丛枝菌根真菌延长百合切花观赏期作用机制的初步研究
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摘要
为初步探究丛枝菌根(arbuscularmycorrhizal,AM)真菌促进百合生长并延长瓶插过程中切花观赏期的作用机制,于温室盆栽条件下对百合Lilium brownii进行摩西斗管囊霉Funneliformis mosseae和变形球囊霉Glomusversiforme单一接种或者共同双接种处理。结果表明,共同接种F.mosseae和G.versiforme的百合地上部干重和地下部干重均显著高于不接种对照,分别增加了60%和58%。与不接种对照相比,接种F. mosseae和G. versiforme处理的百合根尖数、根系长度、分叉数、表面积和根系体积分别比对照增加123%、128%、182%、118%和232%。切花瓶插期间,接种AM真菌处理的百合切花水分平衡值和鲜重变化率显著高于对照处理;乙烯释放速率和呼吸速率显著低于对照,瓶插5d时达到乙烯峰值5.4μL/*g·h (FW)+,共同接种F. mosseae和G. versiforme处理的百合切花乙烯释放速率比对照降低30%;呼吸速率则在瓶插1d时达到峰值0.7μL/*g·h (FW)+,共同接种比对照降低37%;百合花瓣内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、可溶性糖含量和可溶性蛋白含量比对照分别提高19%、32%、52%和26%。百合花瓣内N、P、K、Mg、Ca、Fe和Zn含量均显著高于不接种对照处理,Mn和Cr含量则低于对照;共同接种处理的百合瓶插寿命增加了3d,最佳观赏时间比对照延长2d。结论认为共同接种F. mosseae和G. versiforme处理更加有效地改善切花花枝的水分平衡、营养状况与生理代谢,控制衰老激素的合成,从而延长百合切花的瓶插寿命和最佳观赏期。
The functionary mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungi on the growth and lengthening the ornamental period of Lilium brownii post-harvest cut flowers in vase was investigated. The lily plants were inoculated with AM fungi Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus versiforme and F. mosseae+G. versiforme(Fm+Gv)under greenhouse pot culturing conditions. The results showed that Fm+Gv inoculation resulted in the increase of dry weight of ground part and root of the plants, reaching 60% and 58% respectively as compared with the uninoculated control. The tip number, length, branching number, surface area and volume of lily root increased by 123%, 128%, 182%, 118% and 232% respectively over the uninoculated control. The water balance and fresh weight change rate of lily cut flowers with AM fungal treatment were significantly higher than those of the control, and the release rate and respiration rate of ethylene significantly decreased, reached the peak of 5.4μL/[g·h(FW)] at day 5. Compared with the control, the ethylene release rate of lily cut flowers treated with Fm+Gv was decreased by 30%, and respiratory rate reached up to 0.7μL/[g·h(FW)] in 1 d, 37% lower as compared with the control. The superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in lily petals increased by 19%, and the catalase(CAT) activity increased by 32%; the soluble sugar content increased by 52% and the soluble protein content increased by 26%. The content of N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe and Zn in the flaps we re significantly higher than that in the flaps of non-inoculation treatment, while the content of Mn and Cr was lower than that in the control. The vase life of lily prolonged for three days, and the best viewing period two days or longer. The conclusion is that the simultaneous inoculation treatment of F. mosseae+G. versiforme can effectively improve the water balance, nutritional status and physiological metabolism of cut flower branches, control the synthesis of senescence hormone and prolong the life and viewing period of lily cut flower.
