珍稀濒危植物金丝李种子脱水耐性和贮藏特性
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摘要
为测定不同脱水程度金丝李(Garcinia paucinervis)种子的萌发情况及其复水后的吸水率、脱水过程中抗性生理指标的变化以及不同贮藏方式下种子的萌发情况,该文研究了金丝李种子的脱水敏感性和储藏特性。结果表明:(1)金丝李种子初始含水量为45.29%,室内通风处放置35 d失水率即达45%。(2)种子失水率低于18%时,萌发率和复水后的吸水率变化不显著;失水率超过18%时,萌发率和复水后吸水率均显著下降,失水率为42%时萌发率为0。其种子的临界含水量为27.29%,半致死含水量为12.72%。(3)随着种子脱水程度的加深,相对电导率、可溶性糖及脯氨酸含量逐步上升;丙二醛含量在失水率低于24%时变化不大,高于24%时显著提高; SOD和POD的活性均呈波动性变化,失水率为18%时活性均最高。(4)室温干藏1个月和-1、-20℃下湿藏1个月的种子均不能萌发;水浸贮藏1个月的种子萌发率显著降低; 4℃湿藏1、3和6个月均显著延缓种子萌发,但对萌发率无显著影响。表明金丝李种子在失水率低于18%时,种子可通过抗性调节维持细胞的正常代谢,能忍受一定程度的脱水和低温;当失水率超过18%时,种子代谢失衡发生劣变直至死亡,属于低度的顽拗性种子。4℃湿沙藏(含水量7.5%)是短期贮藏其种子的较好方法。
We studied the dehydration sensitivity and storage characteristics of G. paucinervis seeds by measuring the germination of seeds with different dehydration extents and the water absorption after rehydration,the change of physiological indices of resistance in the process of dehydration as well as the seed germination under different storage methods. The results were as follows:( 1) The initial moisture content of G. paucinervis seeds was 45.29%. The dehydration rate was up to 45% when placed after 35 d in the indoor ventilated place.( 2) When the dehydration rate was less than 18%,germination percentage( GP) and the water absorption rate after rewatering were not significantly different from those of fresh seeds. However,when the dehydration rate exceeded 18%,GP and the water absorption rate after rewatering were significantly decreased,and GP was 0 at dehydration rate 42%. The critical moisture content of seeds was27.29%,and the lethal moisture content of 50% was 12.72%.( 3) The relative conductivity,the contents of soluble sugar and proline were increased gradually with the deepening of seed dehydration. The content of malondialdehyde( MDA)changed little when the dehydration rate was less than 24%,and increased significantly when exceeding 24%. Both activities of superoxide dismutase( SOD) and peroxidase( POD) showed a trend of fluctuation and peaked at dehydration rate 18%.( 4) Seeds with desiccation storage for one month at room temperature,and all the seeds with storage in damp sand at-1 ℃ and-20 ℃ for one month could not germinate. GP of seeds with water immersion for one month dropped significantly. Germination processes of seeds with storage in damp sand for one month,three months or six months at 4℃ were delayed,but there was no significant effect on GP. It indicates that when the dehydration rate of G. paucinervis is less than 18%,seeds can regulate resistance to maintain normal metabolism of cells. The seeds can endure a certain degree of dehydration and low temperature. When the dehydration rate exceeds 18%,the metabolism of seeds is unbalanced,and then deteriorated until death,which belong to minimally recalcitrant seeds. It also indicates that storage in damp sand at 4 ℃( moisture content 7.5%) is a good method for short-term storage of G. paucinervis seeds.
