基于GF-1遥感影像的宁夏盐池柠条人工林景观特征研究
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摘要
以宁夏盐池县为研究区,利用高分一号遥感影像和谷歌地球数据,采用监督分类与目视解译结合的方法对柠条人工林进行提取,结合DEM数据和景观生态学方法,分析盐池县柠条人工林的地理分布格局与景观特征。结果表明:盐池县柠条人工林占县域面积的13.18%,斑块数量和面积南北分布差异较大;从地理分布格局来看,柠条林大量分布于高程较低和坡度较缓的地区,地势较高与坡度较大的地区仅有少量小斑块分布;不同乡镇的景观单元特征和景观破碎化程度不同,花马池镇柠条林的斑块景观内部分割较复杂,高沙窝镇的内部斑块连通性更好,麻黄山乡景观破碎化程度较高,高沙窝镇与麻黄山乡柠条林的斑块边界都较为曲折;整体来看,盐池地形平缓、高程较低的中北部以营造防沙治沙型柠条为主,面积大且景观斑块连续,地形陡峭的南部沟壑丘陵区则以营造退耕还林的柠条为主,面积小且景观破碎。
Taking Yanchi County of Ningxia as a research area, using GF-1 remote sensing image and Google Earth data, the combination of supervised classification and visual interpretation is used to extract Caragana intermedia Plantation. Based on DEM data and landscape ecology methods, the geographical distribution pattern and landscape characteristics of C. intermedia plantations in Yanchi are analyzed. The landscape unit characteristics and landscape fragmentation degree of different towns and towns are different. The internal division of the patch landscape of C. intermedia plantations in Huamachi Town is complicated. The results show that the total area of C. intermedia plantations in Yanchi accounts for 13.18% of the whole county area, and the distribution of the number and area of plaques varies greatly from north to south. From the geographical distribution pattern, the C.intermedia plantation is widely distributed in areas with low elevation and slow slope. The area with high terrain and steep slope has only a small number of small patches. The internal plaque connectivity of Gaoshawo is better,the landscape of Mahuangshan is more fragmented, and the plaque boundaries of Gaoshawo and Mahuangshan are more tortuous. On the whole, the middle and northern parts of the salt pond with a gentle topography and low elevation are mainly used to build sand control type. In the southern gully hilly area with large area and continuous plaques, the southern gully hilly area is mainly composed of C. intermedia, which is small in area and broken in landscape.
Taking Yanchi County of Ningxia as a research area, using GF-1 remote sensing image and Google Earth data, the combination of supervised classification and visual interpretation is used to extract Caragana intermedia Plantation. Based on DEM data and landscape ecology methods, the geographical distribution pattern and landscape characteristics of C. intermedia plantations in Yanchi are analyzed. The landscape unit characteristics and landscape fragmentation degree of different towns and towns are different. The internal division of the patch landscape of C. intermedia plantations in Huamachi Town is complicated. The results show that the total area of C. intermedia plantations in Yanchi accounts for 13.18% of the whole county area, and the distribution of the number and area of plaques varies greatly from north to south. From the geographical distribution pattern, the C.intermedia plantation is widely distributed in areas with low elevation and slow slope. The area with high terrain and steep slope has only a small number of small patches. The internal plaque connectivity of Gaoshawo is better,the landscape of Mahuangshan is more fragmented, and the plaque boundaries of Gaoshawo and Mahuangshan are more tortuous. On the whole, the middle and northern parts of the salt pond with a gentle topography and low elevation are mainly used to build sand control type. In the southern gully hilly area with large area and continuous plaques, the southern gully hilly area is mainly composed of C. intermedia, which is small in area and broken in landscape.
引文
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[2]刘满仓.盐池县草原沙漠化的现状、成因与对策[J].草业科学,2002,19(6):5-6.
[3]王娅,周立华.宁夏盐池县沙漠化逆转过程的脆弱性诊断[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(1):39-47.
[4]左忠,王金莲,张玉萍,等.宁夏柠条资源利用现状及其饲料开发潜力调查:以盐池县为例[J].草业科学,2006,23(3):17-22.
[5]王军,钟莉娜.景观生态学在土地整治中的应用研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(12):3982-3990.
[6]周铁军,赵廷宁,孙保平,等.宁夏盐池县土地利用与景观格局变化研究[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(1):135-138.
[7]Newton A C,Hill R A,Echeverria C,et al.Remote sensing and the future of landscape ecology[J].Progress in Physical Geography,2009,33(4):528-546.
[8]Wulder M A,Hall R J,Coops N C,et al.High spatial resolution remotely sensed data for ecosystem characterization[J].Bio Science,2004,54(6):511-521.
[9]刘可,杜灵通,候静,等.高分一号与Landsat-8影像在荒漠绿洲过渡带应用对比[J].遥感信息,2017,32(5):133-140.
[10]朱玉果,杜灵通,谢应忠,等.基于GF-1数据的西部小城镇绿地景观格局研究[J].北方园艺,2017(1):88-94.
[11]帅菲,肖根如,揭志强.Google Earth在地学研究中的应用[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,34(1):89-93.
[12]蒋齐,李生宝,潘占兵,等.人工柠条灌木林营造对退化沙地改良效果的评价[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(4):23-27.
[13]宋乃平,杨新国,何秀珍.荒漠草原人工柠条林重建的土壤养分效应[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(4):21-26.
[14]韩启金,张学文,乔志远,等.高分一号卫星PMS相机多场地宽动态辐射定标[J].红外与激光工程,2015,44(1):127-133.
[15]李石华.遥感图像分类方法研究综述[J].国土资源遥感,2005(2):1-6.
[16]候静,杜灵通,张学俭.压砂种植模式对地表热场景观格局的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(1):264-271.
[17]陈文波,肖笃宁,李秀珍.景观指数分类、应用及构建研究[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(1):121-125.
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