旱作区土壤有机碳密度空间分布特征与其驱动力分析
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摘要
为直观显示0～40 cm深度不同层次的土壤有机碳密度空间分布特征,并深入分析不同空间位置上有机碳密度的主要影响因素,根据2017年分层采样点的测试数据计算了旱作区土壤有机碳密度,采用反距离加权法模拟了有机碳密度空间三维分布特征,用地理加权回归分析了有机碳密度的影响因素。结果表明:旱作区土壤有机碳密度呈东北高、西南低的趋势;不同类型土壤的有机碳密度差别较大。气候(温度、降水)是旱作区有机碳密度的主要影响因素。随着土层深度的增加,气候和黏粒含量对土壤有机碳密度的解释度呈增大的趋势。年平均气温与土壤有机碳密度呈负相关性,在不同区域不同深度土层中,年降水量与土壤有机碳密度的回归系数都低于0. 01,相关性很小,黏粒含量与土壤有机碳密度呈正相关性。研究成果可为探究有机碳储量估算和科学制定固碳减排政策提供数据和理论支撑。
It is of great importance to intuitively exhibit the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon density( SOCD) in range of 0 ～ 40 cm soil depth and analyze the main influencing factors of organic SOCD. SOCD in dry farming region was calculated based on the sampling points obtained in2017. The spatial three-dimensional distribution characteristics of SOCD was simulated by inverse distance weighting method, and the influencing factors of SOCD was analyzed with the help of geographical weighted regression. The results showed that the SOCD in northeast was higher than that of southwest,and SOCD in different types of soil had large difference. Climate was the major influencing factor on SCOD in dry cropping areas. Moreover,climate and clay content had upward tendency to SOCD with the increase of soil depth. Annual average temperature had negative correlation with SOCD. It can be seen from the space that the regression coefficient was the highest in the northeast dry farming region of Heilongjiang Province,followed by Jilin and Liaoning Provinces in the central region of Heilongjiang Province and low in North China in all sub-regions,the regression coefficient of precipitation and SOCD was lower than 0. 01,and the correlation was very small. The clay content was positively correlated with SOCD. The research results could provide effective support for estimating of organic carbon reserves and promoting carbon sequestration and emission reduction policies in the future.
It is of great importance to intuitively exhibit the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon density( SOCD) in range of 0 ～ 40 cm soil depth and analyze the main influencing factors of organic SOCD. SOCD in dry farming region was calculated based on the sampling points obtained in2017. The spatial three-dimensional distribution characteristics of SOCD was simulated by inverse distance weighting method, and the influencing factors of SOCD was analyzed with the help of geographical weighted regression. The results showed that the SOCD in northeast was higher than that of southwest,and SOCD in different types of soil had large difference. Climate was the major influencing factor on SCOD in dry cropping areas. Moreover,climate and clay content had upward tendency to SOCD with the increase of soil depth. Annual average temperature had negative correlation with SOCD. It can be seen from the space that the regression coefficient was the highest in the northeast dry farming region of Heilongjiang Province,followed by Jilin and Liaoning Provinces in the central region of Heilongjiang Province and low in North China in all sub-regions,the regression coefficient of precipitation and SOCD was lower than 0. 01,and the correlation was very small. The clay content was positively correlated with SOCD. The research results could provide effective support for estimating of organic carbon reserves and promoting carbon sequestration and emission reduction policies in the future.
引文
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[22]周莉,李保国,周广胜.土壤有机碳的主导影响因子及其研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(1):99-105.ZHOU Li,LI Baoguo,ZHOU Guangsheng. Advances in controlling factors of soil organic carbon[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(1):99-105.(in Chinese)
[23] GHOSH A,BHATTACHARYYA R,MEENA M C,et al. Long-term fertilization effects on soil organic carbon sequestration in an inceptisol[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2018,177:134-144.