We studied the dehydration sensitivity and storage characteristics of G. paucinervis seeds by measuring the germination of seeds with different dehydration extents and the water absorption after rehydration,the change of physiological indices of resistance in the process of dehydration as well as the seed germination under different storage methods. The results were as follows:( 1) The initial moisture content of G. paucinervis seeds was 45.29%. The dehydration rate was up to 45% when placed after 35 d in the indoor ventilated place.( 2) When the dehydration rate was less than 18%,germination percentage( GP) and the water absorption rate after rewatering were not significantly different from those of fresh seeds. However,when the dehydration rate exceeded 18%,GP and the water absorption rate after rewatering were significantly decreased,and GP was 0 at dehydration rate 42%. The critical moisture content of seeds was27.29%,and the lethal moisture content of 50% was 12.72%.( 3) The relative conductivity,the contents of soluble sugar and proline were increased gradually with the deepening of seed dehydration. The content of malondialdehyde( MDA)changed little when the dehydration rate was less than 24%,and increased significantly when exceeding 24%. Both activities of superoxide dismutase( SOD) and peroxidase( POD) showed a trend of fluctuation and peaked at dehydration rate 18%.( 4) Seeds with desiccation storage for one month at room temperature,and all the seeds with storage in damp sand at-1 ℃ and-20 ℃ for one month could not germinate. GP of seeds with water immersion for one month dropped significantly. Germination processes of seeds with storage in damp sand for one month,three months or six months at 4℃ were delayed,but there was no significant effect on GP. It indicates that when the dehydration rate of G. paucinervis is less than 18%,seeds can regulate resistance to maintain normal metabolism of cells. The seeds can endure a certain degree of dehydration and low temperature. When the dehydration rate exceeds 18%,the metabolism of seeds is unbalanced,and then deteriorated until death,which belong to minimally recalcitrant seeds. It also indicates that storage in damp sand at 4 ℃( moisture content 7.5%) is a good method for short-term storage of G. paucinervis seeds.
引文
BASKIN CC,BASKIN JM,2005.Seed dormancy in trees of climax tropical vegetation types[J].Trop Ecol,46(1):17-28.
BEDI S,BASRA AS,1993.Chilling injury in germinating seeds:Basic mechanisms and agricultural implications[J].Seed Sci Res,3(4):219-229.
BERJAK P,PAMMENTER NW,2001.Seed recalcitrancecurrent perspectives[J].S Afr J of Bot,67(2):79-89.
BERJAK P,PAMMENTER NW,2007.From Avicennia to Zizania:Seed recalcitrance in perspective[J].Ann Bot,101(2):213-228.
CHAI SF,TANG JM,MALLIK A,et al.,2018.Eco-physiological basis of shade adaptation of Camellia nitidissima,a rare and endangered forest understory plant of Southeast Asia[J].BMC Ecol,18(1):5.
CHEN SF,2006.Studies on mechanisms of desiccation-sensitivity of Aesculus chinensis seeds[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University:49-50.[陈淑芬,2006.七叶树种子脱水敏感性机理研究[D].南京:南京林业大学:49-50.]
CHEN Y,HAN Y,ZHANG M,et al.,2016.Overexpression of the wheat expansion gene Ta EXPA2 improved seed production and drought tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants[J].PLoSONE,11(4):e0153494.
COSTA CRX,PIVETTA KFL,DE SOUZA GRB,et al.,2018.Effects oftemperature,light and seed moisture content on germination of Euterpe precatoria palm[J].Am J Plant Sci,9(1):98.
DIAS DS,LOPES PSN,RIBEIRO LM,et al.,2015.Tolerance of desiccation and cryopreservation of Butia capitata palm seeds[J].Seed Sci Technol,43(1):90-100.
DUAN YS,YANG L,DUAN CL,2014.Desiccation sensitivity of Panax notoginseng seeds and membrane lipid peroxidation[J].Seed,33(4):6-9.[段银妹,杨莉,段承俐,2014.三七种子的脱水敏感性与膜质过氧化作用[J].种子,33(4):6-9.]
ELLIS RH,HONG TD,ROBERTS EH,1990.An intermediate category of seed storage behaviour?I.Coffee[J].J Exp Bot,41(9):1167-1174.
FARM K,GARDEN B,HAU BCH,et al.,2003.Summary of findings from some rapid biodiversity assessments in West Guangxi,China,July 1999[J].S Chin For Biodivers Surv Rep Ser(Online Simpl Vers),(36).
FAROOQ M,WAHID A,KOBAYASHI N,et al.,2009.Plant drought stress:Effects,mechanisms and management[J].Agron Sustain Dev,29(1):185-212.
GREGGAINS V,FINCHSAVAGE WE,ATHERTON NM,et al.,2001.Viability loss and free radical processes during desiccation of recalcitrant Avicennia marina seeds[J].Seed Sci Res,11(3):235-242.
HE HY,SONG SQ,2003.Desiccation sensitivity of Calophyllum polyanthum seeds and factors affecting their germination[J].Acta Bot Yunnan,25(6):687-692.[何惠英,宋松泉,2003.滇南红厚壳种子的脱水敏感性及其影响萌发的因子[J].云南植物研究,25(6):687-692.]
