in appearance of stroke in the region of Southeast Europe[J].Acta Neurologica Belgica,2018,118:267-275.
[13]HUANG T Y,HSU B M,CHAO W C,et al.Plant n-alkane production from litterfall altered the diversity and community structure of alkane degrading bacteria in litter layer in lowland subtropical rainforest in Taiwan[J].Biogeosciences,2017,15:1-23.
[14]周家斌,王磊,钱佳,等.武汉市冬夏季大气PM2.5浓度及其烃类化合物的变化特征[J].环境污染与防治,2013,35(1):1-5.
[15]邓铭江.新疆地下水资源开发利用现状及潜力分析[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(5):647-654.
[16]雷亚君,张永福,张敏惠,等.新疆水资源生态足迹核算与预测[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(5):142-150.
[17]REHMAN K,ASHRAF S,RASHID U,et al.Comparison of proximate and heavy metal contents of vegetables grown with fresh and wastewater[J].Pakistan Journal of Botany,2013,45(2):391-400.
[18]SIEMENS J,HUSCHEK G,SIEBE C,et al.Concentrations and mobility of human pharmaceuticals in the world’s largest wastewater irrigation system,Mexico City-Mezquital Valley[J].Water Research,2008,42(8/9):2124-2134.
[19]张娟.污灌区土壤、大气和水中石油烃的分布特征、来源及迁移机制的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012.
[20]秦宏,郑传祯.污水灌溉国内外研究综述及基于中国问题的展望[J].世界农业,2018(1):24-29.
[21]姚鹏,尹红珍,姚庆祯,等.黄河口湿地土壤中正构烷烃分子指标及物源指示意义[J].环境科学,2012,33(10).
[22]印红玲,邱长燕,叶芝祥,等.成都市春季土壤和扬尘中饱和烃的污染特征与来源分析[J].土壤通报,2011,42(5).
[23]操云云,邢磊,王星辰,等.渤海-北黄海表层沉积物中正构烷烃的组合特征及其指示意义的探讨[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2018,48(3):104-113.
[24]ZHANG X,XU B,GUNTHER F,et al.Hydrogen isotope ratios of terrestrial leaf wax n-alkanes from the Tibetan Plateau:controls on apparent enrichment factors,effect of vapor sources and implication for altimetry[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2017,211:10-27.
[25]MAKOU M,EGLINTON T,MCINTYRE C,et al.Plant wax n-alkane and n-alkanoic acid signatures overprinted by microbial contributions and old carbon in meromictic lake sediments[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2018,45(2):1049-1057.
[26]葛蔚,程琪琪,柴超,等.山东省农田土壤多环芳烃的污染特征及源解析[J].环境科学,2017,38(4):1587-1596.
[27]刘希雯.武汉北湖地区土壤中多环芳烃和正构烷烃分布规律研究[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2011.
[28]CHENG L L,LI X R,XU X J,et al.Pollution characteristics and source analysis of n-alkanes in atmospheric aerosol of Tangshan[J].Environmental Chemistry,2016,35(9):1808-1814.
[29]卜庆伟,张枝焕,王亮,等.天津地区典型土壤剖面饱和烃分布特征及环境意义[J].地理科学进展,2007,26(6):21-32.
[30]张枝焕,卢另,彭旭阳,等.北京地区表层土中饱和烃组成特征及成因分析[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(10):2398-2407.
[31]ADEDOSU T A,ADEDOSU H O,SOJINU O S,et al.N-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)profile of soil from some polluted sites in Niger Delta,Nigeria[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,68(8):2139-2144.
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