[24]苏永中,赵哈林.土壤有机碳储量、影响因素及其环境效应的研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(3):19-27.SU Yongzhong,ZHAO Halin. Advances in researches on soil organic carbon storages,affecting factors and its environmental effects[J]. Journal of Desert Research,2002,22(3):19-27.(in Chinese)
[25] JENKINSON D S,ADAMS D E,WILD A. Model estimates of CO2emissions from soil in response to global warming[J].Nature,1991,351(6324):304-306.
[26] GANUZA A,ALMENDROS G. Organic carbon storage in soils of the Basque Country(Spain):the effect of climate,vegetation type and edaphic variables[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils,2003,37(3):154-162.
[27]赵明松,张甘霖,李德成,等.江苏省土壤有机质变异及其主要影响因素[J].生态学报,2013,33(16):5058-5066.ZHAO Mingsong,ZHANG Ganlin,LI Decheng,et al. Variability of soil organic matter and its main factors in Jiangsu Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(16):5058-5066.(in Chinese)
[28]刘书田.中国农田土壤有机碳时空分布规律及影响因素研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2016.LIU Shutian. The rule of temporal and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon of cropland and its influencing factors in China[D]. Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[2]潘根兴,陆海飞,李恋卿,等.土壤碳固定与生物活性:面向可持续土壤管理的新前沿[J].地球科学进展,2015,30(8):940-951.PAN Genxing,LU Haifei,LI Lianqing,et al. Soil carbon sequestration with bioactivity:a new emerging frontier for sustainable soil management[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2015,30(8):940-951.(in Chinese)
[3]孙维侠,史学正,于东升,等.基于1∶100万土壤空间数据库的有机碳储量估算研究:以中国东北三省为例[J].地理科学,2004,24(5):568-572.SUN Weixia,SHI Xuezheng,YU Dongsheng,et al. Estimation of soil organic carbon storage based on 1∶1 000 000 soil database of China:a case in Northeast China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2004,24(5):568-572.(in Chinese)
[4] SINGH S K,SINGH A K,SHARMA B K,et al. Carbon stock and organic carbon dynamics in soils of Rajasthan,India[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2007,68(3):408-421.
[5] BREJDA J J,MAUSBACH M J,GOEBEL D L. Estimating surface soil organic carbon content at a regional scale using the national resource inventory[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,2001,65(3):842-849.
[6] POST W M,EMANUEL W R,ZINKE P J,et al. Soil carbon pools and world life zones[J]. Nature,1982,298(5870):156-159.
[7]张源沛,胡克林,李保国,等.银川平原土壤盐分及盐渍土的空间分布格局[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(7):19-24.ZHANG Yuanpei,HU Kelin,LI Baoguo,et al. Spatial distribution pattern of soil salinity and saline soil in Yinchuan plain of China[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2009,25(7):19-24.(in Chinese)
[8] BIONDINI M. A three-dimensional spatial model for plant competition in an heterogeneous soil environment[J]. Ecological Modelling,2001,166(1):187-189.
[9]张世文,宁汇荣,高会议,等.基于各向异性的区域土壤有机碳三维模拟与空间特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(16):115-124.ZHANG Shiwen, NING Huirong, GAO Huiyi, et al. Three-dimensional simulation and spatial characteristics of soil organiccarbon based on anisotropy in region[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(16):115-124.(in Chinese)
[10]覃文忠,王建梅,刘妙龙.地理加权回归分析空间数据的空间非平稳性[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,28(4):476-479.QIN Wenzhong. WANG Jianmei,LIU Miaolong. Spatial nonstationarity of geographically weighted regression analysis of spatial data[J]. Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2005,28(4):476-479.(in Chinese)
[11]许泉,芮雯奕,何航,等.不同利用方式下中国农田土壤有机碳密度特征及区域差异[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(12):2505-2510.XU Quan,RUI Wenyi,HE Hang,et al. Characteristics and regional differences of soil organic carbon density in farmland under different land use patterns in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2006,39(12):2505-2510.(in Chinese)
[12] MEIRVENNE M V,MAES K,HOFMAN G. Three-dimensional variability of soil nitrate-nitrogen in an agricultural field[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2003,37(3):147-153.