HONG TD,ELIIS RH,1996.A protocol to determine seed storage behavior[M]//ENGELS JM.Technical Bulletin No.1.Rome:International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI):1-51.
ISTA(International Seed Testing Association),1999.International rules for seed testing.Rules 1999[J].Seed Sci Technol,4(1):23-28.
JAYASURIYA KMGG,WIJETUNGA ASTB,BASKIN JM,et al.,2012.Physiological epicotyl dormancy and recalcitrant storage behaviour in seeds of two tropical Fabaceae(subfamily Caesalpinioideae)species[J].Ao B Plants,(1):pls044.
JOSHI G,PHARTYAL SS,ARUNKUMAR AN,2017.Non-deep physiological dormancy,desiccation and low-temperature sensitivity in seeds of Garcinia gummi-gutta(Clusiaceae):Atropical evergreen recalcitrant species[J].Trop Ecol,58(2):241-250.
LI HS,SUN Q,ZHAO SJ,et al.,2000.Principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry experiment[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press:164-165,167-169,195-197,258-261.[李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等,2000.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社:164-165,167-169,195-197,258-261.]
LIU Y,QIU YP,ZHANG L,et al.,2005.Dormancy breaking and storage behavior of Garcinia cowa Roxb.(Guttiferae)seeds:Implications for ecological function and germplasm conservation[J].J Integr Plant Biol,47(1):38-49.
MA MZ,CHRISTENSEN MJ,NAN ZB,2015.Effects of the endophyte Epichloe festucae var.lolii of perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne)on indicators of oxidative stress from pathogenic fungi during seed germination and seedling growth[J].Eur J Plant Pathol,141(3):571-583.
MALIK SK,CHAUDHURY R,ABRAHAM Z,2005.Desiccation-freezing sensitivity and longevity in seeds of Garcinia indica,G.cambogia and G.xanthochymus[J].Seed Sci Technol,33(3):723-732.
NTULI TM,BERJAK P,PAMMENTER N,2015.Different assessments of the effect of drying rates on recalcitrant seed material[J].Am J Biol Life Sci,3(3):75-79.
PAMMENTER NW,GREGGAINS V,KIOKO JI,et al.,1998.Effects of differential drying rates on viability retention of recalcitrant seeds of Ekebergia capensis[J].Seed Sci Res,8(4):463-471.
PAMMENTER NW,BERJAK P,2000.Some thoughts on the evolution and ecology of recalcitrant seeds[J].Plant Spec Biol,15(2):153-156.
PELISSARI F,JOSAC,FONTES MAL,et al.,2018.Aprobabilistic model for tropical tree seed desiccation tolerance and storage classification[J].New For,49(9):143-158.
PROBERT RJ,BRIERLEY ER,1989.Desiccation intolerance in seeds of Zizania palustris is not related to developmental age or the duration of post-harvest storage[J].Ann Bot,64(6):669-674.
ROBERTS EH,1973.Predicting the storage life of seeds[J].Seed Sci Technol,1:499-514.
SONG SQ,CHEN HY,LONG CL,et al.,2005.A guide to the research of seed biology[M].Beijing:Science Press:57-60.[宋松泉,程红焱,龙春林,等,2005.种子生物学研究指南[M].北京:科学出版社:57-60.]
TANG AJ,2014.Seed dormancy and storage behavior of Magnolia sargentiana endemic to China[J].J Plant Physiol,50(1):105-110.[唐安军,2014.中国特有植物凹叶木兰种子的休眠与贮藏行为[J].植物生理学报,50(1):105-110.]
TANG AJ,2012.Desiccation-induced changes in viability,lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity in Mimusops elengi seeds[J].Afr J Biotechnol,11(44):10255-10261.
TAO YL,ZHU C,2004.Relationship among desiccationtolerance,proteins and soluble sugars before and after maturation of Castanea mollissima seeds[J].Sci Silv Sin,40(2):45-50.[陶月良,朱诚,2004.板栗种子成熟前后脱水敏感性与蛋白质、可溶性糖的关系[J].林业科学,40(2):45-50.]
TWEDDLE JC,DICKIE JB,BASKIN CC,et al.,2003.Ecological aspects of seed desiccation sensitivity[J].J Ecol,91(2):294-304.