The functionary mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungi on the growth and lengthening the ornamental period of Lilium brownii post-harvest cut flowers in vase was investigated. The lily plants were inoculated with AM fungi Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus versiforme and F. mosseae+G. versiforme(Fm+Gv)under greenhouse pot culturing conditions. The results showed that Fm+Gv inoculation resulted in the increase of dry weight of ground part and root of the plants, reaching 60% and 58% respectively as compared with the uninoculated control. The tip number, length, branching number, surface area and volume of lily root increased by 123%, 128%, 182%, 118% and 232% respectively over the uninoculated control. The water balance and fresh weight change rate of lily cut flowers with AM fungal treatment were significantly higher than those of the control, and the release rate and respiration rate of ethylene significantly decreased, reached the peak of 5.4μL/[g·h(FW)] at day 5. Compared with the control, the ethylene release rate of lily cut flowers treated with Fm+Gv was decreased by 30%, and respiratory rate reached up to 0.7μL/[g·h(FW)] in 1 d, 37% lower as compared with the control. The superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in lily petals increased by 19%, and the catalase(CAT) activity increased by 32%; the soluble sugar content increased by 52% and the soluble protein content increased by 26%. The content of N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe and Zn in the flaps we re significantly higher than that in the flaps of non-inoculation treatment, while the content of Mn and Cr was lower than that in the control. The vase life of lily prolonged for three days, and the best viewing period two days or longer. The conclusion is that the simultaneous inoculation treatment of F. mosseae+G. versiforme can effectively improve the water balance, nutritional status and physiological metabolism of cut flower branches, control the synthesis of senescence hormone and prolong the life and viewing period of lily cut flower.
引文
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Bao SD,1998.Soil agricultural chemistry analysis.China Agriculture Press,Beijing.56-83(in Chinese)
Boomsma CR,Vyn TJ,2008.Maize drought tolerance:potential improvements through arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis?Field Crops Research,108(1):14-31
Byungchun I,Chang MK,Kicheol S,2007.Effects of low-temperature water in vase on the hydraulic physiological characteristics and senescence of cut roses(Rosa spp.‘Red Sandra’).Korean Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology,25(4):451-457
Chen YY,Hu CY,Xiao JX,2017.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and zinc uptake of trifoliate orange(Poncirus trifoliata)seedlings grown in low-zinc soil.Journal of Plant Nutrition,40(3):324-331
Deljou MJN,Marouf A,Hamedan HJ,2014.Effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on gerbera cut flower(Gerbera jamesonii)production in soilless cultivation.Acta Horticulturae,1034(1034):417-422
Eid AR,Awad MN,Hamouda HA,2009.Evaluate effectiveness of bio and mineral fertilization on the growth parameters and marketable cut flowers of Matthiola incana L.American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences,5(4):509-518
Garmendia I,Mangas VJ,2012.Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the production of cut flower roses under commercial-like conditions.Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research,10(1):166-174
Han Y,Fan S,Zhang Q,Wang Y,2017.Effect of heat stress on the MDA,proline and soluble sugar content in leaf lettuce seedlings.Agricultural Sciences,4(5):112-115
