基于合作竞争模型的企业协同创新决策机制研究
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摘要
本文分析了制造产业集群内存在合作竞争关系的企业之间开展协同创新活动的决策机制问题,以协同创新活动中的努力水平和产品产量作为决策变量,将企业的协同创新决策行为描述为一个合作竞争的二阶段过程,通过博弈分析揭示了关键变量是如何影响创新联盟内外企业的决策过程的。研究表明,在合作竞争关系下的协同创新活动中,存在最优的产量和努力水平区间能够使企业获得最大的利润;成功的协同创新活动能够产生积极的协同效应,这要求参与企业的知识创新贴现值达到足够的水平,否则企业间的合作无法带来更多的经济回报;协同效应与竞争效应在创新联盟发展的不同阶段发挥了不同的作用,参与协同创新的企业数量对企业利润水平的提升作用表现出显著的边际效应递减。
This paper analyzes the decision-making mechanism of collaborative innovation activities among enterprises with cooperative competitive relationship in manufacturing industry clusters. The collaborative effort and product output in collaborative innovation activities are used as decision variables, and the collaborative innovation decision-making behavior of enterprises is described as cooperation. The two-stage process of competition reveals how key variables affect the decision-making process of companies inside and outside the innovation alliance through game analysis. The research shows that in the collaborative innovation activities under the cooperative competition,the optimal production and effort level can make the enterprise obtain the maximum profit; the successful collaborative innovation activities can produce positive synergy, which requires the knowledge innovation of the participating enterprises.The discounted value reaches a sufficient level, otherwise the cooperation between enterprises cannot bring more economic returns; synergy and competition play different roles in the different stages of the development of innovation alliance, the number of enterprises participating in collaborative innovation to the level of corporate profits the promotion effect shows a significant diminishing marginal effect.
This paper analyzes the decision-making mechanism of collaborative innovation activities among enterprises with cooperative competitive relationship in manufacturing industry clusters. The collaborative effort and product output in collaborative innovation activities are used as decision variables, and the collaborative innovation decision-making behavior of enterprises is described as cooperation. The two-stage process of competition reveals how key variables affect the decision-making process of companies inside and outside the innovation alliance through game analysis. The research shows that in the collaborative innovation activities under the cooperative competition,the optimal production and effort level can make the enterprise obtain the maximum profit; the successful collaborative innovation activities can produce positive synergy, which requires the knowledge innovation of the participating enterprises.The discounted value reaches a sufficient level, otherwise the cooperation between enterprises cannot bring more economic returns; synergy and competition play different roles in the different stages of the development of innovation alliance, the number of enterprises participating in collaborative innovation to the level of corporate profits the promotion effect shows a significant diminishing marginal effect.
引文
(1)黄宏彬:《基于产业融合自主创新和协同创新新模式研究——以中国船舶制造业为例》,《科学管理研究》2016年第2期。
(2)贾宇、曾浩、魏鹏:《制造业协同创新组织与创新驱动发展的研究》,《北方经贸》2016年第5期。
(3)孔德议:《协同创新网络与高技术产业的知识转移绩效——基于PARDL模型的实证研究》,《宏观经济研究》2017年第5期。
(3)刘晓云、赵伟峰:《我国制造业协同创新系统的运行机制研究》,《中国软科学》2015年第12期。
(4)彭双、顾新、吴绍波:《技术创新链的结构、形成与运行》,《科技进步与对策》2012年第9期。
(5)水常青、郑刚、许庆瑞:《影响中国大中型工业企业协同创新要素的实证研究》,《科学学与科学技术管理》2004年第12期。
(6)孙韬:《东北装备制造业技术创新支撑体系研究》,吉林大学博士学位论文,2011年。
(7)唐利如:《产业集群的竞争优势理论与实证》,中国经济出版社2010年版。
(8)解学梅、刘丝:《协同创新模式对协同创新效应与创新绩效的影响机理》,《管理科学》2015年第2期。
(9)Drejer,I. and Jorgensen, B. H., The dynamic creation of knowledge:Analyzing public-private collaborations. Technovation, Vol. 25,No. 2,2005.
(10)Goyal, S. and Moragagonzalez, J. L., R&D networks.RAND Journal Of Economics, Vol. 32,No. 4,2001.
(11)Martinez, J. A.,Gamero,J. and Tamayo, J.,An analysis of innovation in SMEs using an innovative capability-based nonlinear model:A study in the province of Seville(Spain).Technovation, Vol. 31,No. 9,2011.
(12)Pavlou,P. A. and Sawy,O. A., Understanding the elusive black box of dynamic capabilities. Decision Sciences, Vol.42, No. 1,2011.
(13)Piore,M. and Sabel,C.,The Second Industrial Divide:Prospects For Prosperity. New York:Basic Books, 1984.
(14)Porter,M. E.,The Competitive Advantage Of Nations.New York:Free Press, 1990.
(15)Porter, M. E., On Competition. Boston:Harvard Business School Press, 1998.
(16)Schiuma,G. and Lerro, A., Knowledge-based capital in building regional innovation capacity. Journal Of Knowledge Management, Vol. 12,No. 5,2008.
(2)贾宇、曾浩、魏鹏:《制造业协同创新组织与创新驱动发展的研究》,《北方经贸》2016年第5期。
(3)孔德议:《协同创新网络与高技术产业的知识转移绩效——基于PARDL模型的实证研究》,《宏观经济研究》2017年第5期。
(3)刘晓云、赵伟峰:《我国制造业协同创新系统的运行机制研究》,《中国软科学》2015年第12期。
(4)彭双、顾新、吴绍波:《技术创新链的结构、形成与运行》,《科技进步与对策》2012年第9期。
(5)水常青、郑刚、许庆瑞:《影响中国大中型工业企业协同创新要素的实证研究》,《科学学与科学技术管理》2004年第12期。
(6)孙韬:《东北装备制造业技术创新支撑体系研究》,吉林大学博士学位论文,2011年。
(7)唐利如:《产业集群的竞争优势理论与实证》,中国经济出版社2010年版。
(8)解学梅、刘丝:《协同创新模式对协同创新效应与创新绩效的影响机理》,《管理科学》2015年第2期。
(9)Drejer,I. and Jorgensen, B. H., The dynamic creation of knowledge:Analyzing public-private collaborations. Technovation, Vol. 25,No. 2,2005.
(10)Goyal, S. and Moragagonzalez, J. L., R&D networks.RAND Journal Of Economics, Vol. 32,No. 4,2001.
(11)Martinez, J. A.,Gamero,J. and Tamayo, J.,An analysis of innovation in SMEs using an innovative capability-based nonlinear model:A study in the province of Seville(Spain).Technovation, Vol. 31,No. 9,2011.
(12)Pavlou,P. A. and Sawy,O. A., Understanding the elusive black box of dynamic capabilities. Decision Sciences, Vol.42, No. 1,2011.
(13)Piore,M. and Sabel,C.,The Second Industrial Divide:Prospects For Prosperity. New York:Basic Books, 1984.
(14)Porter,M. E.,The Competitive Advantage Of Nations.New York:Free Press, 1990.
(15)Porter, M. E., On Competition. Boston:Harvard Business School Press, 1998.
(16)Schiuma,G. and Lerro, A., Knowledge-based capital in building regional innovation capacity. Journal Of Knowledge Management, Vol. 12,No. 5,2008.
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