VARGHESE B,BERJAK P,VARGHESE D,et al.,2011.Differential drying rates of recalcitrant Trichilia dregeana embryonic axes:A study of survival and oxidative stress metabolism[J].Physiol plant,142(4):326-338.
WANG GX,LIANG LS,ZONG YC,1999.Controlling of dormancy and sprouting of stored chestnut by means of temperature[J].Sci Silv Sin,35(3):31-35.[王贵禧,梁丽松,宗亦臣,1999.贮藏板栗休眠与萌芽的温度调控[J].林业科学,35(3):31-35.]
WYSE SV,DICKIE JB,2017.Predicting the global incidence of seed desiccation sensitivity[J].J Ecol,105(4):1082-1093.
YANG QH,LIN YC,LAI WN,et al.,2013.Investigation on germination characteristics of Ardisia punctata seeds[J].Seed,32(9):41-44.[杨期和,林玉春,赖万年,等2013.山血丹种子萌发特性的初步研究[J].种子,32(9):41-44.]
YANG SS,GAO JF,2001.Influence of active oxygen and free radicals on plant senescence[J].Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin,21(2):36-41.[杨淑慎,高俊凤,2001.活性氧、自由基与植物的衰老[J].西北植物学报,21(2):36-41.]
ZHANG JJ,CHAI SF,LSH,et al.,2017.The habitat characteristics and analysis on endangering factors of rare and endangered plant Garcinia paucinervis[J].Ecol Environ,26(4):582-589.[张俊杰,柴胜丰,吕仕洪,等,2017.珍稀濒危植物金丝李的生境特征及致濒原因分析[J].生态环境学报,26(4):582-589.]
ZHANG JY,DAI MH,WANG LC,et al.,2015a.The challenge and future of rocky desertification control in karst areas in Southwest China[J].Solid Earth Discuss,7(4):3271-3292.
ZHANG Y,ZHANG M,YANG H,2015b.Postharvest chitosang-salicylic acid application alleviates chilling injury and preserves cucumber fruit quality during cold storage[J].Food Chem,174:558-563.
ZHANG JJ,WEI X,CHAI SF,et al.,2018.Dormancy mechanism of the seeds of a rare and endangered plant,Garcinia paucinervis[J].Chin J Ecol,37(5):1371-1381.[张俊杰,韦霄,柴胜丰,等,2018.珍稀濒危植物金丝李种子的休眠机理[J].生态学杂志,37(5):1371-1381.]
ZONG M,CAI LQ,LSF,et al.,2006.Effect of different desiccation methods on Castanea mollissima embryo axis desiccation sensitivity and physiological metabolism[J].Acta Hortic Sin,33(2):233-238.[宗梅,蔡丽琼,吕素芳,等2006.不同脱水方法对板栗胚轴脱水敏感性和生理生化的影响[J].园艺学报,33(2):233-238.]
BEDI S,BASRA AS,1993.Chilling injury in germinating seeds:Basic mechanisms and agricultural implications[J].Seed Sci Res,3(4):219-229.
BERJAK P,PAMMENTER NW,2001.Seed recalcitrancecurrent perspectives[J].S Afr J of Bot,67(2):79-89.
BERJAK P,PAMMENTER NW,2007.From Avicennia to Zizania:Seed recalcitrance in perspective[J].Ann Bot,101(2):213-228.
CHAI SF,TANG JM,MALLIK A,et al.,2018.Eco-physiological basis of shade adaptation of Camellia nitidissima,a rare and endangered forest understory plant of Southeast Asia[J].BMC Ecol,18(1):5.
CHEN SF,2006.Studies on mechanisms of desiccation-sensitivity of Aesculus chinensis seeds[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University:49-50.[陈淑芬,2006.七叶树种子脱水敏感性机理研究[D].南京:南京林业大学:49-50.]
CHEN Y,HAN Y,ZHANG M,et al.,2016.Overexpression of the wheat expansion gene Ta EXPA2 improved seed production and drought tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants[J].PLoSONE,11(4):e0153494.
COSTA CRX,PIVETTA KFL,DE SOUZA GRB,et al.,2018.Effects oftemperature,light and seed moisture content on germination of Euterpe precatoria palm[J].Am J Plant Sci,9(1):98.
DIAS DS,LOPES PSN,RIBEIRO LM,et al.,2015.Tolerance of desiccation and cryopreservation of Butia capitata palm seeds[J].Seed Sci Technol,43(1):90-100.