Hazzoumi Z,Moustakime Y,Elharchli EH,Joutei KA,2015.Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and water stress on growth,phenolic compounds,glandular hairs,and yield of essential oil in basil(Ocimum gratissimum L.).Chemical&Biological Technologies in Agriculture,2(1):10
He C,Chen WY,He XL,Jiang Q,Zhao LL,2016.Interactive effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under different soil water and fertilizer conditions on the plant growth and nutrients of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.Acta Ecologica Sinica,36(10):2798-2806(in Chinese)
Ibiang YB,Innami H,Sakamoto K,2018.Effect of excess zinc and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on bioproduction and trace element nutrition of Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.cv.Micro-Tom).Soil Science&Plant Nutrition,64(4):1-10
Li WB,Lu WQ,Xie JW,Liu YM,Liu RJ,Guo SX,2018.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and cut flower physiology of Tulipa gesneriana.Mycosystema,37(4):456-465(in Chinese)
Liu CY,Wu QS,Zou YN,2017.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on phosphorous uptake and phosphatase release in trifoliate orange seedlings.Mycosystema,36(7):942-949(in Chinese)
Liu RJ,Chen YL,2007.Mycorrhizology.Science Press,Beijing.1-447(in Chinese)
Liu RJ,Diao ZK,Li JX,Wang NR,Li M,2006.The relationship between colonization potential and inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.Mycosystema,25(3):408-415
Motha SV,Amballa H,Bhumi NR,2015.Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve plant growth in Solanum melongena L.Annals of Biological Research,69:21-28
Movafegh S,Razeghi J R,Kiabi S,2012.Effect of salinity stress on chlorophyll content,proline,water soluble carbohydrate,germination,growth and dry weight of three seedling barley(Hordeum vulgare)cultivars.Journal of Stress Physiology&Biochemistry,8(4):157
Nian LK,Meng HY,Su XL,Shi GA.2017.Effects of adding chlorine dioxide to vase solution on fresh-keeping of tree peony cut flower.Plant Physiology Journal,53(11):2022-2030(in Chinese)
Pumhirun J,Sang-Udom T,Ratanachinakhon B,2001.Effect of methyl bromide fumigation and imidacloprid dipping on quality and vase-life of cut-flower orchids.Agricultural Science Journal,3:12-25
Rahman MM,Ahmad SH,Lgu KS,2012.Psidium guajava and Piper betle leaf extracts prolong vase life of cut carnation(Dianthus caryophyllus)flowers.The Scientific World Journal,3:102805
Razouk R,Kajji A,2015.Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on water relations and growth of young plum trees under severe water stress conditions.International Journal of Plant&Soil Science,5(5):300-312
Shi SM,Ke C,Yuan G,Liu B,Yang XH,Huang XZ,Liu GX,Zhu LQ,He XH,2016.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus species dependency governs better plant physiological characteristics and leaf quality of mulberry(Morus alba L.)seedlings.Frontiers in Microbiology,7(7):1030
Shi ZY,Mickan B,Feng G,Chen YL,2015.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improved plant growth and nutrient acquisition of desert ephemeral Plantago minuta under variable soil water conditions.Journal of Arid Land,7(3):414-420
Wang XK,2006.The principles and techniques of physiological and biochemical experiment of plants.Higher Education Press,Beijing.1-298(in Chinese)
Wang XY,Shi J,Yue XY,Zhang NM,Chen XJ,Xia YS,2017.Effects of AMF inoculation on maize and soybean interspecific competition of N uptake on red soil under intercropping condition.Mycosystema,36(7):972-982(in Chinese)
Wa?ny R,Rozp?dek P,J?drzejczyk RJ,?liwa M,Stojakowska A,Anielska T,Turnau K,2018.Does co-inoculation of Lactuca serriola,with endophytic and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve plant growth in a polluted environment?Mycorrhiza,28(3):235-246
Yan HX,Deng JL,Deng JY,Li LZ,Wan ZL,Wu P,2012.Post-harvest preservation of cut roses treated with different medicaments.Guangxi Agricultural Sciences,43(1):73-76(in Chinese)