[13]吴亚坤,刘广明,杨劲松,等.基于反距离权重插值的土壤盐分三维分布解析方法[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(3):100-106.WU Yakun,LIU Guangming,YANG Jingsong,et al. Interpreting method of regional soil salinity 3D distribution based on inverse distance weighting[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2013,29(3):100-106.(in Chinese)
[14] HE Y,HU K L,CHEN D L,et al. Three dimensional spatial distribution modeling of soil texture under agricultural systems using a sequence indicator simulation algorithm[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2010,71(1):24-31.
[15]云安萍,鞠正山,胡克林,等.基于距离反比法的土壤盐分三维空间插值研究[J/OL].农业机械学报,2015,46(12):148-156. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20151221&flag=1. DOI:10. 6041/j.issn. 10001298. 2015. 12. 021.YUN Anping,JU Zhengshan,HU Kelin,et al. Three-dimensional spatial interpolation of soil salinity based on inverse distance weighting method[J/OL]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(12):148-156.(in Chinese)
[16] BRUNSDON C,FOTHERINGHAM S,CHARLTON M. Geographically weighted regression[J]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society,1998,47(3):431-443.
[17]覃文忠.地理加权回归基本理论与应用研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.QIN Wenzhong. The basic theoretics and application research on geographically weighted regression[D]. Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.(in Chinese)
[18]吴立新,史文中,CHRISTOPHER G. 3D GIS与3D GMS中的空间构模技术[J].地理与地理信息科学,2003,19(1):5-11.WU Lixin,SHI Wenzhong,CHRISTOPHER G. Spatial modeling technologies for 3D GIS and 3D GMS[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science,2003,19(1):5-11.(in Chinese)
[19] ZHANG Shiwen,SHEN Chongyang,CHEN Xiaoyang,et al. Spatial interpolation of soil texture using compositional Kriging and regression Kriging with consideration of the characteristics of compositional data and environment variables[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2013,12(9):1673-1683.
[20] YU D S,SHI X Z,WANG H J,et al. Regional patterns of soil organic carbon stocks in China[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2007,85(3):680-689.
[21]郭含茹.基于地理加权回归的区域森林碳储量估计[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2015.GUO Hanru. Geographically weighted regression based estimation of regional forest carbon storage[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang A&F University,2015.(in Chinese)
[22]周莉,李保国,周广胜.土壤有机碳的主导影响因子及其研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(1):99-105.ZHOU Li,LI Baoguo,ZHOU Guangsheng. Advances in controlling factors of soil organic carbon[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(1):99-105.(in Chinese)
[23] GHOSH A,BHATTACHARYYA R,MEENA M C,et al. Long-term fertilization effects on soil organic carbon sequestration in an inceptisol[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2018,177:134-144.
[24]苏永中,赵哈林.土壤有机碳储量、影响因素及其环境效应的研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(3):19-27.SU Yongzhong,ZHAO Halin. Advances in researches on soil organic carbon storages,affecting factors and its environmental effects[J]. Journal of Desert Research,2002,22(3):19-27.(in Chinese)
[25] JENKINSON D S,ADAMS D E,WILD A. Model estimates of CO2emissions from soil in response to global warming[J].Nature,1991,351(6324):304-306.
[26] GANUZA A,ALMENDROS G. Organic carbon storage in soils of the Basque Country(Spain):the effect of climate,vegetation type and edaphic variables[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils,2003,37(3):154-162.
[27]赵明松,张甘霖,李德成,等.江苏省土壤有机质变异及其主要影响因素[J].生态学报,2013,33(16):5058-5066.ZHAO Mingsong,ZHANG Ganlin,LI Decheng,et al. Variability of soil organic matter and its main factors in Jiangsu Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(16):5058-5066.(in Chinese)
[28]刘书田.中国农田土壤有机碳时空分布规律及影响因素研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2016.LIU Shutian. The rule of temporal and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon of cropland and its influencing factors in China[D]. Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
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