DUAN YS,YANG L,DUAN CL,2014.Desiccation sensitivity of Panax notoginseng seeds and membrane lipid peroxidation[J].Seed,33(4):6-9.[段银妹,杨莉,段承俐,2014.三七种子的脱水敏感性与膜质过氧化作用[J].种子,33(4):6-9.]
ELLIS RH,HONG TD,ROBERTS EH,1990.An intermediate category of seed storage behaviour?I.Coffee[J].J Exp Bot,41(9):1167-1174.
FARM K,GARDEN B,HAU BCH,et al.,2003.Summary of findings from some rapid biodiversity assessments in West Guangxi,China,July 1999[J].S Chin For Biodivers Surv Rep Ser(Online Simpl Vers),(36).
FAROOQ M,WAHID A,KOBAYASHI N,et al.,2009.Plant drought stress:Effects,mechanisms and management[J].Agron Sustain Dev,29(1):185-212.
GREGGAINS V,FINCHSAVAGE WE,ATHERTON NM,et al.,2001.Viability loss and free radical processes during desiccation of recalcitrant Avicennia marina seeds[J].Seed Sci Res,11(3):235-242.
HE HY,SONG SQ,2003.Desiccation sensitivity of Calophyllum polyanthum seeds and factors affecting their germination[J].Acta Bot Yunnan,25(6):687-692.[何惠英,宋松泉,2003.滇南红厚壳种子的脱水敏感性及其影响萌发的因子[J].云南植物研究,25(6):687-692.]
HONG TD,ELIIS RH,1996.A protocol to determine seed storage behavior[M]//ENGELS JM.Technical Bulletin No.1.Rome:International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI):1-51.
ISTA(International Seed Testing Association),1999.International rules for seed testing.Rules 1999[J].Seed Sci Technol,4(1):23-28.
JAYASURIYA KMGG,WIJETUNGA ASTB,BASKIN JM,et al.,2012.Physiological epicotyl dormancy and recalcitrant storage behaviour in seeds of two tropical Fabaceae(subfamily Caesalpinioideae)species[J].Ao B Plants,(1):pls044.
JOSHI G,PHARTYAL SS,ARUNKUMAR AN,2017.Non-deep physiological dormancy,desiccation and low-temperature sensitivity in seeds of Garcinia gummi-gutta(Clusiaceae):Atropical evergreen recalcitrant species[J].Trop Ecol,58(2):241-250.
LI HS,SUN Q,ZHAO SJ,et al.,2000.Principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry experiment[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press:164-165,167-169,195-197,258-261.[李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等,2000.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社:164-165,167-169,195-197,258-261.]
LIU Y,QIU YP,ZHANG L,et al.,2005.Dormancy breaking and storage behavior of Garcinia cowa Roxb.(Guttiferae)seeds:Implications for ecological function and germplasm conservation[J].J Integr Plant Biol,47(1):38-49.
MA MZ,CHRISTENSEN MJ,NAN ZB,2015.Effects of the endophyte Epichloe festucae var.lolii of perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne)on indicators of oxidative stress from pathogenic fungi during seed germination and seedling growth[J].Eur J Plant Pathol,141(3):571-583.
MALIK SK,CHAUDHURY R,ABRAHAM Z,2005.Desiccation-freezing sensitivity and longevity in seeds of Garcinia indica,G.cambogia and G.xanthochymus[J].Seed Sci Technol,33(3):723-732.
NTULI TM,BERJAK P,PAMMENTER N,2015.Different assessments of the effect of drying rates on recalcitrant seed material[J].Am J Biol Life Sci,3(3):75-79.
PAMMENTER NW,GREGGAINS V,KIOKO JI,et al.,1998.Effects of differential drying rates on viability retention of recalcitrant seeds of Ekebergia capensis[J].Seed Sci Res,8(4):463-471.
PAMMENTER NW,BERJAK P,2000.Some thoughts on the evolution and ecology of recalcitrant seeds[J].Plant Spec Biol,15(2):153-156.
PELISSARI F,JOSAC,FONTES MAL,et al.,2018.Aprobabilistic model for tropical tree seed desiccation tolerance and storage classification[J].New For,49(9):143-158.