Zhao QX,Shi J,Zhang SY,Nian FZ,Zhang NM,Chen XJ,Xia YS,2017.Effects of indigenous AMF inoculation and different nitrogen fertilization on plant growth and nitrogen utilization of intercropped soybean growing on purple soil.Mycosystema,36(7):983-995(in Chinese)
柏军华,王克如,初振东,陈兵,李少昆,2005.叶面积测定方法的比较研究.新疆石河子大学学报,23(2):216-218
鲍士旦,1998.土壤农化分析.北京:中国农业出版社.56-83
贺超,陈伟燕,贺学礼,姜桥,赵丽莉,2016.不同水肥因子与AM真菌对黄芩生长和营养成分的交互效应.生态学报,36(10):2798-2806
刘春艳,吴强盛,邹英宁,2017.AM真菌对枳吸收磷和分泌磷酸酶的影响.菌物学报,36(7):942-949
刘润进,陈应龙,2007.菌根学.北京:科学出版社.1-447
李文彬,卢文倩,谢佳委,刘艳敏,刘润进,郭绍霞,2018.丛枝菌根真菌对郁金香生长及其切花生理的影响.菌物学报,37(4):456-465
年林可,孟海燕,苏笑林,史国安,2017.瓶插液添加二氧化氯对牡丹切花的保鲜效果.植物生理学报,53(11):2022-2030
王学奎,2006.植物生理生化试验原理和技术.北京:高等教育出版社.1-298
汪新月,史静,岳献荣,张乃明,陈雪娇,夏运生,2017.接种AMF与间作对红壤上玉米和大豆种间氮素竞争的影响.菌物学报,36(7):972-982
闫海霞,邓杰玲,邓俭英,李立志,万正林,武鹏,2012.不同药剂处理对切花月季采后保鲜效果的影响.南方农业学报,43(1):73-76
赵乾旭,史静,张仕颖,年夫照,张乃明,陈雪娇,夏运生,2017.土著丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)与不同形态氮对紫色土间作大豆生长及氮利用的影响.菌物学报,36(7):983-995
Bai JH,Wang KR,Chu ZD,Chen B,Li SK,2005.Comparative study on the method of determining leaf area.Journal of Shihezi University,Xinjiang,23(2):216-218(in Chinese)
Bao SD,1998.Soil agricultural chemistry analysis.China Agriculture Press,Beijing.56-83(in Chinese)
Boomsma CR,Vyn TJ,2008.Maize drought tolerance:potential improvements through arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis?Field Crops Research,108(1):14-31
Byungchun I,Chang MK,Kicheol S,2007.Effects of low-temperature water in vase on the hydraulic physiological characteristics and senescence of cut roses(Rosa spp.‘Red Sandra’).Korean Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology,25(4):451-457
Chen YY,Hu CY,Xiao JX,2017.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and zinc uptake of trifoliate orange(Poncirus trifoliata)seedlings grown in low-zinc soil.Journal of Plant Nutrition,40(3):324-331
Deljou MJN,Marouf A,Hamedan HJ,2014.Effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on gerbera cut flower(Gerbera jamesonii)production in soilless cultivation.Acta Horticulturae,1034(1034):417-422
Eid AR,Awad MN,Hamouda HA,2009.Evaluate effectiveness of bio and mineral fertilization on the growth parameters and marketable cut flowers of Matthiola incana L.American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences,5(4):509-518
Garmendia I,Mangas VJ,2012.Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the production of cut flower roses under commercial-like conditions.Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research,10(1):166-174
Han Y,Fan S,Zhang Q,Wang Y,2017.Effect of heat stress on the MDA,proline and soluble sugar content in leaf lettuce seedlings.Agricultural Sciences,4(5):112-115
Hazzoumi Z,Moustakime Y,Elharchli EH,Joutei KA,2015.Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and water stress on growth,phenolic compounds,glandular hairs,and yield of essential oil in basil(Ocimum gratissimum L.).Chemical&Biological Technologies in Agriculture,2(1):10
He C,Chen WY,He XL,Jiang Q,Zhao LL,2016.Interactive effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under different soil water and fertilizer conditions on the plant growth and nutrients of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.Acta Ecologica Sinica,36(10):2798-2806(in Chinese)
Ibiang YB,Innami H,Sakamoto K,2018.Effect of excess zinc and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on bioproduction and trace element nutrition of Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.cv.Micro-Tom).Soil Science&Plant Nutrition,64(4):1-10
Li WB,Lu WQ,Xie JW,Liu YM,Liu RJ,Guo SX,2018.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and cut flower physiology of Tulipa gesneriana.Mycosystema,37(4):456-465(in Chinese)
Liu CY,Wu QS,Zou YN,2017.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on phosphorous uptake and phosphatase release in trifoliate orange seedlings.Mycosystema,36(7):942-949(in Chinese)