PROBERT RJ,BRIERLEY ER,1989.Desiccation intolerance in seeds of Zizania palustris is not related to developmental age or the duration of post-harvest storage[J].Ann Bot,64(6):669-674.
ROBERTS EH,1973.Predicting the storage life of seeds[J].Seed Sci Technol,1:499-514.
SONG SQ,CHEN HY,LONG CL,et al.,2005.A guide to the research of seed biology[M].Beijing:Science Press:57-60.[宋松泉,程红焱,龙春林,等,2005.种子生物学研究指南[M].北京:科学出版社:57-60.]
TANG AJ,2014.Seed dormancy and storage behavior of Magnolia sargentiana endemic to China[J].J Plant Physiol,50(1):105-110.[唐安军,2014.中国特有植物凹叶木兰种子的休眠与贮藏行为[J].植物生理学报,50(1):105-110.]
TANG AJ,2012.Desiccation-induced changes in viability,lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity in Mimusops elengi seeds[J].Afr J Biotechnol,11(44):10255-10261.
TAO YL,ZHU C,2004.Relationship among desiccationtolerance,proteins and soluble sugars before and after maturation of Castanea mollissima seeds[J].Sci Silv Sin,40(2):45-50.[陶月良,朱诚,2004.板栗种子成熟前后脱水敏感性与蛋白质、可溶性糖的关系[J].林业科学,40(2):45-50.]
TWEDDLE JC,DICKIE JB,BASKIN CC,et al.,2003.Ecological aspects of seed desiccation sensitivity[J].J Ecol,91(2):294-304.
VARGHESE B,BERJAK P,VARGHESE D,et al.,2011.Differential drying rates of recalcitrant Trichilia dregeana embryonic axes:A study of survival and oxidative stress metabolism[J].Physiol plant,142(4):326-338.
WANG GX,LIANG LS,ZONG YC,1999.Controlling of dormancy and sprouting of stored chestnut by means of temperature[J].Sci Silv Sin,35(3):31-35.[王贵禧,梁丽松,宗亦臣,1999.贮藏板栗休眠与萌芽的温度调控[J].林业科学,35(3):31-35.]
WYSE SV,DICKIE JB,2017.Predicting the global incidence of seed desiccation sensitivity[J].J Ecol,105(4):1082-1093.
YANG QH,LIN YC,LAI WN,et al.,2013.Investigation on germination characteristics of Ardisia punctata seeds[J].Seed,32(9):41-44.[杨期和,林玉春,赖万年,等2013.山血丹种子萌发特性的初步研究[J].种子,32(9):41-44.]
YANG SS,GAO JF,2001.Influence of active oxygen and free radicals on plant senescence[J].Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin,21(2):36-41.[杨淑慎,高俊凤,2001.活性氧、自由基与植物的衰老[J].西北植物学报,21(2):36-41.]
ZHANG JJ,CHAI SF,LSH,et al.,2017.The habitat characteristics and analysis on endangering factors of rare and endangered plant Garcinia paucinervis[J].Ecol Environ,26(4):582-589.[张俊杰,柴胜丰,吕仕洪,等,2017.珍稀濒危植物金丝李的生境特征及致濒原因分析[J].生态环境学报,26(4):582-589.]
ZHANG JY,DAI MH,WANG LC,et al.,2015a.The challenge and future of rocky desertification control in karst areas in Southwest China[J].Solid Earth Discuss,7(4):3271-3292.
ZHANG Y,ZHANG M,YANG H,2015b.Postharvest chitosang-salicylic acid application alleviates chilling injury and preserves cucumber fruit quality during cold storage[J].Food Chem,174:558-563.
ZHANG JJ,WEI X,CHAI SF,et al.,2018.Dormancy mechanism of the seeds of a rare and endangered plant,Garcinia paucinervis[J].Chin J Ecol,37(5):1371-1381.[张俊杰,韦霄,柴胜丰,等,2018.珍稀濒危植物金丝李种子的休眠机理[J].生态学杂志,37(5):1371-1381.]
ZONG M,CAI LQ,LSF,et al.,2006.Effect of different desiccation methods on Castanea mollissima embryo axis desiccation sensitivity and physiological metabolism[J].Acta Hortic Sin,33(2):233-238.[宗梅,蔡丽琼,吕素芳,等2006.不同脱水方法对板栗胚轴脱水敏感性和生理生化的影响[J].园艺学报,33(2):233-238.]
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