Liu RJ,Chen YL,2007.Mycorrhizology.Science Press,Beijing.1-447(in Chinese)
Liu RJ,Diao ZK,Li JX,Wang NR,Li M,2006.The relationship between colonization potential and inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.Mycosystema,25(3):408-415
Motha SV,Amballa H,Bhumi NR,2015.Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve plant growth in Solanum melongena L.Annals of Biological Research,69:21-28
Movafegh S,Razeghi J R,Kiabi S,2012.Effect of salinity stress on chlorophyll content,proline,water soluble carbohydrate,germination,growth and dry weight of three seedling barley(Hordeum vulgare)cultivars.Journal of Stress Physiology&Biochemistry,8(4):157
Nian LK,Meng HY,Su XL,Shi GA.2017.Effects of adding chlorine dioxide to vase solution on fresh-keeping of tree peony cut flower.Plant Physiology Journal,53(11):2022-2030(in Chinese)
Pumhirun J,Sang-Udom T,Ratanachinakhon B,2001.Effect of methyl bromide fumigation and imidacloprid dipping on quality and vase-life of cut-flower orchids.Agricultural Science Journal,3:12-25
Rahman MM,Ahmad SH,Lgu KS,2012.Psidium guajava and Piper betle leaf extracts prolong vase life of cut carnation(Dianthus caryophyllus)flowers.The Scientific World Journal,3:102805
Razouk R,Kajji A,2015.Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on water relations and growth of young plum trees under severe water stress conditions.International Journal of Plant&Soil Science,5(5):300-312
Shi SM,Ke C,Yuan G,Liu B,Yang XH,Huang XZ,Liu GX,Zhu LQ,He XH,2016.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus species dependency governs better plant physiological characteristics and leaf quality of mulberry(Morus alba L.)seedlings.Frontiers in Microbiology,7(7):1030
Shi ZY,Mickan B,Feng G,Chen YL,2015.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improved plant growth and nutrient acquisition of desert ephemeral Plantago minuta under variable soil water conditions.Journal of Arid Land,7(3):414-420
Wang XK,2006.The principles and techniques of physiological and biochemical experiment of plants.Higher Education Press,Beijing.1-298(in Chinese)
Wang XY,Shi J,Yue XY,Zhang NM,Chen XJ,Xia YS,2017.Effects of AMF inoculation on maize and soybean interspecific competition of N uptake on red soil under intercropping condition.Mycosystema,36(7):972-982(in Chinese)
Wa?ny R,Rozp?dek P,J?drzejczyk RJ,?liwa M,Stojakowska A,Anielska T,Turnau K,2018.Does co-inoculation of Lactuca serriola,with endophytic and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve plant growth in a polluted environment?Mycorrhiza,28(3):235-246
Yan HX,Deng JL,Deng JY,Li LZ,Wan ZL,Wu P,2012.Post-harvest preservation of cut roses treated with different medicaments.Guangxi Agricultural Sciences,43(1):73-76(in Chinese)
Zhao QX,Shi J,Zhang SY,Nian FZ,Zhang NM,Chen XJ,Xia YS,2017.Effects of indigenous AMF inoculation and different nitrogen fertilization on plant growth and nitrogen utilization of intercropped soybean growing on purple soil.Mycosystema,36(7):983-995(in Chinese)
柏军华,王克如,初振东,陈兵,李少昆,2005.叶面积测定方法的比较研究.新疆石河子大学学报,23(2):216-218
鲍士旦,1998.土壤农化分析.北京:中国农业出版社.56-83
贺超,陈伟燕,贺学礼,姜桥,赵丽莉,2016.不同水肥因子与AM真菌对黄芩生长和营养成分的交互效应.生态学报,36(10):2798-2806
刘春艳,吴强盛,邹英宁,2017.AM真菌对枳吸收磷和分泌磷酸酶的影响.菌物学报,36(7):942-949
刘润进,陈应龙,2007.菌根学.北京:科学出版社.1-447
李文彬,卢文倩,谢佳委,刘艳敏,刘润进,郭绍霞,2018.丛枝菌根真菌对郁金香生长及其切花生理的影响.菌物学报,37(4):456-465
年林可,孟海燕,苏笑林,史国安,2017.瓶插液添加二氧化氯对牡丹切花的保鲜效果.植物生理学报,53(11):2022-2030
王学奎,2006.植物生理生化试验原理和技术.北京:高等教育出版社.1-298
汪新月,史静,岳献荣,张乃明,陈雪娇,夏运生,2017.接种AMF与间作对红壤上玉米和大豆种间氮素竞争的影响.菌物学报,36(7):972-982
闫海霞,邓杰玲,邓俭英,李立志,万正林,武鹏,2012.不同药剂处理对切花月季采后保鲜效果的影响.南方农业学报,43(1):73-76
赵乾旭,史静,张仕颖,年夫照,张乃明,陈雪娇,夏运生,2017.土著丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)与不同形态氮对紫色土间作大豆生长及氮利用的影响.菌物学报,36(7):983-995
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